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Topic: Pope Eugene III

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September 15

Pope Eugenius III

	Station Information - Pope Eugene III
		Eugene III or Eugenius III was pope from 1145 to 1153.
		During nearly the whole of his pontificate Eugene was unable to reside in Rome.
		Though the citizens of Rome were jealous of the efforts of Eugene to assert his temporal authority, they were always ready to recognize him as their spiritual lord, and they besides deeply reverenced his personal character.
	www.stationinformation.com /encyclopedia/p/po/pope_eugene_iii.html (349 words)

	Pope Alexander III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Frederick Barbarossa submits to the authority of Pope Alexander III (fresco in the Palazzo Pubblico in Siena, by Spinello Aretino).
		On September 7, 1159 he was chosen the successor of Pope Adrian IV, a minority of the cardinals, however, electing the cardinal-priest Octavian, who assumed the name of Victor IV.
		This antipope, and his successors Paschal III (1164-1168) and Callixtus III (1168-1178), had the imperial support; but after the defeat of Legnano, Barbarossa finally (in the peace of Venice, 1177) recognized Alexander as pope.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Alexander_III (473 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Eugene III: Summons to A Crusade, Dec 1, 1154
		Eugene III: Summons to A Crusade, Dec 1, 1154
		In 1146, the Crusade principality of Edessa fell to the resurgent Muslims.
		Bishop Eugene, servant of the servants of God, to his most beloved son in Christ, Louis, the illustrious king of the French, and to his beloved sons, the princes, and to all the faithful ones of God who are established throughout Gaul,-greeting and apostolic benediction.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/eugene3-2cde.html (552 words)

	Pope Eugenius III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		July 8, 1153) was pope from 1145 to 1153.
		A native of Pisa, Pignatelli was elected pope in February 1145.
		The choice had not, however, the approval of Bernard, who remonstrated against the election on account of the "innocence and simplicity" of Eugenius; but after the choice was made he took advantage of the qualities in Eugenius which he objected to, so as to virtually rule in his name.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Eugene_III (390 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Blessed Eugene III
		He was enthroned as Eugene III without delay in St. John Lateran, and since residence in the rebellious city was impossible, the pope and his cardinals fled to the country.
		Whilst Eugene sojourned at Viterbo, Arnold of Brescia, who had been condemned by the Council of 1139 to exile from Italy, ventured to return at the beginning of the new pontificate and threw himself on the clemency of the pope.
		The palaces of the cardinals and of such of the nobility as held with the pope were razed to the ground; churches and monasteries were pillaged; St. Peter's church was turned into an arsenal; and pious pilgrims were plundered and maltreated.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/05599a.htm (1488 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Eugene IV
		OUNCIL OF All efforts to induce Eugene to recall his Bull of dissolution having failed, the council, on 29 April, formally summoned the pope and his cardinals to appear at Basle within three months, or to be punished for contumacy.
		Eugene, in the garb of a monk, and pelted with stones, escaped down the Tiber to Ostia, whence the friendly Florentines conducted him to their city and received him with an ovation.
		Eugene exerted himself to the utmost in rousing the nations of Europe to resist the advances of the Turks.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/05601a.htm (1420 words)

	Chronology of the Middle Ages in Europe
		Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa was quite dismayed at the election of the new pope, regarding it as a victory for the rebellious towns of Northern Italy, and engineered the election of a counter pope, Victor IV.
		Pope Innocent III banned Count Raymond VI of Toulouse (for heresy) and declared King John "Lackland" of England deposed.
		Pope Honorius III crowned King Frederick II of Hohenstaufen (of Germany and Sicily) emperor.
	www.studybuddy.nl /english/contenteur1.html (6477 words)

	November 4: HISTORY (nov4his.htm)
		Pope Eugene III felt that the first had not been properly organized and so he sought not only the military leadership and strength of France and Germany through the coaxing of St. Bernard, but also of South Italy in the person of Roger II of Sicily.
		Eugene planned a huge celebration in the fall of 1152 where the Holy Roman Emperor would be feted and crowned king, but Conrad died in mid February of that year and there would be no celebration.
		Blessed Eugene was laid to rest in St. Peter's next to Pope Gregory III in the shadows of the new Papal Palace construction that Eugene had initiated.
	www.dailycatholic.org /issue/nov4his.htm (1278 words)

	Pope Alexander III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		August 30, 1181), was pope from 1159 to 1181.
		He was born in Siena, and first made his mark as teacher of canon law at the University of Bologna, where he composed the Stroma or the Summa Magistri Rolandi, one of the earliest commentaries on the Decretum Gratiani.
		This antipope, and his successors Paschal III (1164-1168) and Calixtus III (1168-1178), had the imperial support; but after the defeat of Legnano, Barbarossa finally (in the peace of Venice, 1177) recognized Alexander as pope.
	usapedia.com /p/pope-alexander-iii.html (385 words)

	The Ecole Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pope from 1145-1153, the blessed Eugene III was born Bernard Pagnelli di Montemagno and was the first Cistercian pope.
		Eugene sent Nicholas Breakspear (later Adrian IV) to Scandinavia to reorganize the church there; Eugene also negotiated the Treaty of Constance, which laid out the terms by which Frederick Barbarossa would be crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
		Eugene died in 1153 and was beatified in 1872.
	www2.evansville.edu /ecoleweb/glossary/eugeneiii.html (153 words)

	BLESSED EUGENE III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Eugene was a man of real holiness, humble, kindly, and cheerful.
		Eugene had to go to Farfa to be consecrated in peace.
		The Pope was active in promoting the spiritual welfare of the church.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp165.htm (475 words)

	St. Eugene - Saint Eugene
		Eugene was a Bishop, martyr and a companion of St. Dionysius [note: St. Dionysius was converted by Saint Paul (Acts 17:34) and early writers say he became the first bishop of Athens and was martyred (c.
		Eugene was a disciple of St. Ambrose of Milan and deacon at Florence, Italy, under St. Zenobius.
		Eugene, a Roman from the Aventine, was gentle and a holy man who had been a cleric from his youth.
	www.st-eugene-school.com (571 words)

	AllRefer.com - Eugene III (Roman Catholic Popes And Antipopes) - Encyclopedia
		He was prominent among the Cistercians, then in their first flower, and was the friend of St. Bernard of Clairvaux, who wrote De consideratione for him when he became pope.
		Eugene's pontificate was disturbed from the beginning by Arnold of Brescia, whom he ordered to return to Rome in penitence.
		In 1146 the agitation of Arnold and the republicans drove the pope from Rome.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/E/Eugene3.html (244 words)

	The Catholic Pope: Shepherd of Prophecy? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pope Innocent III (1198-1216) asserted explicitly that the Pope is the Vicar of Christ; further defined at the Council of Florence in the Decree for the Greeks (1439) and Vatican Council I in Pastor Aerternus (1870).
		Another of the titles claimed by Roman Catholic popes is "Vicarius Filii Dei," or "Vicar of the Son of God." Those words are on one of the many crowns the popes might wear when dressing up, and are spoken by the cardinal who places the crown on the new pope's head during the coronation ritual.
		Paul VI was the last of the Popes to receive the Triple Tiara, which for centuries symbolized the pope's threefold role as the Servant of the Servants of God.
	www.sxws.com /charis/pope-6.htm (4098 words)

	Archbishop John R. Quinn's Oxford Lecture on Papacy and Collegiality
		When it is completed and in a state which the Pope indicates he could accept, the plan should be presented for a vote to the presidents of episcopal conferences in a meeting held for this purpose and finally presented to the Pope for approval and implementation.
		At this time the Pope in consultation with the episcopal conferences could create an implementation commission to oversee the carrying out of the restructuring and with the mandate to report to the Pope periodically, The work of the commission should be public and its conclusions Should be public.
		A Council is a witness of the unity of the whole Church, of the Bishops with the Pope and the Pope with the Bishops.
	www.usao.edu /~facshaferi/QUINN.HTML (9072 words)

	Eugene III on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Eugene A. Uhl, III, 27, of Amherst, Wisconsin, was killed in Mosul, Iraq, November 15, 2003, when two Blackhawk helicopters collided.
		Daniel H. Case III, brother to American Online founder Steve Case, is pumping money into research to find a cure for cancer.
		Edward J. Brown has been elected president, Eugene H. Gaulin has been elected president-elect, Rhonda B. Marcum has been elected vice president and Willis I. Henderson III has been elected secretary-treasurer of the...
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/E/Eugene3.asp (510 words)

	Arnold of Brescia on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		At the Synod of Sens (1140), dominated by St. Bernard of Clairvaux, Arnold and Abelard were adjudged to be in error.
		Arnold was excommunicated by the pope in 1148 but continued to head the republican city-state even after Eugene III was permitted to reenter Rome.
		When Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I came to Rome, his forces at the pope's request seized Arnold, who was then tried by the Roman Curia as a political rebel (not a heretic) and executed by secular authorities.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/A/ArnoldB1r.asp (406 words)

	Pope Eugene III - Definition up Erdmond.Com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		July_8, 1153) was pope from 1145 to 1153.
		Hardly had he left the city to be consecrated in the monastery of Farfa (about 40k north of Rome), when the citizens, under the influence of Arnold_of_Brescia - the great opponent of the pope's temporal power - established the old Roman constitution, and elected Giordanao to be "patrician".
		The emperor Frederick_Barbarossa had promised to aid him against his revolted subjects, but the death of Eugene at Tivoli, July 8, 1153, prevented the fulfillment of the engagement.
	www.erdmond.com /Pope_Eugene_III.html (381 words)

	ADRIAN IV, pope. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		1159, pope (1154–59), an Englishman (the only English pope), b.
		Pope Eugene III made him cardinal bishop of Albano and sent him to Scandinavia to organize the church.
		The historicity of Adrian’s donation of Ireland, as a papal fief, to Henry II of England is the subject of scholarly dispute.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/ad/Adrian4.html (185 words)

	Saints of July 8
		He opposed the aristocratic faction in Rome led by Formosus, bishop of Porto, had George of the Aventine, a member of the Formosan group and notorious for several murders he committed, tried, condemned, and blinded, and had a widow of one of the opposing nobility whipped naked through the streets of Rome.
		Eugene moved to Viterbo and then returned to Rome under a truce, which the rebels immediately broke, pillaging churches and turning Saint Peter's into an armory.
		Eugene held synods at Paris and Trier in 1147 and the following year at Rheims, where he condemned Gilbert de la Porree, and at Cremona, where he excommunicated Arnold and threatened to use force against the Roman rebels.
	www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0708.htm (3459 words)

	Blessed Eugene III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		At about the same time there were difficulties with Conrad III similar to the problems with his successor Frederic I, Barberossa.
		It seems that St. Bernard wrote the treatise “On Consideration” for Eugene in which Saint Bernard sets forth the demands for being a Pope.
		Eugene had been buried in the Basilica of Saint Peter, near the altar of the Virgin Mary, in the choir of the Canons, where Pope Gregory III was also interred.
	www.ocso.org /net/beatoeugenio3-en.htm (696 words)

	Today in History - December 1
		It was written in response to the fall of the crusader outpost Edessa (in modern southeast Turkey) to the Turks the previous year.
		He was made a cardinal in 1488 and was pope from 1513 to 1521.
		The pope's successor, Clement XIV, formally suppressed the Society of Jesus in 1767, but it was restored again by Pius VII in 1814.
	chi.lcms.org /history/tih1201.htm (1500 words)

	Barbarossa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He promised to assist the pope against Arnold of Brescia and the Normans in Sicily.
		He thought it meant that the pope was claiming his land as a papal fief.
		He prepared to attack the pope's Sicilian armies, but the armies were instead killed by an epidemic.
	www.worldhistory.com /barbarossa.htm (317 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Lucius III
		Under Eugene III he was sent as legate to Sicily and on 1 January, 1159, he became Bishop of Ostia and Velletri.
		When after the death of Bishop Arnold of Trier a double election ensued, the pope firmly refused to give his approbation to Volkmar, the candidate of the minority, although the emperor had already invested him at Constance.
		Neither did Lucius III yield to the emperor who demanded that the German bishops, unlawfully appointed by the antipopes during the pontificate of Alexander III, should be reconsecrated and retain their sees.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/09412b.htm (583 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: Pope Blessed Eugene III; Bernardo Pignatelli; Bernardo Paganelli (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pope Blessed Eugene III; Bernardo Pignatelli; Bernardo Paganelli
		A Cistercian, Abbot of Tre Fontane, he was elected pope and forced to take up his residence at Viterbo, due to the violence of the Roman mob.
		This however was adhered to for only a short time and Eugene was forced to flee to France, where he directed the Second Crusade and convened important synods to discipline the clergy, propagate the faith, and encourage learning.
	www.catholic-forum.com /Saints/ncd03113.htm (148 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Blessed Eugene III
		Chosen unanimously at the college of cardinals that met the day of his predecessor's funeral; the cardinals wanted a quick election to prevent the interference of secular authorities.
		In 1146, the agitation of Arnold of Brescia and the republicans drove the pope from Rome.
		In exile in 1146-1149 and 1150-1152, Eugene worked to reform clerical discipline.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/sainte33.htm (85 words)

	De doctrina privilegiorum 1 (translation) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		But a privilege is more properly called that which is established by the pope or by the emperor.
		Above the arms of the wheel's cross should be written the names of the apostles 'saint Peter, saint Paul' and under the arms of the cross should be written the lord pope's name, thus: 'pope Eugene III' or whatever the name of the pope shall have been.
		during the residence of pope Eugene III and the papal curia in France), lightly reworked ca.
	dobc.unipv.it /scrineum/wight/bn1.htm (1474 words)

	November 11: HISTORY (nov11his.htm)
		The turmoil of prior pontificates was put to rest with the election of Pope Anastasius IV, a Roman by birth who's gentle character and great popularity among his own people proved fruitful in bringing all factions to the peace table, resulting in docile compromises.
		The death of Pope Blessed Eugene III caused the cardinals to once again convene in conclave, this time in Rome, free of the terror of the Roman families.
		While Innocent was in exile, Corrado remained in Rome, performing the duties of the Pope in Innocent's absence and with the latter's blessing.
	www.dailycatholic.org /issue/nov11his.htm (624 words)

	St. Bernard Roman Catholic Church, Springfield, OH - Our Patron Saint
		Bernard soon became involved in matters outside the monastery as his reputation for learning and wisdom spread, and he soon was one of the most powerful influences in Europe, consulted by rulers and Popes.
		He supported the legitimacy of Pope Innocent II's election in 1130 against the claims of antipope Anacletus II and successfully led the struggle that led to Innocents's acceptance as Pope.
		He roused all of Europe to the Second Crusade, headed by Emperor Conrad III and Louis VII of France, which was to end in disaster - a fate he blamed on the wickedness and lack of dedication of the crusaders.
	www.stbernard-springfield.org /patron.html (637 words)

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