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	Porphyry (philosopher) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Porphyry is also known as a violent opponent of Christianity and defender of Paganism; of his Adversus Christianos (Against the Christians) in 15 books, only fragments remain.
		Porphyry's identification of the Book of Daniel as the work of a writer in the time of Antiochus Epiphanes, is given by Jerome.
		Porphyry was, like Pythagoras, known as an advocate of vegetarianism on spiritual or ethical grounds.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Porphyry_(philosopher) (714 words)

	Academy Reading Room - On Images - Porphyry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Porphyry explains why the gods and goddesses were represented in certain ways, and how their names and symbolism are allegorical references to the powers of nature or cosmic principles.
		Porphyry's work is a representative sample of the allegorical approach that was followed by many philosophers and writers in antiquity, including the Stoics, Plutarch, Philo of Alexandria, and the Neoplatonists.
		Porphyry had a strong respect for the views of Aristotle and further work by Porphyry at this time led to a revival in studies of the works of Aristotle.
	evans-experientialism.freewebspace.com /porphyry.htm (3666 words)

	Porphyry
		A.D.) was a Neoplatonist philosopher born in Tyre in Phoenicia.
		Porphyry was born in Tyre in Phoenicia (now in Lebanon), probably in 234 A.D. His name was ‘Malcus’, ‘king’ in his native tongue, hence he became ‘Basileus’ (‘king’) in Greek.
		For Porphyry, as for Plotinus, what matters most in life is to free one's soul from the calamities of the body and the sensible world in general so that it may become purely what it originally and essentially is, viz., a part of the intelligible world.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/porphyry (3259 words)

	Aenesidemus: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Pyrrho (c360 bc - c270 bc), a greek philosopher from elis, is usually credited as being the first skeptic philosopher and is the founder of the...
		Arcesilaus () (316-241 bc) was a greek philosopher and founder of the new, or middle, academy....
		Xenocrates of chalcedon (396 - 314 bc) was a greek philosopher and scholarch or rector of the academy from 339 to 314 bc....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/ae/aenesidemus.htm (1293 words)

	Porphyry.
		Porphyry believed that it was not only wrong to kill animals for their sake, it also interfered with the philosopher's ability to become like that of God, to be holy and just.
		Clearly, Porphyry was not vegan in the sense that we would speak of someone as being vegan today.
		However what is extraordinary about him (and indeed other philosophers such as Pythagoras and Plutarch), is that he abstained from the unnecessary killing and eating of animals because he believed in the worth of other beings other than the human and endeavoured to try to live a life that did the least harm.
	www.vegan.org.nz /porphyry.php (803 words)

	Plotinus - Crystalinks
		The only important source for the life of Plotinus is the biography that his disciple and editor Porphyry wrote as a preface to his edition of the writings of his master, the Enneads.
		That a philosopher who shows in his writings such a total lack of interest in the political side of Plato's thought and who preached withdrawal from public life should have made such a proposal is interesting.
		Some, it seems from their complexity, were destined for an inner circle of his closest friends and philosophical collaborators, such as Porphyry, Amelius Gentilianus from Tuscany (the senior member of the school), and Eustochius, who was Plotinus' physician and who may have produced another edition of his works, now lost.
	www.crystalinks.com /plotinus.html (1989 words)

	Open Directory - Society:Philosophy:Philosophers:A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Philosophically, he was a representative of the Italian Platonist school of humanist thought.
		He was the first philosopher to observe the use of definition, induction, and deduction in the formation of knowledge, and to attempt to correlate all human knowledge into a comprehensive system of ideas.
		British legal philosopher and theorist, widely regarded as the founder of "legal positivism." His theory was strongly influenced by Utilitarianism.
	dmoz.org /Society/Philosophy/Philosophers/A/desc.html (2475 words)

	Encyclopaedia Britannica: Platonism
		Plotinus, like most ancient philosophers from Socrates on, was a religious and moral teacher as well as a professional philosopher engaged in the critical interpretation of a long and complicated school tradition.
		An impressive and extremely difficult philosophical theology, employing ideas approximating Porphyry's version of Neoplatonism to explain and defend the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity, was produced in the second half of the 4th century by the rhetorician and grammarian Marius Victorinus.
		On the other hand, he differed from the philosophers who influenced him in his insistence that not only man but higher spiritual beings as well are mutable and peccable, liable to sin and fall, and in his consequent stress on the necessity of divine grace.
	www-rcf.usc.edu /~sbriggs/Britannica/neoplato2.htm (5587 words)

	Porphyry (philosopher): bio and encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		As Porphyry's most influential contribution to philosophy, the Introduction to Categories incorporated Aristotle's logic into Neoplatonism, in particular the doctrine of the categories (categories: more facts about this subject) interpreted in terms of entities (in later philosophy, "universal (universal: Coupling that connects two rotating shafts allowing freedom of movement in all directions) ").
		Porphyry's identification of the Book of Daniel (Book of Daniel: An Old Testament book that tells of the apocalyptic visions and the experiences of Daniel in the court of Nebuchadnezzar) as the work of a writer in the time of Antiochus Epiphanes (Antiochus Epiphanes: antiochus iv epiphanes (, greek: "glorious"),...
		Another book of his on the life of Pythagoras (Pythagoras: Greek philosopher and mathematician who proved the Pythagorean theorem; considered to be the first true mathematician (circa 580-500 BC)), named Vita Pythagorae or Life of Pythagoras, is not to be confused with the book of the same name by Iamblichus.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/porphyry_philosopher (730 words)

	Porphyry (c. 233-309)
		The late ancient philosopher Porphyry was one of the founders of Neoplatonism.
		Porphyry's attention to logic, metaphysics and all other topics was driven by his firm belief that reason exercised by pure mind leads to the true essence of things, the One God.
		Porphyry was born in the ancient Phoenician port of Tyre.
	www.muslimphilosophy.com /ip/rep/A093.htm (3491 words)

	Neoplatonism [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Porphyry's salvation theory is dependent, like Origen's, on a notion of the soul's objective relation to God, and its consequent striving, not to actualize its own divine potentiality, but to attain a level of virtue that makes it capable of partaking fully of the divine essence.
		One of the results of Porphyry's conservative position toward traditional religious practice and belief was the 'return' to the doctrine that the stars and planets are capable of affecting and ordering human life.
		Porphyry took issue with this view, in his Letter to Anebo, which is really a criticism of the ideas of his pupil, Iamblichus, where he stated that, since theurgy is a physical process, it cannot possibly translate into a spiritual effect.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/n/neoplato.htm (6884 words)

	Porphyry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Porphyry (geology), a very hard red, green, or purple igneous rock
		Porphyry of Gaza, a saint and bishop of Gaza circa 347–420
		Porphyry, a vineyard near Seaham, New South Wales
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Porphyry (103 words)

	[No title]
		Porphyry was a philosopher from Syria, and he was a pupil of Plotinus, whose teacher was the Alexandrian mystic Ammonius Saccus.
		Lots of Socrates' properties are accidental, being pale, being a philosopher, having a beard, being in the agora, being the teacher of Plato and so on are all accidental properties of Socrates.
		So in answer to Porphyry's first question, whether genus and species are real or are "situated in thought alone," there is reason to think that perhaps at least with species, they are real.
	www.philosophy.ccsu.edu /adams/Classes/Medieval/Porphyry.html (3573 words)

	NPNF (V2-01) (iii.xi.xix) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Porphyry, one of the most distinguished of the Neo-Platonists, disciple, biographer, and expounder of Plotinus, was born in 232 or 233 in the Orient (perhaps at Tyre), and at the age of thirty went to Rome, where he came into connection with Plotinus, and spent a large part of his life.
		Porphyry’s supposition, in the absence of definite knowledge, is not at all surprising, for Origen’s attainments in secular learning were such as apparently only a pagan youth could or would have acquired.
		Porphyry saw that the method of pagans and Christians was the same in this respect, and he may be correct in assigning some influence to these writings in the shaping of Origen’s thinking, but the latter was an allegorist before he studied the philosophers to whom Porphyry refers (cf.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/npnf201.iii.xi.xix.html (4708 words)

	Roman era philosophers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Ammonius Saccas (3rd century) was a Greek philosopher of Alexandria, often called the founder of the Neoplatonism.
		The details of the life of the philosopher Ammonius Saccas are so unclear that he has frequently been confused with a Christian philosopher of the same name.
		Porphyry (philosopher), quoted by Eusebius of Caesarea, however, says that he apostatized in later life and left no writings behind him.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Roman-era-philosophers (278 words)

	Burton-Christie on Plotinus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Thus Porphyry remarks, with obvious approval, that Plotinus's "lectures sometimes had the air of conversation."[34] He was willing to entertain all marmer of questions and rather than constructing a formal system, preferred to address individual philosophical problems as they arose.
		The philosopher's positive attitude toward culture determined both the day-to-day life within the philosophical school as well as the particular exercises followed in the quest for holiness.
		[42] The pagan philosopher's position as a "saint" and as an "honest broker" within his world came both because of his spiritual achievement and because it was achieved from within the core of his culture.
	www.ellopos.net /theology/eckhart_plotinus.htm (2449 words)

	How Greek Science Passed to the Arabs In Five Parts- Part Two De Lacy O'Leary D. D. - Part Two (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Porphyry says that his teaching was kept secret, also a Pythagorean idea, that he bound his pupils by oath not to disclose it, but that vow was broken first by Herennius, then by Origen.
		The seven philosophers expected to find an ideal state under the rule of a philosopher king, but were quickly disillusioned and discovered that an oriental tyranny could be worse than the severity of Justinian, and begged to be allowed to go back.
		Ammonius was a pupil of ProcIus and compiled a commentary on the Isagoge of Porphyry which became the standard Greek authority and was afterwards adopted by the Nestorians.
	evans-experientialism.freewebspace.com /oleary02.htm (9881 words)

	FavPorp.wp
		Therefore Porphyry composed his treatise on the five universals, in which he shows what each of them is. In the same way the book on the six principles is useful for the cognition of categories, since in this book the six principles, which are dealt with briefly in the Categories, are dealt with at length.
		Therefore the Philosopher says that man and animal and whatever is said universally of singulars is not a being, but it is understood, for whatever is a being outside the soul is particular, so that universals are otherwise, since they are understood.
		For the Philosopher says in Metaphysics V that “one” is said in three ways, one in genus, one in species, and one number, but “one” in its primary use is said of what is one in number, and in a secondary use it is said of what is one in genus or species.
	uwp.edu /~longeway/porphyry.htm (9791 words)

	TAPE 2: BOETHIUS ON PORPHYRY
		Porphyry (who edited the works of the founder of neo-Platonism, Plotinus) was especially keen on Aristotle.
		It has sometimes been suggested that conflict between pagans and Christians was the reason why Aristotle's logic and physics were prominent in the curriculum of the schools of Alexandria: study of these works was a good way to begin the study of philosophy without immediately becoming involved in religious controversy.
		In fact Porphyry does not set out any tree fully, but one that he sometimes alludes to would look like this (I suggest you set it out on paper): substance at the top, divided into corporeal substance and incorporeal substance; corporeal substance divided into animate and inanimate; animate (i.e.
	www.humanities.mq.edu.au /Ockham/x52t02.html (5997 words)

	Elias
		However, because of the survival of even later commentaries attributed to philosophers with Christian names such as Elias and David, it is commonly supposed that in the later 6th century pagan philosophy was indeed still being taught in Alexandria, by Christians.
		He must not sympathise with a philosophical school, as happened to Iamblichus, who out of sympathy for Plato is condescending in his attitude to Aristotle and will not contradict Plato in regard to the theory of ideas.
		Unfortunately, nothing else is known about a philosopher named Elias; apart from the late manuscripts of the extant commentaries we have no further evidence of the existence of a philosopher by that name.
	www.science.uva.nl /~seop/archives/spr2003/entries/elias (1532 words)

	The Reaction to the Bible in Paganism - By John Granger Cook
		Porphyry’s book Against the Christians created such a furor in the church that it was burned twice by Christian emperors (Constantine in IV C.E. and Theodosius II in V C.E.).
		Porphyry’s critique of the NT can be described as "superficial," but his flair for finding "contradictions" was apparently unmatched in antiquity.
		The philosophers’ reactions to the LXX and NT are indicative of the cultural struggles of late antiquity.
	www.bibleinterp.com /articles/Cook_Reaction_Bible_Paganism.htm (2190 words)

	Plotinus (205-270)... the great Egyptian philosopher
		The works of Plotinus, a renowned philosopher who was born in Egypt in 205 AD, are still well known today...
		Porphyry is credited for having arranged the works of Plotinus into six enneads (containing nine tractates each) and, because 'enneads' means 'groups of nine', they became known as the Enneads.
		The points of contention in particular were that while his theories seemed logical and feasible, at least to the extent humans can determine what might be feasible in metaphysical matters, he couldn’t quite 'close the circle' to everyone’s satisfaction.
	www.matrixbookstore.biz /plotinus.htm (2046 words)

	ipedia.com: Porphyry (philosopher) Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Porphyry was born Malchus in either Tyre or Batanaea in Syria, but his teacher in Athens, Cassius Longinus, gave him the name Porphyrius, a jesting allusion to the color of the imperial robes.
		Porphyry is well known as a violent opponent of Christianity and defender of Paganism; of his Adversus Christianas (Against the Christians) in 15 books, perhaps the most important of all his works, only fragments remain.
		His most famous extant book is about Pythagoras, named Vita Pythagorae or Life of Pythagoras, not to be confused with the book of the same name by Iamblichus.
	www.ipedia.com /porphyry__philosopher_.html (371 words)

	porphyry - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Porphyry (Greek porphyros, “purple”), term originally applied to an Egyptian rock composed of prominent crystals of feldspar embedded in a red or...
		Iamblichus (250?-330?), Syrian philosopher, a major figure and exponent of Neoplatonism.
		Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers--quickly search thousands of articles from magazines such as Time, Newsweek, The Atlantic Monthly, and Smithsonian.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /porphyry.html (63 words)

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