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	pope clement ii - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		Pope Clement Ii His Holiness Pope Clement II, n Suidger of Morsleben (died October 9, 1047), pope (December 25, 1046 - October 1047), son of Count Konrad of Morsleben and Hornburg and his wife Amulrad.
		All this was met with criticism from church reformers, although Clement's pontificate, starting with the Roman synod of 1047, initiated an improvement on the state of things in the Catholic church, particularly through enacting decrees against simony.
		Clement's tomb in the western choir of the Bamberg Cathedral is the only tomb of a pope north of the Alps.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/pope-clement-ii (214 words)

	Pope Clement VIII
		It was equally clear to Pope Clement that it was his duty to brave the selfish hostility of Spain by acknowledging the legitimate claims of Henry, as soon as he convinced himself that the latter's conversion was something more than a political manoeuvre.
		Henry's friendship was of essential importance to the pope two years later, when Alfonso II, Duke of Ferrara, died childless (27 Oct., 1597), and Pope Clement resolved to bring the stronghold of the Este dynasty under the immediate jurisdiction of the Church.
		Although Clement, in spite of constant fasting, was tortured with gout in feet and hands, his capacity for work was unlimited, and his powerful intellect grasped all the needs of the Church throughout the world.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/c/clement_viii,pope.html (1002 words)

	Pope Clement VIII - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Clement VIII presided at the conferences to determine the questions of grace and free will, controverted between the Jesuits and Dominicans, were commenced under him, but he wisely abstained from pronouncing a decision.
		Clement VIII was as merciless as Pope Sixtus V (1585–90) in crushing brigandage in central Italy and in punishing the lawlessness of the Roman nobility.
		Clement VIII founded the Collegio Clementino for the education of the sons of the richer classes, and augmented the number of national colleges in Rome by opening the Collegio Scozzese for the training of missionaries to Scotland.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Pope_Clement_VIII (1096 words)

	Pope Clement VIII
		Under Clement the publication of the revised edition of the Vulgate, begun by Pope Sixtus V, was finished; the Breviary, Missal and Pontifical received certain corrections; the Index was expanded; the Vatican library enlarged; and the Collegium Clementinum founded.
		Clement was an unblushing nepotist; three of his nephews he made cardinals, and to one of them gradually surrendered the control of affairs.
		Clement died on the 5th of March 1605, and was succeeded by Pope Leo XI.
	www.nndb.com /people/206/000094921 (354 words)

	Clement VII (pope) - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Clement VII (pope) (1478-1534), pope (1523-1534), whose pontificate was marked by an unsuccessful attempt to end the Reformation in Germany and by...
		Pope : antipopes : Clement VII: Clement VII (antipope)
		The title of Pope is given to the bishop of Rome who is the head of the Roman Catholic Church.
	encarta.msn.com /Clement_VII_(pope).html (228 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Clement XIII
		In 1737 he was made cardinal-deacon, and in 1743 Bishop of Padua, where he distinguished himself by his zeal for the formation and sanctification of his clergy, to promote which he held a synod in 1746, and published a very remarkable pastoral on the priestly state.
		Clement did not see his way to refuse a request backed by the king's assurances that he had good grounds for his charges, but he begged that the accused might have a careful trial, and that the innocent might not be included in a punishment they had not deserved.
		The pope's letter was written with exquisite courtesy and consideration, but Pombal pronounced it insulting to his master and returned it to the sender.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04032a.htm (1978 words)

	Pope Clement VII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Clement VII né Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici (1478 - September 25 1534) was pope from 1523 to 1534.
		This pope was an illegitimate son Giuliano de' Medici who was assassinated in the Pazzi Conspiracy against the Medici ; he was thus the nephew of Lorenzo de' Medici and cousin of Pope Leo X.
		Rome was assaulted and sacked on May 6 1527 and Clement who had displayed no resolution in his military than in his conduct was shortly afterwards obliged to surrender together with the castle of Sant' Angelo where he had taken refuge.
	www.freeglossary.com /Pope_Clement_VII (690 words)

	Counter-Reformation Popes
		The feast was transferred to 30 April as an optional Memorial in the universal calendar on 14 February 1969 by Pope Paul VI, and is in Rome and the Vatican kept as an obligatory Memorial.
		His Holiness Pope Clement VIII died on 3 March 1605 in Rome, in the 14th year of his pontificate, at the age of 69-years.
		Pope Urban VIII issued a decree on 10 June 1630 reserving the titles eminentia, eminentissime, and vestra eminentia from that day forward to the use of the Cardinals.
	www.ghg.net /shetler/popes/counterreform.html (1156 words)

	Pope Paul V Summary
		As pope, he often mediated political conflicts and sometimes was at the center of disputes, such as one with Venice in 1606 that almost escalated into a war.
		Pope Paul V was born as Camillo Borghese in Rome, Italy, on September 17, 1550.
		Pope Paul V welcoming the embassy of the Japanese samurai Hasekura Tsunenaga in Rome in 1615.
	www.bookrags.com /Pope_Paul_V (2658 words)

	Pope Clement VIII
		Clement VIII longed to release the control that Spain held over the papacy.
		Pope Sixtus V (1585-1590) had a version of the Bible published in 1590 which he stamped with the papal Bull Aeternus ille decreeing it to be authentic.
		Clement tried to void the penalties by naming his version as Sixtus V Edition; but, future copies were marked as the Clementine Edition.
	www.archelaos.com /popes/details.aspx?id=270 (361 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Additions
		Pope John Paul will not be present at the opening session but he will attend on the morning of October 16, the 25th anniversary of his election in 1978, during which he will sign the post-synodal apostolic exhortation for the 2001 synod held on the theme of the episcopal ministry.
		Pope John Paull II sent a telegram of condolence to the apostolic administrator of that archdiocese, Pedro Nicolás Bermúdez Villamizar, C.I.M., titular bishop of Lamsorti, auxiliary of Caracas.
		The pope sent telegrams of condolence to Francesco Cacucci, archbishop of Baria, and to the sister of the late cardinal, Teresa Colasuonno, and relatives.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/additions-03.htm (5024 words)

	Pope Benedict XIV Summary
		Pope Benedict XIV (1675-1758) was one of the most eminent popes of his century and considered by his contemporaries one of Europe's leading learned minds of the day.
		Popes often gave munificent offices and appointments to nephews in their family; instead the new pope wrote to his nephew and told him not to come to Rome unless invited--and the invitation never came.
		Elsewhere, the pope agreed to reduce the number of holidays of obligation, which some bishops had argued were keeping the poor from working and thus brought hardship to their families.
	www.bookrags.com /Pope_Benedict_XIV (1926 words)

	Pope Clement VI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Clement VI né Pierre Roger (1291 - December 6 1352) pope (1342 -1352) the fourth of the Avignon popes was elected in May 1342.
		Like his immediate predecessors he was devoted France and he further evinced his French sympathies by refusing a solemn invitation return to Rome and by purchasing the of Avignon from Joanna queen of Naples for 80 000 crowns.
		The other chief incidents of his pontificate his disputes with Edward III of England on account of the latter's encroachments ecclesiastical jurisdiction his excommunication of the Emperor Louis of Bavaria his negotiations for reunion with the Eastern Church and the commencement of Cola di Rienzi 's agitation at Rome.
	www.freeglossary.com /Pope_Clement_VI (273 words)

	Pope Clement V
		Clement V, given name Bertrand de Gouth, Roman Catholic Pope from 1305 to 1314, was born of a noble Gascon family about 1264.
		In pursuance of the king's wishes Clement summoned the council of Vienne, which was unable to conclude that the Templars were guilty of heresy.
		The pope abolished the order, however, as it seemed to be in bad repute and had outlived its usefulness.
	www.nndb.com /people/197/000094912 (588 words)

	Catholic Culture : Document Library : The First Holy Years
		Pope Gregory XIII proclaimed the Holy Year 1575 with a bull issued on the Feast of the Ascension and read again on the last Sunday of Advent, a practice which continues today.
		Pope Clement VIII was pontiff during the Holy Year 1600, which, chronicles tell us, had the most massive participation ever of pilgrims.
		Clement VIII was the pilgrim par excellence: not only did he assiduously visit Rome's basilicas—history tells us he fulfilled 60 visits—he personally attended to assisting pilgrims and donated large sums of his personal money to this end.
	www.catholicculture.org /docs/doc_view.cfm?recnum=910 (1803 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of March 3, 1599
		Lieutenant of the auditor of the Apostolic Chamber in the pontificate of Pope Sixtus V (1585-1590).
		He convinced Pope Clement VIII to postpone the publication that approved the decrees of the Council of Trent; and to accept the Edict of Nantes; the alliances of France with Turkey and England; the rigorous measures against the Jesuits; and the annulment of the marriage of King Henri IV and Marguerite de Valois.
		Consecrated, September 8, 1599, at the church of Santa Maria degli Angeli, Rome, by Pope Clement VIII assisted by Cardinal Alfonso Gesualdo, archbishop of Naples and bishop of Ostia e Velletri, by Cardinal Cinzio Aldobrandini, by Cardinal Camillo Borghese, and by Cardinal Bonifacio Bevilacqua.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/bios1599.htm (8683 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Pope Clement VIII
		Reversed the policy of his predecessors by allying with France instead of Spain, which had assumed a dictatorial attitude over the papacy.
		Clement absolved Henry IV of France after his abjuration of Protestantism, and the two became very close.
		Clement was distinguished for his piety, and he worked to instill this in the clergy and charitable institutions of Rome.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/pope0231.htm (67 words)

	FRANCE 1494-1559
		The struggle between Boniface VIII and Philip the Fair is one incident showing the ability of the French crown to resist successfully the claims of the papacy.
		Pope Gregory XIII had a medal struck to commemorate the happy event, and congratulated the king and Queen Mother for their signal contribution to the triumph of Christianity.
		Pope Gregory XIII, in the meantime, issued a bull declaring Henry of Navarre a heretic and, therefore, unable to succeed to the throne, and releasing his vassals from their allegiance.
	vlib.iue.it /carrie/texts/carrie_books/gilbert/17.html (10911 words)

	CLEMENT VIII
		Ippolito Aldobrandini was born in 1536 at Fano.
		Clement forbade dueling, revised the breviary, and found time to encourage the poet Tasso and set on foot many works of art.
		Clement took great interest in this matter, but before it could be settled, he was struck down by apoplexy, March 5, 1605.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp229.htm (513 words)

	Pope Clement I
		In 609, Pope Boniface IV (608-615) had "twenty-eight cartloads of sacred bones" placed under the high alter when he converted the Pantheon into a Christian church.
		In his letter, Clement I argues for a strict order of church authority, where the members are to obey church leaders by "submitting the neck", and those who refuse, are against God.
		The letter isn't signed by Clement I, but rather is written in plural, addressed from the Church at Rome to the Church at Corinth, and appears to be instructing, or warning the Church at Corinth to follow the doctrines as outlined by the Church at Rome.
	www.archelaos.com /popes/details.aspx?id=4 (562 words)

	[No title]
		The Catholic Church, however, denied the use of castrati until 1599 when Pope Clement the VIII came into office and was impressed by the sweetness and flexibility of their voices.
		Previous popes had succeeded, through official declarations, in advancing the decline of the castrati in the theatre and conservatoires.
		Clement XIV is also the pope responsible for allowing women to sing in church choirs and to appear in the theatre.
	www.angelfire.com /wa/tankgirl1/castrati.html (1970 words)

	Pope Joan (Morgana's Observatory)
		Pope Joan is one of the most fascinating, extraordinary characters in Western history -- and one of the least well known.
		Her statue stood undisputed alongside those of the other Popes in the Cathedral of Siena until 1601, when, by command of Pope Clement VIII, it suddenly "metamorphosed" into a bust of Pope Zacharias.
		Hus was condemned for preaching the heretical doctrine that the Pope is fallible.
	www.dreamscape.com /morgana/popejoan.htm (1051 words)

	Antipope Clement VIII - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Clement VIII was one of the antipopes of the Avignon line, reigning from 10 June 1423 to 26 July 1429.
		In the summer of 1423 Alfonso persuaded the Republic of Siena to acknowledge Clement VIII, thus securing recognition for the pope of the Avignon line in the very city, Pavia, which was part of the Republic of Siena, where the Roman pope Martin V had convened an ecumencial council of the Church.
		Clement's abdication on 26 July 1429 was confirmed in mid-August.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Antipope_Clement_VIII (357 words)

	St Peter's - Saint Peter's by James Lees-Milne (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Before taking leave of Pope Sixtus V, we must refer to an event which is a further demonstration of his insuperable ambitions and caused a flutter of admiration throughout Christendom.
		Clement and his companions were so awed by the spectacle that after a confabulation His Holiness forbade the sepulchre to be disturbed further and commanded the aperture to be filled with cement in his presence.
		The conservative Clement, who never so much as contemplated departing an inch from the great master's plan for St Peter's, was followed for a brief interval of less than one month by the last of the Medici popes, Leo XI (1605).
	www.stpetersbasilica.org /Docs/JLM/SaintPeters-9.htm (9753 words)

	The Jubilee in Church History
		Pope Martin V proclaimed a Holy Year twenty-five years later (rather than thirty-three), with a commemorative Medal and the opening of a Holy Door in St. John Lateran.
		Pope Clement XIV announced the Jubilee, but the Holy Door was opened by his successor Pope Pius VI.
		Pope Pius IX did proclaim the next Holy Year, even though the Holy Door was not opened due to the occupation of Rome by King Vittorio Emmanuele.
	www.ewtn.com /jubilee/history/church1.htm (629 words)

	Clement VIII, pope — Infoplease.com
		Henry VIII "my world is law": life in the court of king Henry VIII may have been lavish, but it was far from happy.
		Anne Boleyn, Queen of England: Retha Warnicke unravels the evidence on the rise and fall of Henry VIII's second wife.
		Pope John Paul II and the dignity of the human being.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0812518.html (221 words)

	WHKMLA : History of the Papal State, 1590-1618
		Pope Paul V. soon got in conflict with the Republic of Venice, which passed a number of laws interfering with the authority and liberty of the church.
		The pope demanded the cancellation of these laws; when this was refused, he excommunicated the Doge and declared the ban over the republic (1606).
		Pope Clement VIII.'s court was lavish; he was a nepotist.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/italy/papalstate15901618.html (608 words)

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