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Topic: Population ageing

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	Press Kit: Population ageing: facts and figures
		The steady increase of older age groups in national populations, both in absolute numbers and in relation to the working-age population, will have a direct bearing on relationships within families, equity across generations, lifestyles, and the family solidarity that is the foundation of society.
		The country with the youngest population at that time is projected to be Niger, with a median age of 20 years, and the oldest is expected to be Spain, with a median age of 55 years.
		The 1994 International Conference on Population and Development recognized that the economic and social impact of population ageing is both an opportunity and a challenge to all societies.
	www.un.org /ageing/prkit/factsnfigures.htm (1996 words)

	Population Aging (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Aging of population (also known as demographic aging, and population aging) is a summary term for shifts in the age distribution (i.e., age structure) of a population toward older ages.
		Population aging is progressing rapidly in many industrialized countries, but those developing countries whose fertility declines began relatively early also are experiencing rapid increases in their proportion of elderly people.
		Population aging is thus related to the demographic transition, that is the processes that lead a society from a demographic regime characterized by high rates of fertility and mortality to another one with lower fertility and mortality rates.
	longevity-science.org /Population_Aging.htm (0 words)

	United Nations Population Fund - UNFPA
		Population Ageing in East and South-East Asia, 1950-2050: Implications for Elderly Care
		Population Ageing in East and South-East Asia: Current Situation and Emerging Challenges
		Population Ageing in Thailand: Prognosis and Policy Response
	cst.bangkok.unfpa.org (173 words)

	Policy Research Paper No. 13 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The growth occurs because, typically, the factor that heralds the onset of the transition is a decline in infant mortality.
		As fertility falls, the proportion of the population at the younger ages decreases; concomitantly, the proportion at the older ages increases.
		mean a decline in the proportion of the population at workforce age (that is, the primary tax base), when compared with the increased numbers of dependent elderly, and a reduction in the ability of governments to fund these pensions and services.
	www.facs.gov.au /research/prp13/sec1.htm (0 words)

	Asia-Pacific Population Journal 14 (4) - Article 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In contrast, population ageing and associated increases in the numbers of older persons are viewed unfavourably, mainly because they are perceived as posing growing burdens for economic support and health care, and thus as a "crisis" to be averted (World Bank, 1994).
		Population ageing, as measured by the percentage of the population aged 60 or older, is expected to be most advanced by 2050 in eastern Asia and least advanced in western Asia, even though differences in the levels will be quite modest at the start of the century.
		Population ageing refers to shifts in the age distribution of the population such that the relative share of persons at older ages increases and the share at younger ages decreases.
	pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th /~ckieatvi/Asia_Ageing.htm (0 words)

	The Daily, Thursday, December 15, 2005. Population projections
		Canada's population is ageing fast and senior citizens would outnumber children in about a decade, according to new population projections.
		The current median age of the population is 39, that is, half the population is older and half younger.
		In every projection scenario, the proportion of the working-age population, that is the population aged 15 to 64, would decline steadily in the 2010s and 2020s.
	www.statcan.ca /Daily/English/051215/d051215b.htm (0 words)

	National Statistics Online
		Population ageing will continue during the first half of this century, since the proportion of the population aged 65 and over will increase as the large numbers of people born after the Second World War and during the 1960s baby boom become older.
		Population ageing is defined as the process by which older individuals make up a proportionally larger share of the total population over a period of time.
		The median (or average age) is the mid-point age that separates the younger half of the population from the older half.
	www.statistics.gov.uk /cci/nugget.asp?id=949 (0 words)

	Population ageing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Population ageing is constituted by a shift in the distribution of a country’s population towards greater ages.
		Thus an increase in the population’s mean or median age, a decline in the fraction of the population composed of children, or a rise in the fraction of the population that is elderly are all aspects of population ageing.
		A decline in fertility increases the average age of the population by changing the balance of people born recently (the young) to people born further in the past (the old).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Population_ageing (0 words)

	UNFPA: POPULATION ISSUES: Meeting Development Goals
		Population ageing is an inevitable consequence of fertility decline, especially if it is combined with increases in life expectancy.
		A key indicator of population ageing is the median age (the age at which 50 per cent of the population is older and 50 per cent younger).
		In the area of population ageing, UNFPA’s objective is to influence public policy and promote policy dialogue to respond to the challenges posed by the social, health and economic consequences of population ageing and to meet the needs of older persons, with particular emphasis on the poor, especially women.
	www.unfpa.org /pds/ageing.htm (0 words)

	Optimum Population Trust: More information on an ageing population
		Population pyramids for developing countries with high birth rates and rapidly growing populations show a steep curve inwards and upwards from a wide base of young people to a much narrower band of old people - the shape of a pyramid.
		Demographically, the term 'ageing population' usually refers to the rising average age of a population, due to increasing numbers of older people (65 and over), increasing longevity and life expectancy and/or lower fertility (a decreasing birth rate).
		OPT's view is that trying to counter population ageing by increasing the birth rate or continuing to import immmigrants (immigration accounted for more than 60 per cent of UK population growth in 2001) simply defers necessary population stabilisation or reduction, and that a perpetually growing population poses much higher risks than an ageing population.
	www.optimumpopulation.org /opt.more.ageing.html (0 words)

	Workforce - Population ageing - Future of Work
		The ageing population also raises the concern that the growing number of retirees will increase the burden on the working population that supports them.
		A frequently used measure of the potential burden imposed by population ageing is the dependency ratio, which refers to the number of children (0-14 years) and elderly people (65 years and over) relative to the number in the working-age population.
		By 2051, it is likely that the population share of those 65 years and older will more than double, while the youngest share of the population will contract by nearly one-third.
	www.dol.govt.nz /futureofwork/workforce-ageing.asp (0 words)

	Australian local government population ageing action plan 2004 - 2008
		The implications of population ageing are increasingly being recognised.
		The Local Government and Shires Associations of NSW are planning to undertake a research study into the impact of the ageing population on local infrastructure in an effort to help formulate strategies for councils to address the problem.
		Addressing population ageing issues is a complex task that involves understanding the linkages between a wide range of activities, organisations and interests.
	www.alga.asn.au /policy/healthAgeing/ageing/plan (0 words)

	WHO \| The world is fast ageing - have we noticed?
		Ageing is a privilege and a societal achievement.
		In 2000, there were 600 million people aged 60 and over; there will be 1.2 billion by 2025 and 2 billion by 2050.
		Women outlive men in virtually all societies; consequently in very old age, the ratio of women/men is 2:1.
	www.who.int /ageing/en (0 words)

	World Population Ageing
		This report was prepared by the Population Division as a contribution to the 2002 World Assembly on Ageing and its follow-up.
		Population ageing is unprecedented, without parallel in human history—and the twenty-first century will witness even more rapid ageing than did the century just past.
		Population ageing is pervasive, a global phenomenon affecting every man, woman and child—but countries are at very different stages of the process, and the pace of change differs greatly.
	www.un.org /esa/population/publications/worldageing19502050 (218 words)

	Equitable policy responses to population ageing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Private income sources dwindle as people get to advanced ages, they are affected by death of a spouse, the dilapidation of homes they own and a wide range of other factors which impact on their quality of life.
		Age discrimination needs to be addressed particularly in employment but also in all other areas of social and economic life.
		Population ageing means the workforce is ageing but there is still rampant age discrimination in employment.
	www.cota.org.au /popageing.htm (0 words)

	Population ageing in NZ - Statistics New Zealand
		In fact, population ageing in New Zealand, as in other developed countries began over a century ago, with the onset of transition in fertility from relatively large to relatively small families.
		This was much faster than for the rest of the population: for instance the number of children under 15 years and those in the working ages (15-64 years), increased by 54 and 109 percent respectively.
		Latest projections indicate that the population aged 65 years and over is expected to grow by about 100,000 during the current decade, to reach 552,000 by 2011.
	www.stats.govt.nz /products-and-services/Articles/pop-ageing-Feb00.htm (2513 words)

	SD : People : Population ageing in developing societies: How urgent are the issues?
		Ageing has emerged as a global phenomenon in the wake of the now virtually universal decline in fertility and, to a lesser extent, of increases in life expectancy.
		(a) the quotient of the size of population aged under 15 by that of the population aged 15-59, or juvenile dependency ratio, and (b) the quotient of the size of population over 59 by that of the population aged 15-59, or old-age dependency ratio.
		Inequalities in the transition to ageing are reflected in the varying degrees of attention given to its economic and social implications in different regions.
	www.fao.org /sd/2001/PE0403a_en.htm (3314 words)

	Population ageing and government health expenditures - Policy Perspectives Papers - The Treasury
		Over the next 50 years, the proportion of the population aged 65 and over is expected to double.
		Historically, population change has made a much smaller contribution to health expenditure growth in New Zealand than have “non-demographic” factors such as increases in input prices and changes in medical technology.
		Population change is likely to assume greater importance from the 2020s, but non-demographic factors will nevertheless remain the key determinant.
	www.treasury.govt.nz /workingpapers/2005/pp05-01.asp (356 words)

	UNECE/EAD/Population Activities Unit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Various issues related to population ageing and the social and economic status of older persons are also central to the programme entitled "Generations and Gender: A Study of the Dynamics of Families and Family Relationships", which the PAU is coordinating.
		Currently, the PAU is collaborating with the Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA and National Statistical Offices of interested member states of the UNECE on the IPUMS Europe project.
		The Conference considered and adopted two main documents: the Regional Implementation Strategy for the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing 2002, adopted by the Second World Assembly on Ageing (Madrid, April 2002), and the Berlin Ministerial Declaration: A Society for All Ages in the UNECE Region.
	www.unece.org /ead/age/Welcome.html (0 words)

	BBC NEWS \| UK \| Census paints portrait of ageing UK
		The overall population of the United Kingdom on the day of the census - 29 April, 2001 - was 58,789,194 - about one million lower than estimates made in mid-2000.
		The overall UK population was 17% higher than in 1951, but this growth was lower than the European Union average of 23% and far below the growth in the United States (80%) and Australia (133%) over the same period.
		The proportion of over 60s has risen from 16% to 21% of the population in the past 50 years, while the proportion of under 16s has fallen from 24% to 20%.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/uk/2287650.stm (0 words)

	SPA :: Ageing
		The average age of the Australian population is gradually increasing, however, it still has a healthy dependency ratio (the ratio of workers to dependents).
		Ageing is caused by the transition from an expanding to a stable population and also from increased life expectancy as health care improves.
		Several reputable studies have shown that the prospect of an ageing population is not a major problem for Australia, and potential labour shortages can be off-set by allowing those who wish to remain in the workforce longer to do so, or by absorbing the million or more unemployed or underemployed into the workforce
	www.population.org.au /issues/ageing.htm (0 words)

	Sub-replacement fertility - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The two main effects of sub-replacement fertility are population decline and population ageing.
		Despite half the world's population having below replacement fertility, the world's population is still growing quickly due to those nations with above replacement fertility often having rates considerably higher, and population momentum: the fact that many of the women who will have their 2.1 children or fewer are alive but have not yet reproduced.
		Population aging may pose an economic burden on societies, as the number of elderly retirees rises in relation to the number of young workers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Natural_population_decrease (0 words)

	Economics of the ageing population: the role of mature age employment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Australia's population is ageing very rapidly because of increased life expectancies and low birth rates.
		With the ageing of the population, the median age of the population is also getting much higher– there is increasingly little justification for Australia's view of itself as a young country.
		The median age for the population is predicted to rise from 35 in 2001 to around 45 in 2051.
	www.cota.org.au /economic.htm (0 words)

	Department of Social Policy and Social Work. Research - Demography and Population Ageing
		The Oxford Population and Migration group is primarily concerned with the creation and analysis of a demographic database of demographic trends in over 50 industrial countries from the second world war to the present day, together with appropriate socio-economic data.
		Beyond the description of trends, the project is concerned to analyse the convergence and divergence of demographic systems in developed countries in Europe and overseas and to account for these patterns in terms of the social and economic characteristics of those societies.
		The future of low-fertility populations, and the implications of persistent low fertility, is a special concern.
	www.apsoc.ox.ac.uk /Research_Demography.html (149 words)

	Why is Scotland's population shrinking and ageing? - A new research initiative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The number of people aged 65 and older is expected to rise by about 61 per cent from 819,000 in 2003 to 1.3 million by 2042.
		The number aged under 15 is expected to fall by about 30 per cent from 943,000 in 2003 to 677,000 by 2042.
		The population projections highlighted in this press release are produced by the Government Actuary's Department (GAD) and based on an extrapolation of the demographic situation in 2003.
	www.medicalnewstoday.com /medicalnews.php?newsid=22969 (0 words)

	Economic and Financial Affairs -The Economic Policy Committee- Ageing
		In the coming decades, the size and age-structure of Europe's population will undergo dramatic changes due to low fertility rates, continuous increases in life expectancy and the retirement of the baby-boom generation.
		Ageing populations will pose major economic, budgetary and social challenges.
		In this context, the Economic Policy Committee established a working group on ageing populations to examine the economic and budgetary consequences of ageing.
	ec.europa.eu /economy_finance/epc/epc_sustainability_ageing_en.htm (0 words)

	Planning for an ageing community
		ALGA and the Australian Government have developed the Australian Local Government Population Ageing Action Plan 2004-2008 to engage local government in a planned and coordinated national approach to population ageing issues.
		The first section of the paper highlights the main reasons why population ageing is a significant issue for local government.
		This week ALGA launched its online ageing strategy register which is a compilation of local government ageing strategies.
	www.alga.asn.au /policy/healthAgeing/ageing (0 words)

	Policy Implications of the Ageing of Australia's Population Conference - Productivity Commission Conference Proceedings
		The conference proceedings, Policy Implications of the Ageing of Australia's Population Conference, were released on 10 August 1999.
		The proceedings are from the conference convened by the Productivity Commission and the Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research on the 'Policy Implications of the Ageing of Australia's Population', held on the 18th and 19th of March, 1999.
		The conference explored the policy implications of the ageing of the Australian population across a broad range of topics, including its effects on economic growth, distribution of government revenue and expenditure in the long run, superannuation, health, the provision of long term care and housing arrangements and the like.
	www.pc.gov.au /research/confproc/ageing (0 words)

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