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Topic: Pope Stephen IV

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Pope Adrian I

Pope Adrian IV

	STEPHEN - LoveToKnow Article on STEPHEN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		STEPHEN III., pope from the 7th of August 768 to the 3rd of February 772, was a native of Sicily, and, having come to iome during the pontificate of Gregory III., gradually rose to ligh office in the service of successive popes.
		Stephen hastened against the rebels, bearing before him the banner of St Martin of Tours, whom he now chose to be his patron saint, and routed the rebels at Veszprem (998), a victory from which the foundation of the Hungarian monarchy must be dated, for Stephen assumed the royal title immediately afterwards.
		Stephen was a keen and circumspect politician, and for his future security contracted, during his father's lifetime, a double1 matrimonial alliance with the Neapolitan princes of the House of Anjou, the chief partisans of the pope.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /S/ST/STEPHEN.htm (2066 words)

	Pope Stephen IV
		Stephen IV, pope (August 1, 768-January 24 772), was a native of Sicily, and, having come to Rome during the pontificate of Gregory III, gradually rose to high office in the service of successive popes.
		On the deposition of Pope Constantine II[?], Stephen was chosen to succeed him.
		The politics of Stephen's reign are obscure, but he inclined to alliance between the Papacy and the Lombards rather than to the Franks.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/po/Pope_Stephen_IV.html (142 words)

	Biblically Unqualified Popes
		Pope Benedict IX reigned from 1032 to 1044, in 1045, and from 1047 to 1048.
		Pope Alexander VI reigned from 1492 to 1503.
		Pope Gregory VII reigned from 1073 to 1085.
	www.catholicconcerns.com /Popes.html (2067 words)

	Encyclopedia: Pope Stephen IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Pope is the Catholic Bishop and patriarch of Rome, and head of the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches.
		Antipope Constantine II was an antipope from 767 _ 768, during the reign of Pope Stephen IV.
		Stephen II was elected pope in March of 752.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pope-Stephen-IV (611 words)

	Facing the Truth About Papal History
		* Pope Benedict IX reigned from 1032 to 1044, in 1045, and from 1047 to 1048.
		* Pope Alexander VI reigned from 1492 to 1503.
		* Pope Gregory VII reigned from 1073 to 1085.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /robin.brace/1papal.htm (1923 words)

	Pope Stephen IV - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Stephen IV, (720 – January 24, 772), pope August 1, 768 – January 24, 772, was a native of Sicily.
		He came to Rome during the pontificate of Gregory III and gradually rose to high office in the service of successive popes.
		On the deposition of Antipope Constantine II, Stephen was chosen to succeed him.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stephen_IV (163 words)

	Pope Paul I: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Pope Paul I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He first appears as a Roman deacon and was frequently employed by his brother, Pope Stephen II, in negotiations with the Lombard kings.
		After Stephen's death (April 26, 757) Paul was chosen his successor by those who wished a continuation of the late pope's policy.
		The new pope's reign was dominated by his relations to the Frankish and Lombard kings and to the Eastern emperor.
	www.encyclopedian.com /po/Pope-Paul-I.html (307 words)

	Pope Adrian I - Wikipedia
		Adrian or Hadrian I, Pope 772-795, was the son of Theodore, a Roman nobleman.
		ADRIAN I., pope from 772 to 705, was the son of Theodore, a Roman nobleman.
		The pope, whose expectations had been aroused, had to content himself with some additions to the duchy of Rome, and to the Exarchate, and the Pentapolis.
	nostalgia.wikipedia.org /wiki/Adrian_I (280 words)

	History of the Mass(1histort.htm)
		In the Vatican popes were accused and assailed as greed, intrigue and power-brokering went on relentlessly on the Celestine Hill as well as the far regions of the Christian world.
		Stephen's first act was to convince the Roman populace to swear allegiance to Louis, then sent envoys to Louis in France to announce this loyalty as well as requesting a meeting between the new Emperor and new Pope.
		However, due to Pope Eugene's convening a synod at the Lateran in November 826, much of this was ratified to reaffirm that in spiritual matters the Papacy was independant of the Frankish empire.
	www.dailycatholic.org /hist/1histort.htm (1987 words)

	Chapter 10
		In 769, Pope Stephen IV came to power with the help of an army which conquered the previous Pope.
		Then Pope Stephen sentenced a second man to die a slow, agonizing death, by having pieces of his body cut off every day until he finally died.
		Pope Gregory VII said that he knew of more than 40 men who became Pope by means of bribery.
	www.angelfire.com /ky/dodone/Chap_10.html (1428 words)

	Chapter 4
		Under Pope Silvester, the internal structure of the Church took on the form and practice and pomp of the Roman Empire.
		Pope Boniface VIII reigned from 1294 to 1303.
		Pope Pius XII reigned from 1939 to 1958.
	www.catholicundertow.com /Chapter-04.shtml (2877 words)

	Stephen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Stephen is a male first name, originating from the Greek term stephanos.
		The name is also found as a last name in such forms as Stephen, Stevens, Stephens, Stevenson, Stephenson, Stevin, and Stever.
		Saint Stephen, the "protomartyr" of Christianity (The Feast of Saint Stephen is celebrated on December 26 in the Western Church and December 27 in the Eastern Church.)
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Steven (241 words)

	Pope Stephen VIII -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Stephen VIII, (The head of the Roman Catholic Church) pope (December, (Click link for more info and facts about 928) 928- (Click link for more info and facts about 931) 931).
		Stephen's reign was brief and few records remain.
		There is a problem numbering the popes Stephen - see (Click link for more info and facts about Stephen II) Stephen II for the explanation.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/P/Po/Pope_Stephen_VIII3.htm (169 words)

	Malcolm Bull's Calderdale Companion: Foldout (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pope Eugenius III made him Bishop and Cardinal and sent him on a mission to Scandinavia where he restored peace and order to the local churches and monasteries and set up two new archbishoprics.
		In 1303, he drew up a decree excommunicating King Philip IV of France, but before this could be issued, the papal palace at Anagni was attacked by a group of 2000 mercenaries led by William de Nogaret, one of Philip's aides.
		In 1309, King Philip IV of France force the election of Clement, a Frenchman, and moved the papal seat to Avignon in France.
	hometown.aol.com /calderdale/mmp164.html (2706 words)

	Stephen IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Stephen IV Stephen IV Stephen IV, pope (August1, 768 - January 24, 772), was a native of Sicily, and, having come to Romeduring the pontificate of Gregory III, gradually rose to highoffice in the service of successive popes.
		Fragmentary records are preserved of the council (April 769) at which the degradation of Constantine was completed, certain new arrangements for papal elections made, and thepractice of devotion to icons confirmed (see iconoclasm).
		There is a problem in numbering the Popes Stephen -- see Pope StephenII for the explanation.
	www.therfcc.org /stephen-iv-278456.html (139 words)

	Saints of August 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 354, Pope Liberius deputed Eusebius and Bishop Lucifer of Cagliari to plead with Emperor Constantius to assemble a council to settle the differences between the Catholics and Arians.
		Stephen noted that baptism in the name of the Three Persons of the Trinity is valid, and was the practice even in the African church until the time of Bishop Agrippinus of Carthage at the end of the 2nd century.
		Pope Saint Stephen saw the implications that would result from Cyprian's belief and declared that no innovation was to be allowed and threatened Cyprian and his followers with excommunication.
	www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0802.htm (2725 words)

	Pope Adrian I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		December 25, 795) was pope from 772 to 795.
		The pope, whose expectations had been aroused, had to content himself with some additions to the duchy of Rome, and to the Exarchate of Ravenna, and the Pentapolis in the Marches, which consisted of the "five cities" on Adriatic coast from Rimini to Ancona with the coastal plain as far as the mountains.
		It was in connection with this controversy that the Libri Carolini were written, to which Adrian replied by letter, anathematizing all who refused to venerate the images of Jesus Christ, or the Virgin Mary, or saints.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/pope_adrian_i (236 words)

	Pope Stephen IX -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pope Stephen IX was (The head of the Roman Catholic Church) pope from about July 14, (Click link for more info and facts about 939) 939 until his death towards the end of October, (Click link for more info and facts about 942) 942.
		During his pontificate he was subject to (Click link for more info and facts about Alberic) Alberic, Prince of the Romans, and did not effectively rule the Papal States.
		His period as pope was during a brief interruption from the period when the church had been ruled by the so-called " (Click link for more info and facts about pornocracy) pornocracy" of Theodora and (Click link for more info and facts about Marozia) Marozia, (An inhabitant of the ancient Roman Empire) Roman noblewomen.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/P/Po/Pope_Stephen_IX1.htm (153 words)

	History of the Mass (2histort.htm)
		With Pope Gregory IV's death on January 11, 844 the Roman common people demanded that a deacon by the name of John be chosen his successor.
		Pope St. Leo IV was called home to Heaven on July 17, 855 just as another antipope, one who Leo had excommunicated, waited in the wings and more troubles would ensue with both the Frankish emperors and the Saracens.
		He was unable to keep up the vigor and pace of his predecessor Nicholas and because of this was not quick to discern problems or vasilations in the Church, especially in the Carolingian realms and in the east where Nicholas had staked Rome's claim to Bulgaria.
	www.dailycatholic.org /2histort.htm (2626 words)

	The Ecole Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Stephen opposed iconoclasm and forbade lay participation in the election of popes.
		Stephen is said to have allowed King Desiderius of the Lombards to murder Christopher and his son, Sergius.
		Stephen also opposed the marriage of Charlemange to King Desiderius' daughter and did nothing when Charlemagne repudiated her.
	www2.evansville.edu /ecoleweb/glossary/stepheniv.html (111 words)

	Pope Stephen IV
		Pope Stephen IV terms defined : Pope Stephen IV
		All is still licensed under the GNU FDL.
		And then, on separating and removing the whole of this skin and flesh, ligaments, and forming the skeleton which is represented here.
	www.termsdefined.net /po/pope-stephen-iv.html (360 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Stephen (III) IV
		By their efforts Stephen, a Sicilian, the son of Olivus, was at length canonically elected and consecrated (7 August, 768).
		After his consecration the antipopes were treated with the greatest cruelty which, it seems to be generally allowed, Stephen was unable to hinder.
		Through Stephen's support the archdeacon Leo was enabled to hold the See of Ravenna against a lay intruder, and in turn through the support of the brothers Charlemagne and Carloman, Kings of the Franks, Stephen was able to recover some territories from the Lombards.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14289a.htm (405 words)

	Reims Details, Meaning Reims Article and Explanation Guide
		Meetings of Pope Stephen III with Pippin the Short, and of Pope Leo III with Charlemagne, took place at Reims; and here Louis the Debonnaire was crowned by Pope Stephen IV.
		Louis IV gave the town and countship of Reims to the archbishop Artaldus In Louis VII gave the title of duke and peer to William of Champagne, archbishop from 1176 to 1202, and the archbishops of Reims took precedence of the other ecclesiastical peers of the realm.
		In the foreign invasions of 1814 it was captured and recaptured; in 1870-1871, during the Franco-Prussian war, it was made by the Germans the seat of a governor-general and impoverished by heavy requisitions.
	www.e-paranoids.com /r/re/reims.html (1818 words)

	The Ecole Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A member of a noble family, Stephen was raised in the Lateran and was ordained by Leo III.
		Elected to the papacy in 816, Stephen swore loyalty to Louis I the Pious, whom he crowned and anointed Holy Roman Emperor at Rheims.
		This incident was the first imperial anointing and indicated that the pope's seal of approval was necessary to the emperor.
	www2.evansville.edu /ecoleweb/glossary/stephenv.html (114 words)

	The Order of Saint Stephen of Tuscany (Ordine di Santo Stefano di Toscana) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The decision to found the Military Order of Saint Stephen, Pope and Martyr, [1] was announced on 15 March 1561, by Cosimo de Medici, Duke of Florence, to commemorate his victory over the French led by Marshal Strozzi at the battle of Marciano, on Saint Stephen's day, 2 August 1554.
		Its statutes were confirmed by Pope Pius V in a further Bull of the following year, in which Cosimo and his successors were declared Grand Masters of the Order in perpetuity, and the seat of the Order established at Pisa, where Cosimo established two Conventual Houses for the knights.
		The Grand Duke Ferdinand IV, who died in 1908, continued to award the Order (without any entitlement to a prebend), [16] until his death in 1908, when he was succeeded as Grand Master by his second son, the Archduke Joseph-Ferdinand.
	www.chivalricorders.org /royalty/habsburg/tuscany/stephen.htm (4230 words)

	769
		Ailbe, who had household of Pope Hilary by whom he had been made a bishop.
		When great affection and gladness and he bore testimony before the Roman (Declan) therefore received marks of honour and sincere affection worthy he was, for he was comely, of good appearance, humble in act, in mien, generous in gifts, holy in life and resplendent in miracles.
		Patrick subsequently by Pope Celestinus, who sent him to preach to the Irish.
	www.freearchive.info /76/769.html (290 words)

	Pope Stephen IV - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pope Stephen IV - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Stephen IV, (720 – January 24, 772), pope August 1, 768 – January 24, 772, was a native of Sicily.
		The article about Pope Stephen IV contains information related to Pope Stephen IV.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Stephen_IV (168 words)

	Paul IV on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		As pope, he labored to purify the clergy and abolish corruption and worldliness from the papal curia, thus promoting reform (see Counter Reformation).
		He repudiated the settlement between Mary I of England and Reginald Cardinal Pole, and he later declared Elizabeth I illegitimate and unfit to be queen.
		Tessi Milon, left, and sister Barbara Wytrwal cry as Pope John Paul II enters Paul IV Hall for the Wednesday general audience at the Vatican on August 27, 2003.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/P/Paul4.asp (513 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Stephen (IV) V
		Stephen, the son of Marinus, was of the same noble Roman family which gave two other popes to the Church.
		During his youth he had been patronized by Hadrian I and Leo III, the latter of whom had ordained him deacon.
		His virtues were celebrated, and he was elected pope and consecrated immediately after Leo's death, about 22 June, 816.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14289b.htm (276 words)

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