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	Pope John XXII - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pope John XXII, born Jacques Duèze or d'Euse (1249 – December 4, 1334), was the son of a shoemaker in Cahors.
		John XXII was neutral at first; but in 1323, when Louis IV had won and became Holy Roman Emperor, the Guelph (papal) party and the Ghibelline (imperial) party began a serious quarrel.
		Pope John XXII was involved in a theological controversy involving the Beatific Vision.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_John_XXII (481 words)

	Pope John XXII - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Pope John XXII, born Jacques Duèze or d'Euse (1249 – December 4, 1334), was the son of a shoemaker in Cahors.
		John was neutral at first; but in 1323, when Louis had won and became Holy Roman Emperor, the Guelph (papal) party and the Ghibelline (imperial) party began a serious quarrel.
		This was partly provoked by John's extreme claims of authority over the empire and also partly by Louis's support of the spiritual Franciscans, whom John XXII condemned for their insistence on evangelical poverty.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Pope_John_XXII (483 words)

	Pope John XXII
		Pope John wrote to King Philip IV on the matter (November, 1333), and emphasized the fact that, as long as the Holy See had not given a decision, the theologians enjoyed perfect freedom in this matter.
		Pope John, on the other hand, had need of large revenues, not only for the maintenance of his Court, but particularly for the wars in Italy.
		In 1319 John XXII reserved to himself all minor benefices falling vacant in the Western Church during the succeeding three years, and in this way collected from each of them the aforesaid annates, as often as they were conferred by the pope.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/j/john_xxii,pope.html (3335 words)

	Encyclopedia: Pope John XXII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pope Clement V over two years elapsed before the cardinals managed to elect the new pope.
		As the second of the Avignon Popes John XXII was instrumental in cementing the stay of the Papacy in Avignon and also in extending perceptions of papal authority in the matter of "provisions", that is, the pope's presumed sovereign right to nominate successors to vacant benefices even over the wishes of the benefice's natural patron.
		It was not until after John XXII's death that Ockham's polemical works A Short Discourse on Tyrannical Government and Eight Questions on the Power of the Pope appeared, designed to demonstrate that the papacy had strayed from its original mission and illegitimately become a tyrannical temporal empire causing massive discord in Christendom.
	www.societaschristiana.com /Encyclopedia/J/JohnXXII.html (877 words)

	AllRefer.com - John XXII, pope (Roman Catholic Popes And Antipopes) - Encyclopedia
		John was neutral at first; then in 1323, when Louis had won and became Holy Roman emperor, pope and emperor began a serious quarrel.
		This was partly provoked by John's extreme claims of authority over the empire and partly by Louis's support of the spiritual Franciscans, whom John XXII condemned for their insistence on evangelical poverty.
		In John's last years he advanced a theory concerning the vision of God in heaven or the beatific vision; the novelty he proposed (that this vision will begin only after the Last Judgment) was widely denied and scorned by theologians, and John subsequently modified it.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/J/John22.html (377 words)

	A Papal Patron Of Education And Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pope John's bulls would be interesting documents to have read before such associations even at the present time, and would form excellent suggestive material on which the discussion of the necessity for maintaining college standards might well be founded.
		In erecting the University of Cahors, Pope John took occasion to say that he did so because the city promised to provide facilities and proper conditions for the university and he believed that the existence of such an institution would in very many ways be of benefit to the commonwealth.
		Pope John issued a bull, however, from Avignon, confirming the erection of the University of the City of Rome by his predecessor of happy memory, Boniface VIII.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles28/pope-and-science-5.shtml (4708 words)

	Pope John XXII
		John XXII, Roman Catholic Pope from 1316 to 1334, was born at Cahors, France, in 1249.
		In 1310 Pope Clement V summoned Jacques to Avignon and instructed him to advise upon the affair of the Templars and also upon the question of condemning the memory of Boniface VIII.
		John's pontificate was continually disturbed by his conflict with Louis of Bavaria and by the theological revolt of the Spiritual Franciscans.
	www.nndb.com /people/528/000095243 (1193 words)

	Late Middle Ages - Pope John XXII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		John had a celebrated and long-running dispute with the Spiritual Franciscans (also called the Fraticelli, or Little Brothers), who were engaged in a bitter dispute with the rest of the Franciscan order.
		John laid claim to a huge number of annates and within just a few years had a good reserve in the treasury.
		Some popes used the papal bureaucracy effectively, some did not, but they would always have it to call upon, if their skills and temperments inclined them to do so.
	history.boisestate.edu /hy309/papacy/johnxxii.html (662 words)

	MSN Encarta - Aquinas, St Thomas
		Pope Alexander IV, who reigned from 1254 to 1261, summoned him to Rome in 1259, where he acted as adviser and lecturer to the papal court.
		In March 1274, while travelling to the Council of Lyon, to which he had been commissioned by Pope Gregory X, Aquinas fell ill. He died on March 7 at the Cistercian monastery of Fossanova.
		Aquinas was canonized by Pope John XXII in 1323 and proclaimed a Doctor of the Church by Pope Pius V in 1567.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761577720/Aquinas_St_Thomas.html (814 words)

	Pope John XXII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pope John XXII, was born Jacques d'Euse in 1249.
		They duly elected John XXII Pope and he was crowned in Lyons.
		The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/po/Pope_John_XXII.html (142 words)

	Declaration of Arbroath - RecipeFacts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It is in the form of a letter submitted to Pope John XXII, dated 6 April 1320.
		While often interpreted as an early expression of 'popular sovereignty' – that kings could be chosen by the population rather than by God alone – it can also be argued to have been a means of passing the responsibility for disobeying papal commands from the king to the people.
		The Pope seems to have paid some heed to the arguments contained by the Declaration, although its contemporary influence should not be overstated.
	www.recipeland.com /encyclopaedia/index.php/Declaration_of_Arbroath (709 words)

	Read about Pope John XXII at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Pope John XXII and learn about Pope John XXII here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pope John XXII, né Jacques d'Euse (1249 -
		Clement V in 1314 and the election of John XXII in 1316 was due to extreme disagreement between the
		Franciscans, whom John XXII condemned for their insistence on evangelical poverty.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Pope_John_XXII (285 words)

	World War 1 and 2 - Abbreviator
		The name was derived from a space in the chancery, surrounded by a grating, in which the officials sat, which is called higher or lower (major or minor) according to the proximity of the seats to that of the vice-chancellor.
		By Pope Martin V their signature was made essential to the validity of the acts of the chancery; and they obtained in course of time many important privileges.
		They were suppressed in 1908 by Pope Pius X and their duties were transferred to the protonotarii apostolici participantes.
	www.worldwardiary.com /history/Abbreviator (211 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: Pope John XXII; Jacques d'Euse
		During his pontificate he was involved in controversies with the Franciscans and Conventuals, and with Louis of Bavaria whom he admonished not to exercise his rights until the legitimacy of the election had been approved.
		The subsequent action of Louis brought on his excommunication and, with the protection of the Colonna family, he came to Rome in 1328, declared John deposed and set up the anti-pope Pietro Rainalducci (Nicholas V) who later came to Avignon, penitent, and was absolved in 1330.
		As pope John enlarged and partly reorganized the papal Curia, and was very active in the administration of the ecclesiastical revenues.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/ncd04388.htm (153 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Pope John XXII
		There was a two-year inter-regnum between the death of Clement V and the election of John.
		In 1323, a quarrel broke out between pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, Louis IV of Bavaria due to John's claims of secular authority over the empire, and Louis' support of the spiritual Franciscans whom John had condemned for their insistence on poverty.
		Due to some confusion over the order of Popes John in the Middle Ages, John XXII has often been referred to as John XXI.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/pope0196.htm (176 words)

	Treatise to John XXII (from William of Ockham) -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ockham met John Lutterell again at Avignon; in a treatise addressed to Pope John XXII, the former chancellor of Oxford denounced Ockham's teaching on the Sentences, extracting from it 56 propositions that he showed to be in serious error.
		Revelation to John appears to be a collection of separate units composed by unknown authors who lived during...
		British poet and literary critic William John Courthope is perhaps best known for editing the final five volumes of the standard edition of Alexander Pope's works, published during 1871–89.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-5356 (825 words)

	Quia Quorundam -- Pope John XXII
		And with the aforementioned replies having been made to all their objections, at last they are declared [to be] as heretics and rebels to the Roman Church, [men] to be avoided by all, if, they thereafter would presume knowingly by word or writing to defend or approve anything contrary to those [consitutions].
		Besides if it would be said that Christ in having had locui [had] only the simplex usus facti, in vain would it be said that in the person of the infirm themselves Christ had loculi, when according to him it is suitable for even the perfect to have the simplex usum facti.
		For granted that the aforesaid Innocent III interdicted the erection of new religious [orders] in general council, his own sucessors nevertheless, (not withstanding an interdict of this kind), chose to confirm many orders, which (with some exceptions) were even dissolved in a certain measure afterwards by Our predecessor Gregory IX in general council.
	www.franciscan-archive.org /bullarium/qquor-e.html (1931 words)

	The Declaration of Arbroath (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Scots had no choice but to somehow convince Pope John XXII that Scotland was indeed a Christian country with a rightful King.
		A letter was composed in Latin by Bernard of Linton, the Abbot of the Abbey of Arbroath, and closed with the seals of 39 known Christian noblemen of Scotland.
		In 1324, Pope John called Robert the Bruce King for the first time and also apparently wrote a letter to Edward asking for an end to the violence.
	www.tartans.com /articles/declarationofarbroath.html (1377 words)

	Amazon.com: Pope John XXII : A Spiritual Biography (Lives and Legacies.): Books: Christian Feldman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A nice overview of the life of John XXiii, but less than an in depth analysis of his life, philospohy, accomplishments, quirks, and the times in which he lived.
		Many people know of the wonderful things Pope John XXIII accomplished as pope but many do not know of the road that lead to the papacy.
		Providence directed this simple, peasant man to become the pope and this account of that providence is superbly done.
	www.catholic-pages.com /bookrack/amazon.asp?ISBN=0824523563 (560 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Anima Christi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This well-known prayer dates its origin from the first half of the fourteenth century and was enriched with indulgences by Pope John XXII in the year 1330.
		In regard to its authorship all we can say is that it was, perhaps, written by John XXII.
		Of this we are not certain, as this Pope has been falsely accredited with similar pious compositions, and a mistake could easily be made of confounding the one who gave the indulgence with the real author.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01515a.htm (333 words)

	Memoirs of Popular Delusions Vol. 3 - Pope John XXII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Popular belief alleged that he had made, and not amassed, this treasure; and alchymists complacently cite this as a proof that the philosopher's stone was not such a chimera as the incredulous pretended.
		They take it for granted that John really left this money, and ask by what possible means he could have accumulated it.
		Replying to their own question, they say triumphantly, "His book shows it was by alchymy, the secrets of which he learned from Arnold de Villeneuve and Raymond Lulli.
	www.worldwideschool.com /library/books/relg/socialeccltheology/MemoirsofPopularDelusionsV3/chap13.html (357 words)

	Nicholas -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		An assembly of priests and laymen in Rome under the influence of the Holy Roman emperor Louis IV the Bavarian, whom John had excommunicated, elected the Franciscan monk Pietro Rainalducci as the antipope…
		Byzantine patriarch of Constantinople (901–907; 912–925), who contributed measurably to the attempted reunion of the Greek and Roman churches and who fomented the tetragamy controversy, or the question of a fourth marriage for the Eastern Orthodox.
		pope from 858 to 867, master theorist of papal power, considered to have been the most forceful of the early medieval pontiffs, whose pontificate was the most important of the Carolingian period and prepared the way for the 11th-century reform popes.
	www.wip.britannica.com /eb/article-9055720 (631 words)

	Antichrist Guidelines for Vatican II
		Separate universities from the Pope by saying that the government would then be glad to give them grants of money.
		The Pope will then be a figurehead, as England is ruled by the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
		There will be so many Popes nominated that an Anti-Pope will get in as a compromise Pope.
	www.tldm.org /news4/AntichristGuidelines.htm (2456 words)

	OUP: Pope John XXII and his Franciscan Cardinal: Nold (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The debate over the poverty of Christ and his apostles under Pope John XXII (1316-1334) is one of the most famous intellectual controversies of the Middle Ages.
		In this book, Patrick Nold sets out to investigate the Franciscan Cardinal Bertrand de la Tour, a man apparently torn between the pope who was his patron and the Order to which he had devoted his life.
		His discovery of Bertrand's significance undermines the common scholarly understanding of this episode and of the character of John XXII himself.
	www.oup.co.uk /isbn/0-19-926875-4 (511 words)

	Pope John XXII Award
		On April 23, 2001 Larry Long received the Pope John XXIII Award from Viterbo University for his work in forgotten communities around the world.
		This reunion occurred because of this Pope John XXIII Award's ceremony and my family is forever thankful.
		My relations are very happy today and I thank you so much for this Pope John XXIII award.
	www.larrylong.org /popeaward.html (1537 words)

	CICOB -- Community in Christ our Brother
		The Community in Christ our Brother was (is? Does love ever die?) an experimental non-territorial Catholic parish, formed after Pope John XXIII called the Vatican II council and for renewal in the Catholic Church.
		What I did not found so far is John XXIII which formed when CICOB did.
		John the Evangelist is listed as an organization by the diocese here, with this address: 2639 Desoto, New Orleans 70119, phone number 944-4000.
	websvirginia.com /cicob (351 words)

	Learn more about Pope John XXII in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
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	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /p/po/pope_john_xxii.html (223 words)

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