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Topic: Pope Gregory IX

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	Pope Gregory IX - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gregory IX began his pontificate by suspending the Emperor, then lying sick at Otranto, for dilatoriness in carrying out the promised Sixth Crusade.
		Gregory IX and Hohenstaufen came to a truce, but when Frederick II defeated the Lombard League in 1239, the possibility that he might dominate all of Italy, surrounding the Papal States, became a very real threat.
		Gregory IX denounced Frederick II as a heretic and summoned a council at Rome to give point to his anathema, at which Frederick II attempted to capture or sink as many ships carrying prelates to the synod as he could.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Gregory_IX (651 words)

	inquisition history
		He was the first of the Popes, however, to rely extensively upon the secular arm in the repression of heresy and was therefore the first to discover, as one of his biographers remarks, how difficult it is to call back the hounds of violence once they are unleashed.
		Pope Gregory IX was opposed to torture, but Innocent IV approved its use for the discovery of heresy, and Urban IV confirmed this usage, which like the death penalty for heresy, had its origin in the Roman Law.
		Pope Sixtus IV approved the Spanish Inquisition, because he was under the impression that an ecclesiastical Inquisition was to be established; when the true state of the case was brought to his knowledge, it was too late; all that he and his successors could do was to protest against its excesses.
	biblia.com /islam/inquisit..htm (2427 words)

	Pope Gregory IX
		Pope Gregory IX Gregory IX, pope from 1227 to 1241, the successor of Honorius III, fully inherited the traditions of Gregory VII and of his uncle Innocent III, and zealously gave himself up to the perpetuation of their policy.
		A new outbreak of hostility led to a fresh excommunication of the emperor in 1239, and to a prolonged war which was only terminated by the death of Gregory on August 22, 1241.
		This pope, who was a remarkably skilful and learned lawyer, caused to be prepared in 1234 the well known Nova Compilatio Decretalium, printed at Mainz in 1473.
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/p/po/pope_gregory_ix.html (338 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Gregory IX
		In order to prove to the Christian world that the pope was too hasty in placing him under the ban, the emperor resolved to proceed to the Holy Land and embarked from Brindial with a small army on 28 June, 1228, having previously asked the blessing of Gregory IX upon his enterprise.
		Gregory IX distrusted the advances of the emperor, especially since Rainald, the imperial Governor of Spoleto, had invaded the Pontifical States during the emperor's absence.
		Cardinal Otto of San Nicolo, whom Gregory IX had sent to Germany to publish the emperor's excommunication, was entirely unsuccessful, because Frederick's son Henry, his representative in Germany, forbade the bishops and abbots to appear at the synods which the cardinal attempted to convene.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06796a.htm (3001 words)

	Statutes of Gregory IX for the University of Paris 1231
		Statutes of Gregory IX for the University of Paris 1231
		The statutes of Gregory IX marked a significant stage in the University's rise.
		Gregory, the bishop, servant of the servants of God, to his beloved sons, all the masters and students of Paris - greeting and apostolic benediction.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/UParis-stats1231.html (904 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Gregory the Great
		Gregory's father was Gordianus, a wealthy patrician, probably of the famous gens Amicia, who owned large estates in Sicily and a mansion on the Caelian Hill in Rome, the ruins of which, apparently in a wonderful state of preservation, still await excavation beneath the Church of St. Andrew and St. Gregory.
		Gregory's mind and memory were both exceptionally receptive, and it is to the effect produced on him by these disasters that we must attribute the tinge of sadness which pervades his writings and especially his clear expectation of a speedy end to the world.
		Gregory of Tours tells us that in grammar, rhetoric and dialectic he was so skilful as to be thought second to none in all Rome, and it seems certain also that he must have gone through a course of legal studies.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06780a.htm (7836 words)

	Biography – Pope Gregory IX – The Papal Library
		Pope Gregory addressed this collection to the doctors and scholars of Bologna, by a letter in which he said that he had published in one book the constitutions of his predecessors, previously dispersed through many volumes, and that he had done this to avoid the confusion arising from their resemblance and their apparent contradiction.
		Gregory addressed a letter to several prelates, in which he said that the crusaders ought to war against the infidels in the fear of God, purity of heart, and charity; and that, although our Lord excludes no one from baptism, he shows mercy to whom he will.
		The pope received a letter from Philip, prior of the Dominicans in the Holy Land, in which he said that "the patriarch of the Jacobites, a man venerable for age, knowledge, and virtue, came this year (1237) to pray at Jerusalem, with a numerous attendance of bishops and monks of his nation.
	www.saint-mike.org /papal-library/GregoryIX/biography.html (3952 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Pope Gregory IX
		Gregory supported the Dominicans, and conducted the funeral services for Saint Dominic.
		Established the Monastic Inquisition in April 1233, appointing Dominicans to investigate accusations of heresy in France.
		Gregory appointed fourteen cardinals during his papacy including the men who would later be Pope Innocent IV and Pope Alexander IV.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/pope0178.htm (480 words)

	Historical Overview of the Inquisition
		However, the repression of heresy remained unorganized, and with the large scale heresies in the 11th and 12th centuries, Pope Gregory IX instituted the papal inquisition in 1231 for the apprehension and trial of heretics.
		Pope Gregory's original intent for the Inquisition was a court of exception to inquire into and glean the beliefs of those differing from Catholic teaching, and to instruct them in the orthodox doctrine.
		Pope Sixtus tried to establish harmony between the inquisitors and the ordinaries, but was unable to maintain control of the desires of Ki ng Ferdinand V and Queen Isablella.
	es.rice.edu /newgalileo/lib/student_work/trial96/loftis/overview.html (852 words)

	Gregory IX: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gregory ordered the first complete and authoritative collection of papal decretals, the Corpus Iuris Canonici, which remained a fundamental source of canon law until the promulagtion of the Codex Iuris Canonici in 1917.
		Gregory IX organized (1233) the Inquisition and gave special responsibility for it to the Dominicans.
		Pope Gregory IX opened proceedings to canonize her in 1233, but the process was never concluded.
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/gregory_ix.jsp (1699 words)

	Sly's Thirteenth Century TimeLine
		Pope Innocent III starts negotiating with Philip II of France to attack England, and closes down all the churches in England.
		Pope Innocent III proclaims a Crusade against the Albigenses (a religious sect) in Southern France.
		Louis IX of France and the crusaders capture the Egyptian seaport of Damiette.
	www.edwardsly.com /1200-99.html (1628 words)

	Medieval Inquisition
		Pope Gregory IX in 1231 instituted the papal Inquisition for the apprehension and trial of heretics.
		Soon after the Inquisition was instituted, Pope Innocent IV, influenced by the revival of Roman law, issued a decree (in 1252) that called on civil magistrates to have persons accused of heresy tortured to elicit confessions against themselves and others; this was probably the earliest instance of ecclesiastical sanction of this mode of examination.
		Gregory ordered the archbishop to imprison Wyclif in bonds until the papal court would pass final sentence, whereupon the vice-chancellor of Oxford, where Wyclif was employed, consigned him to Black Hall under nominal imprisonment, giving an appearance of complying with the papal order.
	jmgainor.homestead.com /files/PU/Inq/mi.htm (4470 words)

	Keeping Catholics Catholic Page XXV-The Timeline-The Thirteenth Century
		Pope Innocent III called upon the King of France, Philip II, to be Suzerain of the Country of Toulouse, to use force.
		Pope Gregory IX was furious that an excommunicant led this Crusade.
		Pope Gregory IX excommunicates the rebel son of Emperor Frederick II, Henry.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Ithaca/6461/13cent.html (3609 words)

	Pope Pius IX
		Pope Pius IX Beatification and canonization in the Church involve judgments of sanctity on the merits and holiness of an individual’s life.
		Though Pope John XXIII himself spoke well of Pius IX and reinvigorated the investigation of his possible canonization, [2] the popular portrait of his papacy has him as a diehard reactionary adverse to the modern world.
		The future Pope Pius IX was born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti in Senagallia in the Papal States, the ninth child of a minor count in 1792.
	www.catholiceducation.org /links/jump.cgi?ID=1722 (11731 words)

	MS1, Detailed Description in Table Format, Syracuse University Library, Dept. of Special Collections
		The Decretal letter of Pope Nicholas III (1277-1280) dated 1278 and added to front flyleaf suggests that the main text was written before the date of that letter.
		The miniature of the pope hearing a petition (A-f.79r, P-f.78r) depicts a tonsured figure kneeling before the seated pope and a bishop handing a scroll to the pope.
		Because the folio for the beginnning of the Decratals of Gregory IX is missing, an illumination may also be missing.
	libwww.syr.edu /digital/collections/m/MedievalManuscripts/ms01/table01.htm (1139 words)

	GENUKI: Popes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pope Gregory was pious and charitable; had lofty notions of the papal authority, was a reformer of the clerical discipline, and after his death was canonized.
		He is, however, accused, but on slight and doubtful evidence, of burning a multitude of the works of ancient authors, lest attention to heathen literature should supersede the monkish and ecclesiastical studies of the age.
		In 1229 Gregory levied a tithe on all moveables in England towards the expenses of his war with Frederick.
	www.genuki.org.uk /big/royalty/pope.html (333 words)

	Gregory IX -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Gregory promulgated the Decretals in 1234, a code of canon law that remained the fundamental source of ecclesiastical law for the Catholic Church until after World War I. Ugo, nephew of Pope Innocent…
		Gregory promulgated the Decretals in 1234, a code of canon law that remained the fundamental source of ecclesiastical law for the Catholic Church until after World War I. Innocent IX
		The reign of Leo IX is memorable for two reasons: the extensive reforms he implemented within the church and his forceful support of papal supremacy, which led to a formal break with the Eastern Orthodox church in 1054.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9038027 (669 words)

	Franciscan Sanctuaries - Assisi
		Gregory IX declared it "caput et mater" (head and mother) of the Order of Minors in 1230.
		Pope Benedict XIV declared the church a Patriarchal Basilica and Papal Chapel on 25 March 1754 with the Constitution "Fidelis Dominus".
		On 18 January 1978 Pope Paul VI authorised the Minister General of the Friars Minor Conventuals to proceed with the reopening of the tomb and scientific study of the remains of St. Francis.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/ofm/fra/FRAsan04.html (1531 words)

	Frederick II, Stupor Mundi
		Gregory was already at odds with Frederick II over the Pope's claim to supremacy in Sicily.
		In fact, Gregory had previously attempted unsuccessfully to enforce his claims by dispatching an invading army while Frederick was away in the Holy Land on Crusade.
		Later, with Frederick II's son Manfred on the throne of Sicily, Pope Clement IV found the key for a major victory.
	www.boglewood.com /sicily/frederick2.html (437 words)

	Saint Patrick's Church: Saints of September 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gregory's later determination (as pope) to free monks from episcopal control was definitely contrary to tradition.
		Gregory, however, in the Lateran Council of 601, cause a decree to be issued to all bishops exempting monks from their authority.
		Gregory remained in his monastery about three years and then was ordained by Pope Pelagius II as one of the seven deacons of Rome in 578.
	www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0903.htm (4754 words)

	The Ecole Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The reign of Gregory IX (1227-1241) was marked by conflict between the pope and Emperor Frederick II.
		The nephew of Innocent III, Ugolino de Segni was born in Agnani and studied at Paris.
		Although Frederick led the Fifth Crusade (1228-1229), the pope was reluctant to reconcile with the emperor and readmit him to communion.
	www2.evansville.edu /ecoleweb/glossary/gregoryix.html (168 words)

	1200 - 1300
		Pope Innocent IV deposes of Emperor Frederick II.
		Louis IX of France signs the Treaty of Corbeil, relinquishing to the kingdom of Aragón all French claims to Barcelona and Roussillon, in return for which the Aragonese renounced their claims to parts of Provence and Languedoc.
		A judgement called Mise of Amiens is passed by Louis IX, King of France, who is called into arbitrate between Henry III and the barons.
	www.medievaltymes.com /courtyard/1200_-_1299.htm (1795 words)

	Pope Gregory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pope Gregory I, also called Gregory the Great
		Pope Gregory XIII, responsible for the Gregorian calendar.
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Gregory (100 words)

	Bull of Pope Gregory IX and Pope Leo XIII
		The Bull of Pope Gregory IX on the Canonization of St. Francis of Assisi
		Amongst others, King Louis IX., of France, and St. Elizabeth of Hungary, sought this honor; and, in the course of centuries, several Sovereign Pontiffs, Cardinals, Bishops, Kings, and Princes have not deemed the Franciscan badges derogatory to their dignity.
		More than this, Our Predecessor, Gregory IX., publicly praised their faith and courage; nor did he hesitate to shelter them with his authority, and to call them, as a mark of honor, "Soldiers of Christ, new Maccabees;" and deservedly so.
	www.franciscan-sfo.org /bulls.htm (3884 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Pope Saint Gregory VII
		Gregory took the throne as a reformer, and Emperor Henry IV promised to support him.
		Gregory responded by excommunicating anyone involved in lay investiture.
		The Pope retreated to Salerno where he spent the remainder of his papacy.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/saintg09.htm (229 words)

	Pope Gregory IX
		Gregory IX, born Ugolino Conti de Segni, Roman Catholic Pope from the 19th of March 1227, to the 22nd of August 1241, was a nobleman of Anagni and probably a nephew of Pope Innocent III.
		Gregory was famed for his learning and eloquence, his blameless life, and his great strength of character.
		He died on the 22nd of August 1241, while Frederick II was advancing against him, and was succeeded by Pope Celestine IV.
	www.nndb.com /people/118/000094833 (423 words)

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