Pope-Paschal-II - Factbites

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	Pope Paschal II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Hildebrandine party was aroused to action, however; a Lateran council of March 1112 declared null and void the concessions extorted by violence; a council held at Vienna in October 1111 actually excommunicated the Emperor, and Paschal II sanctioned the proceeding.
		The imperial Diet at Mainz invited Paschal II to visit Germany and settle the trouble in January 1106, but the Pope in the Council of Guastalla (October 1106) simply renewed the prohibition of investiture.
		Towards the end of his pontificate trouble began anew in England; Paschal II complaining (1115) that councils were held and bishops translated without his authorization, and threatening Henry I with excommunication.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Paschal_II (543 words)

	Pope Gelasius II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Shortly after his unanimous election to succeed Pope Paschal II (1099–1118) he was seized by Cencius Frangipanè, a partisan of the Emperor Emperor Henry V (1105–25), but freed by a general uprising of the Romans on his behalf.
		He became a monk of Monte Cassino, was taken to Rome by Pope Urban II (1088–99), and made papal chancellor and Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin.
		Gelasius II fled to Gaeta, where he was ordained priest on the 9th of March 1118 and on the following day received episcopal consecration.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Gelasius_II (426 words)

	Pope Paschal II
		Pope Paschal II Succeeded Urban II, and reigned from 13 Aug., 1099, till he died at Rome, 21 Jan., 1118.
		In his twentieth year he was sent on business of the monastery to Rome, and was retained at the papal court by Gregory VII, and made Cardinal-Priest of St. Clement's church.
		Paschal decided to change his proposed journey to Germany, and proceeded to France, where he was received enthusiastically by King Philip (who did penance for his adultery and was reconciled to the Church) and by the French people.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/p/paschal_ii,pope.html (1008 words)

	1100 - 1199
		Pope Paschal II dies, and is succeeded by Gelasius II.
		Pope Alexander III dies and is succeeded by Pope Lucius III.
		Pope Lucius III is succeeded by Pope Urban III.
	www.medievaltymes.com /courtyard/1100_-_1199.htm (2204 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Pope Paschal II
		Paschal was deeply involved in the struggle over lay investiture; Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV supported three successive anti-popes in hopes of placing his own man on the papal throne.
		Member of the court of Pope Gregory VII at age 20.
		Extremely reluctant pope during a period of struggle between the Chuch and emperor, protesting that monastic training had not prepared him for the temporal and administrative duties of the papacy.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/pope0160.htm (408 words)

	PASCHAL II
		Though Paschal II had had a tormented pontificate, he did have the satisfaction of seeing the lay investiture question reasonably settled in England by Henry I and St. Anselm.
		Under Urban II he served as legate, and at Urban's death he was chosen to succeed the crusader pope.
		Scarcely had the news of Paschal's surrender spread when indignant messages rained in on the poor Pope.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp158.htm (514 words)

	History of the Mass (15histot.htm)
		With the latter's death in 1099, Pope Paschal II was chosen to carry on, but he was embroiled in the bitter infighting between the triumverate of factions: the German kingdom and Roman patricians, who while not allies, were unified against the reformers.
		Paschal's ambition to unify all factions and to insist on the reform principles, as well as the supremacy of the pontiff, backfired badly and he was forced to sign a concession that greatly weakened the Church politically.
		Paschal saw it as a chance for reconciliation with the empire and the papacy but alas the son was of the same mind-frame regarding lay investiture.
	www.dailycatholic.org /hist/15histot.htm (1780 words)

	Paschal II -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Paschal II (originally Raniero) (died 1118), pope 1099–1118; continued First Crusade and the reforms of Pope Gregory VII; embroiled in Investiture Controversy, struggle over whether popes or secular rulers should appoint bishops; fought bitterly with Holy Roman Emperor Henry V; concessions made to Henry enraged bishops; privilege of investiture was granted, then later revoked; issue...
		The greatest of the Renaissance popes was Julius II.
		Paschal's 12th-century capitulation to Henry V, one of the episodes in the long-running Investiture Controversy.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9058623 (619 words)

	Chapter 8: Saint James's Catapult
		Paschal II was sympathetic but unyielding, and [197] fobbed Diego off with the grant of the right to wear a pallium on certain solemn occasions of the liturgical year.
		Something over a hundred years later pope Calixtus II was held to have declared that he had loved Santiago from his childhood and had spent fourteen years wandering in foreign lands, enduring robbery, imprisonment and shipwreck in search of legends about him.
		Not only was bishop Maurice a protégé of archbishop Bernardo of Toledo, but in addition pope Urban II had in 1088 granted the archbishop of Toledo metropolitan powers over any restored bishopric in Christian Spanish territory whose metropolitan church remained in Islamic hands.
	libro.uca.edu /sjc/sjc8.htm (10750 words)

	Storia
		It was so severely damaged that Pope Paschal II (1099-1118) had to give up any attempt to rebuild it with the same dimensions.
		The basilica erected by Paschal II has a main nave with two aisles, divided by two rows of four columns on each side with Corinthian capitals supporting the arches.
		The left-hand altar has a fine marble ciborium (casket) dating from the time of Pope Innocent VIII (1484-1492).
	www.santiquattrocoronati.org /NN/story.htm (1742 words)

	Pope Urban II
		Urban II, originally Odo or Otho or Eudes de Lagary, Roman Catholic Pope from the 12th of March 1088 to the 29th of July 1099, was born of knightly rank at Lagary (or Lagery or Lagny), near Reims.
		He was created cardinal-bishop of Ostia in 1078 by Pope Gregory VII, to whom he displayed such loyalty, especially as papal legate in Germany (1084), that he was imprisoned for a time by Henry IV.
		Pope Urban II This is a beta version of NNDB
	www.nndb.com /people/295/000095010 (442 words)

	The Papacy during the Crusades
		Pope Paschal II inherited the Investiture Struggle from Gregory and Urban, and this matter occupied much of his attention.
		Henry V had posed as a champion of the pope while he was in rebellion against his father, but once he himself was elected King of the Romans (in 1106), a split soon opened between the new emperor and the pope.
		Once he was gone, a council of the Church nullified all of Paschal's actions (March 1112) and another council in October excommunicated Henry.
	crusades.boisestate.edu /europe/papacy/04.shtml (449 words)

	Christian History Handbook: Medieval: Lecture Sixteen
		Pope Gregory VII (1073-1085) began to teach that the papacy was the ultimate judge and instructor of all other church leaders and all political leaders as well as, ultimately, all individual believers within Christendom.
		Pope Urban II (1088-1099) had likewise renewed the excommunication of Henry IV who was struggling in vain to subdue forces of the Countess Matilda in Lombardy after 1090.
		Pope Urban II lifted the excommunication of Alexius Comnenus and requested that the Latins in Constantinople be allowed to use their Latin liturgy.
	www.sbuniv.edu /~hgallatin/ht34632e16.html (4482 words)

	The Ecole Glossary
		Pope Paschal II, born Ranierio, was a native of Ravenna and entered a monastery at an early age.
		After Henry V held Paschal prisoner for two months in 1111, the pope came to see his point of view about the question.
		However, Paschal repudiated his support for the practice in 1116, the same year that rioting drove him from Rome.
	www2.evansville.edu /ecoleweb/glossary/paschalii.html (137 words)

	Saint Patrick's Church: Saints of February 11
		The devotion of the O'Sullivan Beare family may have been the reason that Pope Clement VIII honored Gobnata in 1601 by indulgencing a pilgrimage to her shrine and, in 1602, by authorizing a Proper Mass on her feast.
		The 89th pope, Saint Gregory, became involved in church affairs in his youth, was educated at the Lateran, became a subdeacon under Pope Saint Sergius, served as treasurer and librarian of the Church under four popes, and became widely known for his learning and wisdom.
		Paschal denied any complicity but refused to surrender the murderers, who were members of his household, declaring that the two dead officials were traitors and the secular authorities had no jurisdiction in the case.
	www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0211.htm (3526 words)

	EUROPEAN HISTORY 1100 - 1159
		Gelasius II (1118-1119) of the Pope Paschal party is elected pope in Sta Maria in Pallara.
		Pope Eugine III traveled to France to forward the Crusade but his secret mission is to seek the help of Conrad III of Germany (1138-1152) and Roger II of Sicily (1095-1154) to conduct a Holy War against the rebellious Romans.
		Innocent II alias Gregorio Papareschi (1130-1143) a Roman is clandestinely elected pope by a minority of cardinals.
	www3.telus.net /public/dgarneau/euro50.htm (2257 words)

	1099 articles on Encyclopedia.com
		Urban II URBAN II [Urban II] c.1042-1099, pope (1088-99), a Frenchman named Odo (or Eudes) of Lagery; successor of Victor III.
		Paschal II PASCHAL II [Paschal II] [Latof Easter], d.
		He was a monk and, as a reformer, was made a cardinal by Pope Gregory VII.
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=1099 (526 words)

	Henry V, Holy Roman emperor and German king
		Paschal II, rebelled (1104) against his father and compelled him to abdicate (1105).
		Henry thereupon left the city with the pope and cardinals as his prisoners; in order to procure his release, Paschal conceded to Henry the right to appoint and invest at will and crowned him emperor.
		Crowned joint king with his father in 1099, he put himself at the head of the party desiring reconciliation with the pope and, with the approval of Pope
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0823362.html (372 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Honorius II
		Callistus II died on 13 December, 1124, and two days later the Cardinal of Ostia was elected pope, taking the name of Honorius II.
		He was clothed in the scarlet mantle of the pope, while the Te Deum was chanted in thanksgiving, when the proud and powerful Roberto Frangipani suddenly appeared on the scene, expressed his dissatisfaction with the election of Teobaldo and proclaimed the Cardinal of Ostia as pope.
		The pope was less successful in his dealings with Count Roger of Sicily, who tried to gain possession of the lands which his deceased cousin William of Apulia had bequeathed to the Apostolic See.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/07456a.htm (1069 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Papal elections and conclaves by century
		The decree Licet de vitanda, promulgated by Pope Alexander III in the Lateran III Ecumenical Council, March 19, 1179, stated that "to prevent schisms in future, only the cardinals should have the right to elect the pope, and two-thirds of their votes should be required for the validity of such election.
		As a reprisal for Pope Gellasius II's escape to Gaeta and his refusal to immediately meet with him to discuss the affairs of the Church in Germany, Emperor Henry V named the deposed and excommunicated archbishop of Braga, Portugal, Maurice Bourdin, as antipope.
		Cardinal Gregorio Papareschi, seniore, Can.Reg.Lat., deaconry not known, perhaps S. Angelo in Pescheria, archdeacon of the Holy Roman Church was elected his successor on that same day and took the name Innocent II.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/conclave-xii.htm (6477 words)

	Chapter 4: The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca
		At Rome Pope Paschal II had been trying since the beginning of his pontificate to adjudicate the welter of conflicting claims and evidence supplied to him by the various parties in the Iberian church.
		The letter of Gelasius II to the besiegers of Zaragoza and the covering letter of the new Bishop Pedro of Zaragoza are followed by the confirmation of Archbishop Bernard.
		On October 7, 1120, from Melfi, Pope Calixtus II addressed five letters to Spain: to his new legate, Cardinal Boso, to Urraca herself, to Alfonso Raimúndez, to Archbishop Bernard of Toledo, and to the bishops of Spain.
	libro.uca.edu /urraca/urraca4.htm (11198 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Pope Innocent II
		Soon after his political opponents chose the anti-pope Anacletus II, and Innocent was forced to flee Rome, first to Pisa, then Genoa and finally to France.
		Innocent hoped to heal the wounds of the long schism, but he almost immediately became involved in lengthy political disputes involving the city of Tivoli, Italy and with Louis VII of France.
		Part of the court of anti-pope Clement III.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/pope0164.htm (148 words)

	Keeping Catholics Catholic Page XXV-The Timeline-The Twelfth Century
		Pope Urban III appointed Philip, the influential Archbishop of Cologne and Leader of the opposition to Frederick in Germany, as his legate.
		The solution was thus: Pope Calistus II agreed that elections of Bishops and Abbots might take place in the presence of the Emperor, and also that the Emperor might invest the Bishop with a Scepter, a symbol of temporal power.
		Pope Clement III was a wealthy Roman and had many influential relatives living in Rome.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Ithaca/6461/12cent.html (3535 words)

	In Italy Online - The Basilica of the Santi Quattro Coronati
		It was rebuilt, as was San Clemente, by Pope Paschal II (1099-1118) in the early twelfth-century, but on a much smaller scale.
		The interior of Santi Quattro Coronati, commissioned by Pope Paschal II in the early twelfth century.
		In the late Middle Ages the monastery was sometimes used as a refuge for Popes escaping conspiracies and conflicts in the nearby Lateran Palace, and as a protected hospice for important visitors to the papal court.
	www.initaly.com /regions/latium/church/4cor.htm (1761 words)

	Honorius II (d. 1130)
		Made cardinal bishop of Ostia (1117) by Pope Paschal II.
		When Count Roger II of Sicily and Calabria (later king of Sicily) had himself created duke of Apulia, Honorius raised a league of cities and barons in rebellion against Roger, who defeated Honorius' army and forced the pope to invest him as duke in return for his oath of fealty.
		Honorius' death was followed by a schism in which Roger supported Antipope Anacletus II (d.
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/BritannicaPages/PopeHonorius-II/PopeHonorius-II.html (212 words)

	Pope Urban II - Psychology Central
		Urban II died on July 29, 1099, fourteen days after the fall of Jerusalem to the Crusaders, but before news of the event had reached Italy; his successor was Pope Paschal II (1099–1118).
		Urban II, né Otho of Lagery (or Otto or Odo) (1042 - July 29, 1099), was a Pope from 1088 to July 29, 1099.
		France, the Pope said, was already overcrowded and the holy lands of Canaan were overflowing with milk and honey.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Pope_Urban_II (821 words)

	The papacy, religious change and church reform, 1049-1125: Popes Urban II and Paschal II on investitures and homage by prelates
		Popes Urban II and Paschal II on investitures and homage by prelates ©
		The papacy, religious change and church reform, 1049-1125: Popes Urban II and Paschal II on investitures and homage by prelates
		Nevertheless, this turned out to be a demand too far; Paschal II upheld it at first, but later papal councils returned to a mere condemnation of investiture.
	www.st-andrews.ac.uk /jfec/cal/papacy/comments/cd4com07.htm (272 words)

	Ancestors and Family of Henry V, Emperor of Germany
		He had already sent messengers to Pope Paschal II inviting him to come to Germany; he was prepared to reach a settlement provided the Pope granted him full rights of investiture of bishops.
		When, in 1118, Pope Gelasius II was elected successor to Paschal II, Henry set up an antipope, Gregory VIII, but the move failed.
		The Pope was willing to command the German churches to give back all lands and rights received from the crown if Henry would renounce the right to investiture, a bargain that was acceptable to Henry but not to the German bishops and princes.
	nygaard.howards.net /files/2550.htm (930 words)

	Sylvester -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		While the Investiture Controversy raged between the German king Henry V (later Holy Roman emperor) and Pope Paschal II, the imperialist faction, under Werner, margrave of Ancona, elected Maginulfo as successor to the imperialist antipope Albert (Aleric) on Nov. 18, 1105.
		He was the fourth in a line of antipopes set up against Paschal II.
		pope from 314 to 335, whose long pontificate saw the beginnings of the Christian Roman Empire.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9070708 (573 words)

	Paschal - CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Paschal II
		Paschal - CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Paschal II Paschal
		CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Paschal II Visit New Advent for the Summa Theologica, Church Fathers, Catholic Encyclopedia and more.
		Paschal II (pas ' k?l) [Lat.,=of Easter], d.
	toplinkonline.com /tlo/paschal.html (156 words)

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