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Topic: Pope Boniface VIII

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	Pope Boniface VIII - Biocrawler
		(One of Boniface's first acts as pontiff was to imprison his predecessor in the castle of Fumone, where he died at the age of 91, attended by two monks of his order.) In 1300 Boniface instituted the jubilees, which afterwards became a source of both profit and scandal to the church.
		However, before the Pope could lay France under an interdict, Boniface was seized at Anagni by a party of horsemen under Guillaume de Nogaret, an agent of Philip and Sciarra Colonna.
		Boniface was released from capitivity after three days, however, despite his fortitude died of shock a month later, on October 11, 1303.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Pope_Boniface_VIII (437 words)

	Pope Boniface VIII - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Before this, Boniface VIII was a cardinal priest and papal legate to Sicily, France, and England.
		However, before the Pope could lay France under an interdict, Boniface VIII was seized at Anagni by a party of horsemen under Guillaume de Nogaret, an agent of Philip IV and Sciarra Colonna.
		Earlier (I.i), Boniface VIII is also mentioned for his role in sending Charles of Valois to Florence in 1300 to end the feud between the Black and White Guelphs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Boniface_VIII (980 words)

	Pope Boniface VIII
		By these measures Boniface VIII merely adhered to the traditional policy of the papacy in dealing with Sicilian affairs; there is no evidence to show that, either before or shortly after his election, he had pledged himself in any way to recover Sicily for the House of Anjou.
		In the meantime Boniface VIII had directed his attention also to the north of Italy, where, during a period of forty years, the two rival republics of Venice and Genoa had been carrying on a bitter contest for commercial supremacy in the Levant.
		The letter of the bishops was directed to Boniface and begged him to maintain the former concord, to withdraw the call for the council, and suggtested prudence and moderation, since the laity was prepared to defy all papal censures.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/b/boniface_viii,pope.html (9023 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Clement V
		Pope Clement resided at different places in France (Bordeaux, Poitiers, Toulouse), but finally took up his residence at Avignon, then a fief of Naples, though within the County of Venaissin that since 1228 acknowledged the pope as overlord (in 1348 Clement VI purchased Avignon for 80,000 gold gulden from Joanna of Naples).
		Pope Clement, their status was growing perilous; apart from the envy aroused by their riches, accusations of pride, exclusiveness, usurpation of episcopal rights, etc. were raised against them.
		Pope Clement it may be said that the few measures of equity that appear in the course of this great crime were owing to him; unfortunately his sense of justice and his respect for the law were counterbalanced by a weak and vacillating
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04020a.htm (3940 words)

	NationMaster.com - Encyclopedia: Pope Boniface VIII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Pope John XXII, born Jacques DuÃ¨ze or dEuse (1249 â€“ December 4, 1334), was the son of a shoemaker in Cahors.
		Pope Pius IX announced a Jubilee for 1875, but it was celebrated without any external solemnity, with only the clergy present for the inauguration.
		The Jubilee was closed by the pope on January 6, 2001, by the closing of the holy door of St. Peter's and the promulgation of the Apostolic Letter Novo Millennio Ineunte (Upon Entering the New Millennium), which outlined the pope's vision for the future of the Church.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pope-Boniface-VIII (4527 words)

	Boniface VIII. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Boniface was elected on Celestine’s abdication, and during his first years he was opposed by those who had suffered from Celestine’s retirement—the Neapolitans, the Colonna family, and the extreme Franciscans, among them Jacopone da Todi.
		Boniface’s contest with Philip IV of France was the principal feature of his career.
		In England the Pope faced an equally resistant Edward I, and in a subsequent bull (1297) Boniface relaxed the ruling.
	www.bartleby.com /65/bo/Bonifc8.html (470 words)

	Cultural Catholic - Pope Boniface VIII
		Pope Boniface VIII gained the reputation of being prone to outbursts of impatience and was consumed by the acquisition of wealth and power for his family and for himself.
		Pope Boniface VIII proclaimed 1300 a year of Jubilee (the first Holy Year) and granted plenary indulgences (the remission of temporal punishment in Purgatory) to the tens of thousands of pilgrims to Rome.
		On Oct. 11 or 12, 1303, Pope Boniface VIII, tired of the constant turmoil in his papacy, died a broken man and was buried in a crypt in Saint Peter’s Basilica.
	www.culturalcatholic.com /PopeBonifaceVIII.htm (731 words)

	Pope Boniface VIII Summary
		Boniface has been described as carrying the medieval theory of papal authority to its highest point and at the same time has been condemned as rashly having thrown away both spiritual and temporal responsibility in what was essentially a political argument.
		Boniface responded by issuing the bulls Salvator mundi and Ausculta fili, demanding the bishop's release, revoking the taxing privileges earlier granted to the French king, and commanding attendance of the French bishops at a council to be held at Rome in November 1302 in order to consider the condition of religion in France.
		Boniface VIII was born in Anagni as Benedetto Caetani.
	www.bookrags.com /Pope_Boniface_VIII (2857 words)

	Biography – Pope Boniface VIII – The Papal Library
		At the conclusion of a peace between Charles II of Naples and the King of Aragon, Charles swore fidelity to Pope Boniface in the Church of Saint Sabina.
		Boniface, perceiving that some princes oppressed the clergy with imposts, published, on the 21st of September, 1296, a bull, which he caused to be inserted in the sixth book the Decretals, to remedy that evil.
		The unfortunate pope was abandoned by all his court, except the cardinals of Sabina, Peter of Spain, of Ostia, and Bonasini, who was his successor.
	www.saint-mike.org /Library/Papal_Library/BonifaceVIII/Biography.html (1560 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Boniface VIII
		Boniface VIII, as liege lord of the island, ratified this agreement 21 June, 1295, and further sought to reconcile the conflicting elements by restoring James II to peace with the Church, confirming him in his possession of Aragon, and granting him the islands of Sardinia and Corsica, which were fiefs of the Holy See, in
		Orsini, and on the relatives of the pope.
		Hefele, IV, 344) that the present harsh conclusion of the discourse of Boniface is one of the numerous forgeries of Pierre Flote and Nogaret.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02662a.htm (9707 words)

	Pope Boniface VIII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Boniface's quarrel with Philip the Fair (Philip the Fair: more facts about this subject) became so resentful that he excommunicated (excommunicated: excommunication is a religious censure which is used to deprive or suspend membership in...
		However, before the Pope could lay France under an interdict (interdict: A court order prohibiting a party from doing a certain activity), Boniface was seized at Anagni (Anagni: anagni, (latin anagnia) is an ancient town in latium, italy, in the hills east-southeast...
		Boniface was released from capitivity after three days, however, despite his fortitude died of shock a month later, on October 11, 1303.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/pope_boniface_viii3 (478 words)

	Stendhal + Boniface VIII
		Boniface quarreled with Emperor Albert I of Habsburg, and with the Colonnas family.
		Boniface excommunicated Philip (1303), with whom he was arguing over levying taxes on the clergy.
		After this sad pope died, on 11 October 1303, his successor, Clement V, was persuaded to prosecute him for blasphemy, cynical skepticism, denial of immortality, defense of adultery, and mockery of all religion and morals.
	www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com /rants/0123almanac.htm (598 words)

	Pope Boniface VIII 18 November 1302 The Bull Unam Sanctam
		Pope Boniface VIII 18 November 1302 The Bull Unam Sanctam
		The Bull "Unam Sanctam", in which Pope Boniface VIII asserted his rights against King Phillip the Fair of France, is a landmark in the history of the doctrine of Papal Primacy.
		was used against Boniface VIII as well as against the papal primacy in a manner not justified by its content.
	www.ewtn.com /library/PAPALDOC/B7UNAM.HTM (686 words)

	Is Sedevacantism Catholic? Part 1
		Boniface countered with the idea that the pope had the right to rule the states because the kings had come to the pope to be crowned.
		Pope Clement V took up residence in Avignon beginning what was termed "the Babylonian Captivity" because the reign from Avignon lasted about as long as the Babylonian Captivity and was under the influence of the French court.
		Pope John XXII took the same position as Boniface in that he insisted that kings had no right to rule until the pope had given the Bestowal of Imperial Dignity.
	www.sspx.org /miscellaneous/is_sedevacantism_catholic1.html (1492 words)

	Pope Boniface Viii (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In 1300, Pope Boniface VIII adapted Hebrew custom by making "remission of the penal consequences of sin" available in jubilee years.
		He was regarded as a man of great ability, and was elected in 1294 after Celestine V was persuaded to resign.
		In 1300 Boniface instituted the jubilees, which afterwards became such a source of profit and of scandal to the church.
	www.wikiverse.org /pope-boniface-viii (309 words)

	November 18
		Boniface called a council of bishops to consider reform of the French church.
		Boniface denied this but acknowledged that he was prepared to depose the French king just as earlier popes had deposed other French kings.
		Boniface's nine years as pope were a time of crisis in Europe, and he was not equal to those great challenges.
	www.englishare.net /literature/dante-boniface.htm (1389 words)

	No Salvation outside the Church
		It was amidst this tumultuous sea of rebellion that Boniface VIII had been chosen by the Holy Ghost to take the helm of Peter's Barque.
		Pope Boniface VIII, the last of the Glorious Popes of the Middle Ages, tried with every breath of his priestly heart, every effort of his extraordinarily gifted mind,.
		It is enough to say that the message of Boniface VIII is as clear and challenging - and every bit as valid - today as it was some seven hundred years ago.
	www.olrl.org /doctrine/oneholy.shtml (1073 words)

	Unam Sanctam "Problem" Resolved (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Boniface protested in December 1301 with the Bull Ausculta Fili (which means "Give ear, my son") and accused Philip of subverting the whole state of the Church in France.
		At the end of 1301, Boniface commanded the French bishops to attend a council to be held November 1302 in Rome to consider the badly needed reform of the French Church.
		Boniface VIII gave it precise expression in opposing the procedure of the French king.
	hometown.aol.com /philvaz/debates/debate9.htm (7290 words)

	Tranquillitas Ordinis - Encyclical of Pope Pius XIII
		Pope St. Pius V spirited (lead by his preaching) the countries of Europe to go to war with the Muslims at sea at Lepanto.
		Pope Boniface VIII made it clear that every human creature, in order to be saved, must be subject to the Roman Pontiff.
		Pope Boniface says: “But the latter (material sword), indeed, must be exercised for the Church.” Read old catechisms, and you will see that expressed.
	www.truecatholic.org /pope/encyc-tranquillitas.htm (2240 words)

	Pope Chart - All 264 Popes - St. Peter to John Paul II
		These historic renderings of the Popes were reproduced from the mosaics in the naves of the Basilica of St. Paul- Outside the Walls.
		Section Three of The Popes features the history of the 28 Jubilees from the first proclaimed by Pope Boniface VII in 1300 to the XVIII Holy Year of the Great Jubilee Proclaimed by John Paul II in 2000.
		"Boniface VIII established the recurrence of the Jubilee which would give devout Christians a specific amount of time in which to fully examine their conscience and soul; before this time, other Popes had attempted to establish specific periods for the forgiveness of sins but the periods and the conditions governing them were always different.
	www.popechart.com /ThePopes.htm (566 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: Boniface VIII, Pope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		He secured the release of Jens Grand, Archbishop of Lund, imprisoned by Eric VIII of Denmark; recognized the election of Albert, Duke of Austria, as King of Germany; and conquered and excommunicated the warlike leaders of the Colonna faction in Rome for their tyranny and treason.
		By means of generous subsidies he levied an army of mercenaries headed by Nogaret and Sciarra Colonna, to force the pope to attend the council.
		The troops broke into the papal stronghold at Anagni, and the two leaders seized Boniface and imprisoned him in the palace for three days without food or drink.
	www.catholic-forum.com /Saints/ncd01367.htm (312 words)

	Hist of Christ'n Church 6 (ii.ii.ii)
		In an address at a council in Paris, assembled to arrange for a new crusade, he reminded the mendicant monks that he and they were called not to court glory or learning, but to secure the salvation of their souls.
		Resenting the pope’s interference in their private matters, the Colonna issued a memorial, pronouncing Coelestine’s abdication and the election of Boniface illegal.
		The two cardinals with ropes around their necks threw themselves at the pope’s feet and secured his pardon, but their estates were confiscated and bestowed upon the pope’s nephews and the Orsini.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/hcc6.ii.ii.ii.html (1700 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Pope Boniface VIII
		Related to Pope Innocent III, Pope Gregory IX, and Pope Alexander IV.
		In the bull Unam sanctam in 1302 he expounded the principle that Catholic princes are subject to the pope in temporal (moral) and religious matters.
		In 1310 he forced Clement V to start an investigation to determine if Boniface was a heretic.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/pope0193.htm (362 words)

	Present-day Catholicism and the Unam Sanctam Contradiction
		Furthermore, the medieval RC Church clearly accepted this belief for it was reaffirmed by Pope Leo X at the Fifth Lateran Council (1516).
		Finally, this most serious contradiction between the two not only refutes their own doctrine of the infallibility of the pope, but also falsifies the RC claim that their Tradition is the universal consent of the Fathers.
		The latter is clearly shown by the clash regarding salvation between Pope John Paul II and two former popes, Boniface VIII and Leo X.
	www.evangelicaloutreach.org /unamsanctam.htm (1598 words)

	Boniface VIII
		to begin a process to determine that Boniface was heretical; that accusation was abandoned, but Clement consented to repudiate such of Boniface's acts as had hurt Philip.
		Boniface, an excellent canon lawyer, planned and promulgated a substantial addition to the existing law, called the
		University of Rome - Rome, University of, at Rome, Italy; founded 1303 by Pope Boniface VIII.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0808251.html (543 words)

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