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	Pope Gregory V - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Politically Gregory V acted consistently as the Emperor's representative in Rome and granted many exceptional privileges to monasteries within the Holy Roman Empire.
		Until the council of Pavia (997) Gregory V had a rival in the person of the antipope John XVI (997–998), whom Crescentius II and the nobles of Rome had chosen, in revolt against the will of the youthful Emperor Otto III, the Pope's cousin.
		Gregory V died suddenly, and not without suspicion of foul play, on February 18, 999.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Gregory_V (430 words)

	Biography – Pope Gregory V – The Papal Library
		Gregory V was originally named Bruno; he was the third son of Otho, Duke of Franconia, Marquis of Verona, and related to Otho III, King of Germany.
		Other annalists deem the princes of Germany authors of the method of election; others attribute it to Gregory X, some to Gregory V (and this is the opinion of Bellarmine); and others, again, attribute it partly to Gregory V, partly to Otho III, and in part to the German princes.
		The great erudition of Gregory V, his abundant alms, his virtues, and the qualities of both his heart and his talent, obtained for him the name of Gregorio Minore, Gregory the Less; though doubtless that surname was more frequently bestowed upon him in Germany than in the city of Rome, whose privileges he had attacked.
	www.saint-mike.org /Papal-Library/GregoryV/biography.html (719 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Gregory XIII
		Thus Gregory XIII at least partly restored the old faith in England and the northern countries of Europe, supplied the Catholics in those countries with their necessary priests, and introduced Christianity into the pagan countries of Eastern Asia.
		In 1581, Gregory XIII dispatched the Jesuit Antonio Possevino as nuncio to Russia, to mediate between Tsar Ivan IV and King Bathory of Poland.
		But even if Gregory XIII was aware of all the circumstances of the massacre (which has never been proven), it must be borne in mind that he did not rejoice at the bloodshed, but at the suppression of a political and religious rebellion.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/07001b.htm (2534 words)

	Pope Gregory V
		Crescentius did not stop here, but caused an antipope to be proclaimed in the person of the crafty Italo-Greek John Philagathus of Rossano, who had artfully made a position for himself at the court of the Ottos and now took the title of John XVI (997).
		At a synod which Gregory had ordered to meet at Pavia, not only were Crescentius and his antipope anathematized, but King Robert of France was threatened with excommunication if he did not put away Bertha whom he had married though she was related to him not only by spiritual relationship but by blood.
		Gregory V was buried in St. Peter's "in front of the sacristy, i.e.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/g/gregory_v,pope.html (729 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Gregory the Great
		Gregory's father was Gordianus, a wealthy patrician, probably of the famous gens Amicia, who owned large estates in Sicily and a mansion on the Caelian Hill in Rome, the ruins of which, apparently in a wonderful state of preservation, still await excavation beneath the Church of St. Andrew and St. Gregory.
		Gregory's mind and memory were both exceptionally receptive, and it is to the effect produced on him by these disasters that we must attribute the tinge of sadness which pervades his writings and especially his clear expectation of a speedy end to the world.
		Gregory of Tours tells us that in grammar, rhetoric and dialectic he was so skilful as to be thought second to none in all Rome, and it seems certain also that he must have gone through a course of legal studies.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06780a.htm (7836 words)

	The Gnostic Science of Alchemy Chapter Ten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pope John XIII, one of the few Popes of the period who seemed sincere and managed to die of old age instead of assassination, was so impressed by Gerbert's erudition that he recommended him to the up and coming world political power, Otto I, Emperor of the Roman West, and the Charlemagne of Germany.
		Gregory V died suddenly the next year, 999, and it was inevitable that Gerbert would succeed him.
		Pope Sylvester's Chroniclers, we are told in a 12th century Papal sermon by John XIX (a Roman mafia pawn), disappeared without accomplishing anything, except to serve as vassals of the Caliph.
	www.sangraal.com /library/gsa10.html (6650 words)

	Pope Betting \| Next Pope Odds \| Pope Election
		The reason Popes began choosing a Papal name was because when a man named Mercurius was elected Pope it was considered unacceptable for a vicar of Jesus Christ to bear the name of a Pagan God, and so he chose the name John.
		Pope John Paul II was the first non Italian to lead the Church in 455 years.
		Pope Boniface II was the first Pope with German heritage (although not born in Germany).
	www.popebetting.com /pope-history.htm (354 words)

	Gregory V (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He took the name Gregory V. The first German pope was a young man in his twenties.
		Gregory held a Council which deposed John from his rank as a priest.
		The great religious reform of the coming century was to be powered by monks, and Gregory V did his part in preparing for it by favoring these spiritual champions against bishops, all too often mixed up in worldly and political matters.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp139.htm (477 words)

	Do Unto Others Project-Church of the Science of God (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A great-grandson of Charlemagne is crowned Emperor by the Pope in 915.
		Pope John XII appeals to Otto to restore order to the peninsula and to assist him against his adversaries In 961 Otto sweeps into Italy and defeats the enemies of the Pope Pope John recognizes Otto’s position in Europe by crowning him Holy Roman Ernperor on February 2, 962.
		A stern idealist, Gregory is determined to subordinate the authority of the Emperor to that of the Pope.
	www.dountoothers.org /churchhistorypart5.html (3213 words)

	Pope Gregory V (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gregory V, Brun Von Kärnten, or Bruno of Carinthia, Roman Catholic Pope from 996 to 999, a great-grandsor of the emperor Otto the Great, succeeded Pope John XV when only twenty-four years of age.
		The most memorable acts of his pontificate were those arising out of the contumacy of the French king, Robert II, who was ultimately brought to submission by the rigorous infliction of a sentence of excommunication.
		Gregory died suddenly, and not without suspicion of foul play, on the 18th of February 999.
	www.nndb.com /people/115/000094830 (164 words)

	History of the Mass (9histort.htm)
		Gregory had been a holy sovereign pontiff and the first pope who hailed from west of the Alps.
		The irony is that the new Pope, a layman by the name of Theophylact was, in actuality, a descendant of the nefarious Theophylact family which had ruined so many pontificates during their half century reign in the 900's.
		No sooner was Benedict enthroned than the survivors of Crescentius elevated their own candidate as Pope Gregory VI Benedict, ensconced in the Lateran, waged war on Gregory and the Crescentians penetrating their mountain strongholds where his troops crushed them led by Benedict's brother Romanus who would succeed Benedict as supreme pontiff.
	www.dailycatholic.org /9histort.htm (2288 words)

	Pope St. Gregory the Great
		Gregory gave much of his time to lecturing on the Holy Scriptures and is recorded to have expounded to his monks the Heptateuch, Books of Kings, the Prophets, the Book of Proverbs, and the Canticle of V+Canticles.
		In Epp., V, xxxix, Gregory refers to himself as "the paymaster of the Lombards", and most likely a large payment from the papal treasury was the chief inducement to raise the seige.
		The system of appeals to Rome was firmly established, and the pope is found to veto or confirm the decrees of synods, to annul the decisions of patricarchs, and inflict punishment on ecclesiastical dignitaries precisely as he thinks right.
	www.ewtn.com /library/MARY/CEGREGRY.HTM (7909 words)

	Saint Patrick's Church: Saints of February 11
		The 89th pope, Saint Gregory, became involved in church affairs in his youth, was educated at the Lateran, became a subdeacon under Pope Saint Sergius, served as treasurer and librarian of the Church under four popes, and became widely known for his learning and wisdom.
		Gregory opposed Leo's illegal taxation on the Italians, and counseled against the planned revolt of Italy against Byzantium and the election of an emperor in opposition to Leo.
		Pope Saint Julius I, he returned to Adrianople, but refused to be in communion with the Arian bishops condemned at Sardica.
	www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0211.htm (3526 words)

	Gregory V (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Brun von Kärnten (English Bruno of Carinthia) became the first German pope, from 996 to 999, whose pontificate was among the most turbulent in history.
		When Otto was called back to Germany, a powerful noble named Crescentius II stirred a revolt in Rome that forced Gregory to flee (autumn of 996) and installed John XVI as antipope (997).
		When Otto returned (998), a reign of terror ensued: John was deposed and mutilated, Crescentius was executed, and Gregory V was reinstated as pope (998).
	www.orbilat.com /Encyclopaedia/G/Gregory_V.html (154 words)

	Pope Sixtus V (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sixtus V, né Felice Peretti (December 13, 1521 - August 27, 1590) was pope from 1585 to 1590.
		During the pontificate of Gregory XIII the Cardinal Montalto, as he was generally called, lived in retirement, occupied with the care of his villa erected by Domenico Fontana on the Esquiline Hill, overlooking the Baths of Diocletian.
		The pope's negotiations with Henry's representative evoked a bitter and menacing protest and a categorical demand for the performance of promises.
	pope-sixtus-v.iqnaut.net (1135 words)

	Pope Gregory XV
		Gregory XV, born Alessandro Ludovisi, was born on the 9th of January 1554 in Bologna, where he also studied and taught.
		He was made archbishop of his native place and cardinal by Pope Paul V, whom he succeeded as pope on the 9th of February 1621.
		Gregory founded the Congregation of the Propaganda, encouraged missions, fixed the order to be observed in conclaves, and canonized St.
	www.nndb.com /people/134/000094849 (165 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: Pope Gregory V (Bruno) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Born c.970 in Carinthia as Bruno; died Rome, Italy.
		When Otto left Rome, Gregory was expelled by a man he had befriended, Crescentius Numentanus, who named an antipope, John Philagathus; the latter was degraded and exiled to Germany, while Crescentius was hanged.
		In the dispute between Arnulf and Gerbert concerning the See of Rheims, Gregory upheld the former, but subsequently appointed Gerbert to Ravenna.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/ncd03725.htm (64 words)

	Keeping Catholics Catholic Page XXV-The Timeline-The TENTH Century (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He was a Roman of aristocratic birth and served as Deacon under Pope Stephen V. Pope Sergius III was a Roman from a Noble family.
		Pope John X sent his Legates to the East where they were successful in restoring unity that had been severed 912 when the Pope sanctioned Leo IV's fourth marriage.
		Pope Gregory V excommunicated King Robert II, The Pious, of France for refusing to give up Bertha, his cousin he uncanonically married.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Ithaca/6461/10cent.html (2369 words)

	Sylvester II
		He joined Holy Roman Emperor Otto III as his teacher and went with him to Italy, where Pope Gregory V made him archbishop of Ravenna.
		As pope, Sylvester aided energetically in the Christianization of Poland and Hungary and worked closely with Otto in the restoration of the Holy Roman Empire.
		Sylvester was the first French pope, and of the popes of the 10th cent.
	www.orbilat.com /Encyclopaedia/S/Sylvester_II.html (159 words)

	Pope Gregory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pope Gregory has been the name of sixteen Roman Catholic Popes:
		Pope Gregory I, also called Gregory the Great
		Pope Gregory XIII, responsible for the Gregorian calendar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Gregory (100 words)

	Gregory V -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Paschal II (originally Raniero) (died 1118), pope 1099–1118; continued First Crusade and the reforms of Pope Gregory VII; embroiled in Investiture Controversy, struggle over whether popes or secular rulers should appoint bishops; fought bitterly with Holy Roman Emperor Henry V; concessions made to Henry enraged bishops; privilege of investiture was granted, then later revoked; issue...
		His conflict with Pope Gregory VII over which of them could appoint high clergy was not resolved until 1122 at the Concordat of Worms, during the reign of Henry's son, Henry V. Great Western Schism
		Pope Gregory VII's second excommunication of King Henry V in 1080, one of the episodes in the Investiture Controversy.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9038021 (612 words)

	Pope Gregory I
		Pope Saint Gregory I or Gregory the Great (called the Dialogist in Eastern Orthodoxy) (c.
		Gregory's chief acts as Pope include his role in the schism of the Three Chapters, and sending Augustine of Canterbury to convert the Anglo-Saxons in Britain.
		Before his pontificate, the Pope was regarded as the foremost among other high-ranking ecclesiasts, but without any jurisdiction outside his own diocese.
	www.kiwipedia.com /pope-gregory-i.html (329 words)

	Medsoc
		Pope Gregory V (Bruno von Kaernten, 972 - 999; cousin to Otto III)
		Otto III and Pope Gregory V sent a prelate into the dungeons of the Mausoleum of Hadrian, known as the Castell Saint' Angelo.
		Marozia of the powerful Theophylact family, at the age of 15 was the mistress of Pope Sergius III (904-911), proudly presenting him with an illegitimate son, who later became Pope John XI at the age of twenty.
	www.icon.co.za /~cschutte/Medieval_Society_HTML_Final.htm (6072 words)

	TIMELINE TO 1000 CE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pope Leo the Great 440-461 claims supreme and universal authority for pope.
		Gregory the Great 1st monk to become Pope, 590, and virtual civil ruler of Rome as well.
		Became Pope at age 18, was most corrupt pope in history.
	www.unca.edu /classics/rohancart/medievalart/timeline_to_1000_ce.htm (216 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Creations of Cardinals of the X Century
		Leo V was elected pope in August 903.
		Like Pope Leo V, some authors say that he spent the rest of his life in a monastery and others say that he was murdered.
		Imprisoned and strangled Pope Benedict VI in 974, took his place in June or July 973 under the name of Boniface VII and was deposed in August.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/consistories-x.htm (2447 words)

	JOHN XVII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		There had indeed been a man who called himself John XVI, but he was John Philagathus the unfortunate antipope set up by Crescentius II against Pope Gregory V. John XVII, therefore, should have been called John XVI.
		The reason why John Sicco, who became Pope Sylvester's successor, was called John XVII is not hard to guess.
		Crescentius III dominated the papacy during this period and carried matters with so high a hand that by one chronicle he is called "the destroyer of the apostolic see." This however, was probably because he usurped the popes' temporal power.
	www.cfpeople.org /books/pope/POPEp141.htm (254 words)

	Upto11.net - Wikipedia Article for 996 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		May 3 - Twenty-four year old Bruno of Carinthia, grandson of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor and first cousin of Otto III, is elected Pope Gregory V.
		May 21 - Sixteen year old Otto III is crowned Holy Roman Emperor by his cousin Pope Gregory V.
		October 24 - Hugh Capet, King of France dies and is succeeded by his son Robert II of France.
	www.upto11.net /generic_wiki.php?q=996 (208 words)

	Robert II "the Pious" "King of France"
		Robert, despite marital problems that saw him temporarily excommunicated by Pope Gregory V, was a very devout Roman Catholic, hence the name Robert the Pious.
		Because she was his cousin, Pope Gregory V would not sanction the marriage and Robert was excommunicated.
		In 997 the German Pope Gregory V, who had been driven out of Rome by Crescentius II, convened a synod at Pavia with no one from France that suspended all bishops who had deposed Arnulf, and he also summoned Robert to account for his incestuous marriage or face excommunication.
	homepage.mac.com /james_keller/PS35/PS35_177.HTML (708 words)

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