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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Pope Leo VII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Saint Victor I was Pope from 189 to 199 (the Vatican cites 186 or 189 to 197 or 201).
		John IV was a native of Dalmatia, and the son of the scholasticus (advocate) Venantius.
		John VIII was pope from 872 to 882.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pope-Leo-VII (5670 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Pope John XI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Pope John XI was the son of Marozia and Alberic.
		Pope John XI John XI, pope from 931 to 935, was the son of Marozia and the reputed son of Sergius III.
		John XI is called the son of Pope Sergius III by the "Liber Pontificalis;" but as has been mentioned in the biography of Sergius III, this is not at all certain.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pope-John-XI (1358 words)

	f. The Papacy and Italy. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		The nadir of the papacy (the “pornocracy”): the landed aristocracy of Rome, under the leadership of the senator Theophylact, his wife, Theodora, and his daughter Marozia (mistress of Pope Sergius III and mother of Sergius's son John, later Pope John XI), dominated the curia.
		Pope Leo VIII was expelled by the Romans shortly after his election, and Benedict V was elected (964) by the Romans without imperial consent.
		Pope John XIII (elected with imperial cooperation) was soon expelled by the Romans, and Otto, after a terrible vengeance on Rome, restored him.
	www.bartleby.com /67/465.html (618 words)

	Pope
		Historically the official residence of the pope was the Lateran Palace, donated by the Roman Emperor Constantinus I.
		The use of the sedia gestatoria and of the flabella was discontinued by Pope John Paul II, with the former being replaced by the so-called Popemobile.
		Pope John Paul II abolished vote by acclamation and by selection by committee, and henceforth all popes will be elected by full vote of the Sacred College of Cardinals by ballot.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/p/po/pope.html (4473 words)

	Pope Sergius III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He was his faction's unsuccessful candidate for the papacy in 896; when Pope John IX (898–900) was elected instead, he excommunicated Sergius III, who had to withdraw from his see at Cerveteri for safety.
		Elected Pope in 897, Sergius III was forcibly exiled by Lambert, duke of Spoleto, and all the official records were destroyed; consequently most of the surviving documentation about Sergius comes from his opponents.
		Sergius III honoured pope Stephen VI (896–897), who had been responsible for the infamous "Cadaver Synod" that had condemned and mutilated the corpse of Pope Formosus, and placed a laudatory remark on Stephen VI's tombstone.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Sergius_III (456 words)

	Pope Pius XII - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pope Pius XII accepted the Rhythm Method as a moral form of family planning, although only in limited circumstances, in two speeches on October 29, 1951, and November 26, 1951.
		Pope John Paul II went further in acknowledging the success of evolutionary theory in his 1996 Message to Pontifical Academy of Sciences.
		The Pope's appointment of two Jews to the Vatican Academy of Science as well as the hiring of Almagia were reported by the New York Times in the editions of November 11, 1939, and January 10, 1940.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Pius_XII (6229 words)

	Pope Pius XI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Pope Pius thus became head of the first pope who could be termed such since the Papal States fell after unification of Italy in the 19th century.
		Discourses of the popes from Pius XI to John Paul II to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, 1936-1986 (Pontificiae Academiae Scientiarum scripta varia)
		Pope John Paul's life documents the struggle of a Christian also devoted to the teachings of the Catholic church, and how he reconciled these teachings to become a world leader within the church.
	www.freeglossary.com /Pius_XI (552 words)

	Pope Fiction
		Perhaps she was a "pro-choice Catholic" who hates the pope because his efforts to defend the sanctity of unborn life clash with her agenda to "Keep Abortion Legal." Maybe she's mad that he won't compromise Catholic teaching that the sacrament of holy orders is reserved to men.
		None of the annals or acts of the popes that were written between the ninth and 13th centuries (and none after that, either) mention her.
		The pope is the beast spoken of in Revelation 13.
	www.ewtn.com /library/ANSWERS/POPEAPOL.HTM (5414 words)

	The Female Pope Chapter 6
		John Laurence Mosheim in his Ecclesiastical History, which was compiled during the last half of the eighteenth century, tried hard to be fair to all sides, and suggested that some unusual event must have happened in the 850s to give rise to the story: 'But what it was...
		John XXIII was one of the Pisan Obediance, so Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was able to take the same name, when he was chosen to succeed Plus XII in 1958.
		Remembering that all the earliest proponents of Pope Joan, and many later ones too, failed to give her a number and insisted that she was never officially counted in the papal catalogues, it is difficult in any case to see quite what Gould Davis was trying to prove with her unnecessary and untenable theory.
	www.users.globalnet.co.uk /~pardos/PopeJoan6.html (5188 words)

	The Straight Dope: Was there once a female pope?
		"Pope Joan," who supposedly served from 855 to 858, was said to be an Englishwoman who disguised herself as a monk to be with her cleric boyfriend.
		Pope John Paul II traveling around the globe reminding the faithful of the teachings of the Church is the most dramatic and common exercise of the Ordinary Magisterium today.
		It is prerequisite that the pope intend to demand irrevocable assent from the entire church in some aspect of faith or morals." The ordinary teachings of the Church, by contrast, are not infallible.
	www.straightdope.com /classics/a2_139.html (1499 words)

	JOHN XI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Whoever his father was, John's mother was certainly the famous daughter of Theophylactus, Mary, known to history as Marozia.
		It was at Alberic's insistence that John granted the pallium to Theophylactus, patriarch of Constantinople, and Artaud, archbishop of Rheims.
		John XI died either in December 935 or January 936.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp126.htm (406 words)

	Definition of Pope Sergius III
		He was his faction's unsuccessful candidate for the papacy in 896; when John IX was elected instead, he excommunicated Sergius, who had to withdraw from his see at Ceveteri for safety.
		Elected Pope in 897, Sergius was forcibly exiled by Lambert, duke of Spoleto, and all the official records were destroyed; consequently most of the surviving documentation about Sergius comes from his opponents.
		His nemeses, Pope Leo V and the antipope Christopher, both died in 904, alleged to have been strangled in prison, a claim, however, that the Catholic Encyclopedia called "extremely doubtful." He had the much-abused corpse of Formosus exhumed, tried in a counter-action to the famous "Cadaver Synod" of Pope Stephen VII, found guilty, and beheaded.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Pope_Sergius_III (442 words)

	Right Reason: Pius XII: a victim of false history \| Apr 7, 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Last month, Pope John Paul II made his historically-groundbreaking apology for the sins of Christians throughout the millennia.
		Pope John Paul, however, has not, and will not, repudiate the actions of his predecessor, because there is nothing in the wartime pope's record for which to apologize.
		Upon the pope's death in 1958, Israeli leader Golda Meir recognized his greatness, saying "When our people were subjected to a terrible martyrdom, the Pope's voice was raised to condemn the persecutors and to offer mercy to their victims.
	www.yaleherald.com /archive/xxix/2000.04.07/opinion/p11pope.html (701 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Felix IV
		On 18 May, 526, Pope John I died in prison at Ravenna, a victim of the angry suspicions of Theodoric, the Arian king of the Goths.
		When, through the powerful influence of this ruler, the cardinal-priest, Felix of Samnium, son of Castorius, was brought forward in Rome as John's successor, the clergy and laity yielded to the wish of the Gothic king and chose Felix pope.
		He was consecrated Bishop of Rome 12 July, 526, and took advantage of the favor he enjoyed at the court of Theodoric to further the interests of the Roman Church, discharging the duties of his office in a most worthy manner.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06031a.htm (601 words)

	Pope leo vii - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Start the Pope leo vii article or add a request for it.
		Look for "Pope leo vii" in the Wikimedia Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video.
		Promotional articles about yourself, your friends, your company or products; or articles written as part of a marketing or promotional campaign, may be deleted in accordance with our deletion policies.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/pope_leo_vii (188 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Pope Sergius III
		Deacon under Pope Stephen V. Sergius opposed Pope Formosus, but his party was defeated, all their records were destroyed, and most of the surviving documentation about Sergius comes from his opponents.
		One of the worst popes in history, his reign begins the era known as the pornocracy or the rule of the harlots, the darkest period in the history of the papacy.
		His mistress Marozia was the mother of Pope John XI, the aunt of Pope John XIII, and the grandmother of Pope Benedict VI.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/pope0119.htm (237 words)

	Full Text of Abridged Version of 'Hitler's Pope,'by John Cornwell
		Pius XI and his new secretary of state, Pacelli, were determined that no accommodation be reached with Communists anywhere in the world -- this was the time of persecution of the church in Russia, Mexico, and later Spain - but totalitarian movements and regimes of the right were a different matter.
		The church of Pius XII is reasserting itself in confirmation of a pyramidal church model: faith in the primacy of the man in the white robe dictating in solitude from the pinnacle.
		In the twilight years of John Paul II's long reign, the Catholic Church gives a pervasive impression of dysfunction despite his historic influence on the collapse of Communist tyranny in Poland and the Vatican's enthusiasm for entering its third millennium with a cleansed conscience.
	www.emperors-clothes.com /analysis/hitlerspope.htm (8503 words)

	Interesting Facts
		The names in Italics without numbers belong to the Popes that have never been acknowledged and are considered to be Anti-popes.
		Pope Luciani was the first Pope in history to name himself with a double name.
		"This morning, September 29, 1978, the Pope's private secretary, as he usually did, went to look for him in his private chapel, since the Pope was not there the secretary went to his room and found him dead in bed, with the lights still on, as if he was reading".
	www.popechart.com /Popelist.htm (182 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Condemnation of Wycliffe, 1382
		Moreover, you are on our authority to arrest the said John, or cause him to be arrested and to send him under a trustworthy guard to our venerable brother, the Archbishop of Canterbury, and the Bishop of London, or to one of them.
		That if the pope is fore-ordained to destruction and a wicked man, and therefore a member of the devil, no power has been given to him over the faithful of Christ by any one, unless perhaps by the Emperor.
		I suppose over this that the pope be most obliged to the keeping of the gospel among all men that live here; for the pope is highest vicar that Christ has here in earth.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/1382wycliffe.html (1631 words)

	CNN.com - Pope psychology: Pay not heed to predictions - Apr 25, 2005
		Pope Benedict XVI at the inaugural Mass outside St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City.
		As Pope John XXIII, this septuagenarian threatened the iron authority of the Roman curia by throwing open the doors and windows of the Catholic Church, that the church and the world might get to know each other.
		With the near-universal tributes of affection to Pope John Paul II from the exalted and the ordinary, these have been wonderfully heady days for the church.
	www.cnn.com /2005/POLITICS/04/25/pope.psychology (659 words)

	Powell's Books - Hitler's pope: (the secret history of Pius XII ) by
		John Cornwell is one of the century's most prolific and esteemed historians of the Catholic Church.
		His profiles on Pope John Paul II have appeared in Vanity Fair and the Sunday Times magazine, and his investigative book, A Thief in the Night: The Death of Pope John Paul I was a world bestseller.
		In Hitler?s Pope, backed by a wealth of new research, John Cornwell tells for the first time the story of the career of Eugenio Pacelli, the man who as Pius XII was Pope during the Second World War and arguably the most powerful churchman in modern history.
	www.powells.com /cgi-bin/biblio?show=hardcover:sale+books:0670876208:12.98 (795 words)

	March/April 1997 - Feature - "Pope Fiction"
		The pope is the flesh-and-blood reminder of that Church and its teachings — he personifies Catholicism — and for some this is particularly offensive.
		In it, Pope Joan goes into labor while riding in her sede gestiatoria — the portable throne in which popes were carried — as her procession passed the Coliseum on its way from St. Peter's Basilica to St. John Lateran Cathedral.
		The first is that the Roman population became disgusted with the corrupt influence wielded over Pope Sergius (reigned 904-911) by the powerful and wealthy Theodora Theophylact, and more specifically by her young daughter Morozia, a cunning and exceptionally attractive woman.
	www.envoymagazine.com /backissues/2.2/mar_apr98_coverstory.html (5677 words)

	Christians tried it with slavery, now with abortion rights..
		Pope Urban VIII in 1629, Pope Innocent X in 1645 and Pope Alexander VII in 1661 were all personally involved in the purchase of Muslim slaves.
		Pope Gregory XVI wrote in Supremo Apostolatus that he admonishes and adjures "in the Lord all believers in Christ, of whatsoever condition, that no one hereafter may dare unjustly to molest Indians, Negroes, or other men of this sort;...or to reduce them to slavery..." The operative word is unjustly.
		Pope Pius IX was concerned about the "wreched Ethopians in Central Africa." He prayed that "Almighty God may at length remove the curse of Cham [Ham] from their hearts." God's curse on Ham was that the Canaanite people would be forever enslaved.
	www.prochoicetalk.com /message-board-forum/post-18257.html (3559 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope John XI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		This party succeeded in overthrowing the rule of Marozia and Hugh; Marozia was cast into prison, but her husband escaped from the city.
		In this way Alberic became ruler of Rome, and the pope, who suffered by his mother's fall, now became almost entirely subject to his brother, being only free in the exercise of his purely spiritual duties.
		It was at the instance of Alberic that the pallium was given to Theophylactus, Patriarch of Constantinople (935), and also to Artold, Archbishop of Reims (933).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08426a.htm (319 words)

	Pope John XXIII
		Pope John XXIII was born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli at Sotto il Monte, Italy, in the Diocese of Bergamo on 25 November 1881.
		Benedict XV brought him to Rome to be the Italian president of the Society for the Propagation of the Faith.
		Pope John XXIII died on the evening of 3 June 1963, in a spirit of profound trust in Jesus and of longing for his embrace.
	www.vatican.va /news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20000903_john-xxiii_en.html (1069 words)

	Venerable Papal Tradition: The Very Smoke-Filled Room (washingtonpost.com)
		Pope John XII was elected at the ripe age of 18, and proceeded to turn the Vatican into party central.
		A third of the popes enthroned between 872 and 1012 died violently, some at the hands of their successors.
		Pope Pius II later recalled the intrigue surrounding the conclave that preceded his own election in 1458: "The richer and more powerful members begged, promised, threatened, and some, shamelessly casting aside all decency, pleaded their own cause and claimed the papacy as their right.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A58963-2005Apr16.html (1141 words)

	Pope Paul VI
		Pope Paul VI was Bishop of Rome from 1963 to 1978.
		While John resembled Pius XI and Pius XII in his identification of social justice with peace and order, he did not follow their lead in the prominence given to commutative justice, any more than he followed their lead in the meaning of the principle of subsidiarity.
		Paul knew that Catholic social doctrine up to and including that of Pope John XXIII had been more often admired than implemented because it had confined itself to principles that could not be translated in practice.
	www.shc.edu /theolibrary/resources/popes_paul6.htm (835 words)

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