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	Pope - Catholic Encyclopedia - Catholic Online
		Boniface III, Pope: Pope Boniface III, of Roman extraction and the son of John Cataadioce, was elected to succeed...
		Alexander IV, Pope: Pope from 1254-61 (Rinaldo Conti), of the house of Segni...
		Leo IV, Pope: (Reigned 847-55) A Roman and the son of Radoald, was unanimously elected to...
	www.catholic.org /encyclopedia/search.php?search=Pope (2948 words)

	Sergius III - LoveToKnow 1911
		SERGIUS III., elected pope by one of the factions in Rome in 898, simultaneously with John IX., was expelled from the city by his adversaries.
		Sergius is reputed to have been the lover of Theodora's daughter Marozia, by whom he is said to have had a son, who became pope as John XI.
		and his successors, Sergius was very hostile to the memory of Pope Formosus, and refused to recognize any of the ordinations celebrated by him, thus causing grave disorders.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Sergius_III (188 words)

	Pope - Conservapedia
		The Pope (from Greek papas, father) is the head of the Catholic Church and the Head of State of the State of the Vatican City; the Bishop of Rome, who, as successor of St.
		The pope is distinguished by the use of the tiara or triple crown.
		The First Vatican Council, of 1870, anathematized all who dispute the Pope's primacy of honor and of jurisdiction (it is lawful to discuss the precise nature of that primacy, provided that such discussion does not violate the terms of the Council's Dogmatic Constitution).
	www.conservapedia.com /Pope (555 words)

	AN ABRIDGED HISTORY OF ROME - PART II - III - THE INVESTITURE CONTROVERSY
		Pope Alexander VII was appointed in 1655 and soon after he commissioned to Francesco Borromini a new tomb for Pope Sergius IV, who had been buried in the floor of S. Giovanni in Laterano.
		The pope was at loggerheads with the Farnese family who denied the papal rights to the Duchy of Castro and that of Parma: the celebratory inscription at the base of the monument explicitly (Liberalitate Celeberrimae) makes reference to her testament, which was seen as supporting the papal point of view.
		Pope Urban VIII had reserved to his own monument and to that of Pope Paul III the apse of the basilica: the monuments to the future popes were expected to be placed in the minor naves in niches inside the pillars supporting the ceiling.
	www.romeartlover.it /Storia15.html (2253 words)

	Biography – Pope Leo IV – The Papal Library
		The prince was delighted with the proposal, exhorted the pope to put the work in hand without delay, and sent, as the contributions of all his brothers as well as of himself, a great many pounds of silver.
		Leo IV had, in 850, crowned Louis II as emperor, or rather as associate in the empire, and he lived constantly in good understanding with him, as well as with Lothaire, the still living father of Louis.
		This pope was very learned; he united the rarest virtues, circumspection, munificence, piety, humanity, courage, and love of justice; he was beneficent to the poor, and fulfilled the duties of the pontifical ministry with the most exemplary exactitude.
	www.saint-mike.org /Library/Papal_Library/LeoIV/biography.html (1575 words)

	Pope Sergius II
		At a preliminary meeting to designate a successor to Gregory, the name of Sergius was accepted by the majority; but a mob endeavoured by force to place a deacon, John, upon the pontifical throne.
		From one obviously very partial edition of the "Liber Pontificalis" it would appear that Sergius, owing to devotion to the pleasures of the table, had no taste for business, and entrusted the management of affairs to his brother Benedict; and that, owing to attacks of gout, he was helpless in body and irritable in mind.
		As Sergius was, after a disputed election, consecrated without any reference to the Emperor Lothaire, the latter was indignant, and sent his son Louis with an army to examine into the validity of the election.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/s/sergius_ii,pope.html (432 words)

	Pope Paul IV Summary
		Under the direction of Pope Leo X he was ambassador to England and then papal nuncio in Spain, where he conceived a violent detestation of Spanish rule that affected the policies of his later papacy.
		But Carafa was recalled to Rome by the reform-minded Pope Paul III (1534–49), to sit on a committee of reform of the papal court, an appointment that forecast an end to a humanist papacy, and a revival of scholasticism, for Carafa was a thorough disciple of Thomas Aquinas.
		He was a surprise choice as Pope to succeed Pope Marcellus II (1555); his rigid, severe and unbending character combined with his age and patriotism meant he would have declined the honor.
	www.bookrags.com /Pope_Paul_IV (1074 words)

	Pope Innocent IV Summary
		Innocent IV, severely ill with pleurisy, died in Naples on December 7, 1254, and was buried in a tomb at the Basilica of Santa Restituta in Naples.
		Pope Innocent IV (Genoa, 1180/90 – Naples, December 7, 1254), born Sinibaldo de Fieschi, Pope from 1243 to 1254, belonged to the feudal nobility of Liguria, the Fieschi, counts of Lavagna.
		It was on a sick bed at Naples that Innocent IV heard of Manfred's victory at Foggia, and the tidings are said to have precipitated his death on December 7, 1254.
	www.bookrags.com /Pope_Innocent_IV (1778 words)

	SERGIUS IV
		Pope Sergius, if a bull attributed to him be authentic, called on the kings and princes of the West to drive the Saracens out of the Holy Land.
		Sergius continued the policy of his predecessors in exempting monasteries from episcopal control.
		Though not canonized, Sergius is venerated as a saint by the Benedictines.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/popep143.htm (428 words)

	History Of The Catholic Church
		Pope Gregory III and a synod at Rome condemned Iconoclasm, with a declaration that the veneration of sacred images was in accord with Catholic tradition.
		Pope Boniface VIII issued the bull Unam Sanctam, concerning the unity of the Church and the temporal power of princes, against the background of a struggle with Philip IV of France; it was the most famous medieval document on the subject.
		Pope Sixtus IV approved observance of the feast of the Immaculate Conception on Dec. 8 throughout the Church.
	www.ourcatholicfaith.org /churchhistory.html (7453 words)

	Pope Gregory IV
		Gregory IV, pope (827-844), was chosen to succeed Valentinus in December 827, on which occasion he recognized the supremacy of the Frankish emperor Louis the Pious in the most unequivocal manner.
		His name is chiefly associated with the quarrels betweeen Lothair I and Louis the Debonaire, in whom he espoused the cause of the former, for whom, in the Campus Mendacii, or "field of lies" as it is usually called (833), he secured by his treachery a temporary advantage.
		The institution of the feast of All Saints is usually attributed to this pope.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/po/Pope_Gregory_IV.html (113 words)

	Pope Sergius IV - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sergius IV (born in Rome, died May 12, 1012), born Pietro Boccapecora, was Pope from July 31, 1009 until his death.
		The power held by Sergius IV was often overshadowed by Crescentius III, the ruler of the city of Rome at the time.
		Sergius IV died on May 12, 1012, and was followed in the papacy by Pope Benedict VIII (1012–24).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Sergius_IV (276 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Creations of Cardinals of the XI Century
		Deposed as pope by the synod of Sutri on December 20, 1046.
		Relapsed and was excommunicated by Pope Victor III in the Council of Benevento in August 1087.
		The deaconry was suppressed by Pope Paul III in 1540 and reestablished by Pope Pius IV in 1565.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/consistories-xi.htm (6224 words)

	San Giovanni in Laterano - Churches of Rome Wiki - A Wikia wiki
		Outside the chapel is the cenotaph of Pope Sylvester II, made by the Hungarian artists Nalder and Damuko in 1909, and the tomb of Cardinal Rasponi (died 1670), a historian of the basilica.
		The pope is depicted in benediction, flanked by a the personification Faith and a worker.
		The monument to Pope Clement XII (Lorenzo Corsini) is by G.B. Maini and Carlo Monaldi, c.
	romanchurches.wikia.com /wiki/San_Giovanni_in_Laterano (5085 words)

	SERGIUS II
		Sergius was an irritable old man tormented with gout who left all business to his brother, Benedict.
		Sergius was a Roman of the same noble family as Stephen V. Orphaned at twelve, Sergius was placed by Leo III in the School for Sacred Music.
		Pope Sergius crowned Louis King of Italy, but he refused to allow the Romans to swear allegiance to him.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp103.htm (500 words)

	Phoenician Popes
		Sergius was born in the year 620, in Palermo, from a Phoenician family that had migrated from the East.
		This stand of the Pope Sergius inspired one of his successors, Pope Benedictus XIV, to say: �At the end of the seventh century, while the heresy was saddening the Patriarchy of Antioch, the Maronites, to protect themselves, decided to choose a patriarch approved by Their Holinessess�.
		When the Pope�s representative was on his way to Constantinople to hand the Emperor the decisions taken by the Council, he was arrested and imprisoned by the Byzantine army, as were the other representatives of the Pope, in different Italian cities, where they were sent to publish the decisions taken by the Council.
	phoenicia.org /popes.html (3101 words)

	Gallery
		The Basilica of the Monte Cassino Abbey and the tomb of Pope Victor III (+1087).
		The Cathedral of Ferrara and the tomb of Pope Urban III (+1187).
		The Abbey of Nonantola and the tomb of Pope Adrian III (+885).
	homepage.mac.com /crowns/vt/avgal.html (1364 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Sergius IV
		Pope Sergius IV Date of birth unknown; consecrated about 31 July, 1009; d.
		Sergius IV had been bishop of Albano (1004-9).
		Liber Pontificalis, II, 267; Letters, Privileges of Sergius, in P.L., CXXXIX; MANN, Lives of the Popes in the early Middle Ages, V (St. Louis, 1910), 142 sq.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13729b.htm (233 words)

	Pope
		The Pope's role is kind of like that of a chairman of a board, or captain of a football team, with the other team players being the bishops.
		Pope Innocent VII (1484-1492) and Pope Leo X (1513-1521) were from the Borgia and Medici families which were kind of like the Sopranos of the middle ages.
		Basically, the biggest reason that the Pope was head of his own country is that it is important that the Church not be interferred with by any other political leaders and if the head of the Church was in a country governed by a political leader it would be vulnerable to outside interference.
	www.davidmacd.com /catholic/pope.htm (4676 words)

	Pauline Books&Media - Daughters of St. Paul
		The Pope is St. Peter’s successor, and the bishops are successors of the apostles.
		The Pope is called the Vicar of Christ, which does not mean that he takes the place of Christ, but rather that Christ is faithful to his promise, “I will be with you all days, even unto the end of the age” (Matthew 28:20).
		The pope, head of the college of bishops, enjoys this infallibility in virtue of his office, when, as supreme pastor and teacher of all the faithful—who confirms his brethren in the faith—he proclaims by a definitive act a doctrine pertaining to faith or morals.
	www.daughtersofstpaul.com /johnpaulpapacy/popefactsandtrivia.html (997 words)

	Chronology
		Saint Ermengol travels to Rome and the Pope Sergius IV signs the Pontifical Bull recognizing the autenticity of the miracle and conceding privileges to the Confraternity of St. Mary's of Ivorra.
		The Cardinal Pere Foix, legate of the Pope in the Kingdoms of the Crown of Aragon commissions the Abbat of Cardona to study the relics and the document of Sergius IV, founded during the works.
		The Bishop of Urgell, Francesc de Jovia, in the decree on the 22nd of June commissioned by the Pontiff Legate, recognizes the authenticity of the relics and the Bull of Sergius IV.
	www.santdubte.com /en_cronologia.htm (609 words)

	Rejection of Pascal's Wager: Popes Throughout History
		The next two popes were merely stop-gap instruments of Marozia- to warm the papal throne until her son could ascend to it.
		Pope Alexander III (in office 1159-1181) had the dubious distinction of being one of the first popes to order the use of force against heresies.
		The 215th pope Julius II (in office 1503-1513) is well known to most people as the pope who commission Michaelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
	www.geocities.com /paulntobin/papacy.html (7813 words)

	POPES
		The Pope (Bishop of Rome or Vicar of Jesus Christ) is the bishop and patriarch of Rome, the supreme spiritual leader of the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Rite Catholic churches, which collectively comprise the Catholic -- that is, Universal -- Church.
		When the pope has been chosen he is asked by the Dean of the College of Cardinals to confirm his acceptance, and then the name he chooses is announced.
		The word pope (post-classical Latin papa, father), is an ecclesiastical title now used to designate the head of the Roman Catholic Church and several Patriarchs of eastern Orthodoxy, such as the Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and the head of the Coptic Orthodox Church.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.com /definition/popes (1596 words)

	[No title]
		The Third General Council of Constantinople, under Pope Agatho and the Emperor Constantine Pogonatus, was attended by the Patriarchs of Constantinople and of Antioch, 174 bishops, and the emperor.
		Pope Honorius reigned from 625 to 638 A.D. He was condemned as a heretic by the Sixth Ecumenical Council (680-681).
		Pope Martin summoned 105 bishops to a Council at the Lateran, where Monothelitism was condemned.
	www.lycos.com /info/popes--foreign-council.html (423 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Sergius II
		Pope Sergius II Date of birth unknown; consecrated in 844, apparently in
		He was of noble birth, and belonged to a family which gave two other popes to the Church.
		Hist.: Epp., V, 583; DUCHESNE, The Beginnings of the Temporal Sovereignty of the Popes (London, 1908), 138 sqq.; MANN, Lives of the Popes in the early Middle Ages, II (London, 1906), 232 sqq.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13728c.htm (379 words)

	Untitled
		Rome continued to use the Creed without the filioque until the 11th C. In 808, Pope Leo wrote a letter to Charlemagne expressing that although he agreed that doctrinally the filioque was sound, he considered it a mistake to tamper with the Creed.
		Pope Nicholas’ actions against Photios were an uncanonical interference in the affairs of another Patriarchate.
		Pope John VIII, was not a fan of the Franks and realized the serious nature Nicholas’ decisions in siding with the Franks.
	www.assumptionaz.org /schism.htm (1738 words)

	Cultural Catholic - Vatican and Catholic Popes
		A pope is elected by a two-thirds vote of a conclave of cardinals under the age of 80.
		If after 13 days a pope has not been elected, the cardinals pause for a day of prayer and reflection, and the two cardinals with the greatest number of votes in the lastest balloting will be in a runoff election, but these two cardinals cannot vote.
		Pope Benedict XVI became pope on the second day of the conclave after three ballots.
	www.culturalcatholic.com /vatican.htm (1143 words)

	The Great Schism
		The Pope, however, believed his immediate power of jurisdiction to extend to the east as well as to the west; and as soon as he tried to enforce this claim within the eastern Patriarchates, trouble was bound to arise.
		In 808 Pope Leo 111 wrote in a letter to Charlemagne that, although he himself believed the Filioque to be doctrinally sound, yet he considered it a mistake to tamper with the wording of the Creed.
		The Pope at this time, John VIII (872-82), was no friend to the Franks and did not press the question of the Filioque, nor did he attempt to enforce the Papal claims in the east.
	www.stpaulsirvine.org /html/TheGreatSchism.htm (6211 words)

	History of the Mass (9histort.htm)
		Thus in 1009 Sergius II had Sergius IV name stricken from the diptychs of Constantinople which were the listings of special persons all were to pray for during the liturgy.
		The split was inevitable and further widened when Sergius IV sent a profession of faith to the eastern patriarch including the clause Filioque which means the Son proceeding from the Father and the Holy Spirit proceeding from the Son and the Father.
		Pope Sergius' death was announced on May 12 and Crescentius' demise on May 18.
	www.dailycatholic.org /hist/9histort.htm (2288 words)

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