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Topic: Portland Stone

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	Stone Carving Workshops 2007
		Portland stone is a dense oolitic sedimentary limestone formed from the settling of calcareous fragments of shells and tiny skeletons of countless marine organisms and fossils during the Jurassic period 135 million years ago.
		Portland stone is used widely by sculptors and in the construction of buildings such as St Paul's Cathedral and Buckingham Palace.
		Although Portland Stone is reasonably soft to carve, it is a dense, hard wearing limestone, weighing 140 pounds a square foot.
	www.sculptureinstone.co.uk /page2.htm (238 words)

	Anvil Point to St. Aldhelm's Head and Durlston Head - Geology Field Trip Guide
		It occurs from the Basal Shell Bed of Portland and from the Prickle Bed or Puffin Ledge (J-J1) of the Isle of Purbeck according to Wimbledon and Cope (1978).
		The Portland Freestone in the Eastern Isle of Purbeck
		In terms of origin, the Portland Stone, the uppermost part of the Upper Jurassic Portland Group, is the result of a shallowing of the late Jurassic muddy seas (of the Kimmeridge Clay) to give way to clean white shoals of lime sand under shallow, clear, blue-green waters in a warm climate.
	www.soton.ac.uk /~imw/anvil.htm (3900 words)

	Isle of Portland
		Portland being a part of the ancient demense lands, the quarries are held by the sovereign as lord of the manor, and let out to proprietors under various forms of tenure.
		The masses of stone between these rifts have now to be removed, and as some of them weigh upwards of fifty tons, an amount of powder would seem required, far beyond the compass of half a dozen quarrymen, and the scanty mechanical means at their disposal.
		Thus the Portlander and his busy family, by an industrious and prudent use of the scanty favours of the comparatively barren rock on which they spend their days, contrive to support themselves in a degree of comfort rarely equalled by the poor of their own or any other country.
	www.cagenweb.com /quarries/articles_and_books/isle_of_portland.html (2675 words)

	Portland Sculpture and Quarry Trust - Regenerating the Quarry Landscape through Art, Industry, Community and Education
		Working with stone is a fine job, working with stone in a quarry is a challenge, you have to consider the material as part of the place; part of the earth.
		Artists were inspired by the surrounding elements of sea, sky and stone, integrating their work into a landscape originally quarried by hand, where evidence of geological time had been revealed by the quarrying process.
		The sculpture park and stone carving and sculpture workshops in Tout Quarry are courtesy of landowners Hanson Bath and Portland Stone and leaseholders Portland Town Council.
	www.learningstone.org (1439 words)

	Portland, Dorset, England
		Portland Castle at Castletown was built in 1539 following attacks by the French, its partner at Sandsfoot, Wyke Regis is now but a ruin due to sea erosion of the sandstone cliffs.
		To the east of the island is Portland Harbour, sheltered by breakwaters constructed in the last century by prisoners from the Verne Prison on Portland.
		The coastline of Portland is very dangerous to mariners, especially at night and in fog, and the Southern tip of the island is dominated by a lighthouse, which became automatic in 1996, and there are plans to turn it into a tourist attraction.
	www.thedorsetpage.com /locations/Place/P120.htm (737 words)

	Portland - Weymouth,Dorset,England - Portland & Portland Bill
		It is of course world famous for its quarrying of Portland stone, limestone, renowned for its hardness and durability.
		Other places which have utilised Portland stone are: the National Gallery, the Royal Naval College at Greenwich, New Scotland Yard, the Victoria and Albert Museum, and the Whitehall cenotaph.
		The walls of it are approximately seven feet thick and built of Portland stone.
	www.weymouth-dorset.co.uk /portland.html (814 words)

	Isle of Portland - Geology Field Trip Guide
		The Isle of Portland SSSI was notified in 1987 to the Weymouth and Portland Borough Council, Dorset County Council.
		The southern and larger one is assumed to be Portland Stone, whilst the northern one is a resistant bed in the Portland Sand.
		Stone quarried by the convicts was taken down the incline to Portland Nore at the start of the breakwater, sometimes at the rate of 2,000 to 3,000 tons a day (Legg, 1976).
	www.soton.ac.uk /~imw/portnew.htm (13755 words)

	Quarrying Info
		Stone within the quarry was traditionally cut using plugs and feathers, where a series of short, small diameter (typically 30mm) holes are drilled in a line where a cut is to be made.
		The first Portland stone quarries were situated on the north eastern coast of the Island, close to Rufus Castle, where huge landslips made the stone more easily accessible and the proximity of the sea, allowed the quarried stone blocks to be moved over relatively large distances by barge.
		Portland stone was used to build the Palace of Westminster in 1347, the Tower of London in 1349 and the first stone London Bridge in 1350.
	www.m.godden.btinternet.co.uk /quarrying_info.htm (3350 words)

	Where to collect fossils - Portland, Dorset England (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Island of Portland is basically a large lump of limestone.
		Portland stone has been quarried there for centuries.
		Portland limestone like Cotswold limestone is fairly fossiliferous, showing the shells of bivalves.
	web.ukonline.co.uk /conker/fossils/portland.htm (369 words)

	Learn How To Carve Stone
		The stone carving and sculpture workshop is in the heart of the quarry.
		For many people who come to carve for the first time, the experience of working in the open air workshops — surrounded by sea, sky and unlimited stone — has been a powerful stimulus for the imagination, leading to the discovery of new forms within their work.
		Portland stone is very dense: 1 cubic foot (0.03 cubic meters) = 140 pounds (63 kilograms).
	learningstone.org /workshops.html (673 words)

	BBC - Dorset - Features - Dorset's Rich Quarry
		Portland stone is extremely valuable, having been formed millions of years ago during the Jurassic Age, and its properties have made it a very useful material in the upkeep and building of prestigious buildings.
		Portland stone is formed under a layer of rock called the Lower Purbeck Beds.
		The stone underground has to be carefully cut out of the rock, and new equipment is used which cuts out the slabs of rock by first dry-cutting through the rock horizontally.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dorset/content/articles/2006/03/02/portland_quarry_stone_feature.shtml (844 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Virtually all stone used in Brighton is imported and the principle stones which are imported are Portland stone, from the Isle of Portland in Dorset, and Bath stone from the area around Bath.
		Bath stone is a similar sort of stone - they are both limestones - similar sort of surface, but a very much deeper, creamy colour.
		The other slightly interesting one is the Purbeck stone which is used for the kerbs, which is a very grey, fine-grain sandstone which was used very extensively throughout the 18th and 19th centuries and you'll see very many examples of those if you look around Brighton.
	www.mybrightonandhove.org.uk /tour_building_materials_stone.htm (298 words)

	Hampton Stone Ltd
		Hampton Stone is manufactured from natural aggregates with a standard range of mixes designed to reproduce finishes similar to Bath and Portland Stone, Red Sand stone and Weathered Limestone.
		Hampton Stone is a cast stone facing block for use as the external skin of cavity walls and is particularly suitable in areas where natural stone is the traditional building material.
		Particular attention has been paid to the face texture and colour by blending of natural stone and aggregates to give a finish which is pleasing, weathers naturally and will give an appearance which is sympathetic to the materials likely to be found in both new and refurbished work.
	www.hamptonstone.co.uk /products.htm (488 words)

	News Page - Portland Stone Mine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The famous Portland stone has been used on some of the world’s most beautiful buildings, and high demand over the centuries has left the Isle of Portland with a legacy of quarrying activity, including geological exposures and fauna and flora worthy of designation as SSSI’s.
		Recognising this, the idea of extracting the stone by underground techniques was conceived by Ken Bate, the Crown Mineral Agent, and the resultant Bowers Trial Mine was opened by Roger Bright, Chief Executive of The Crown Estate, in October 2002.
		A bed of commercially suitable stone, averaging six metres in thickness, is being extracted with diamond-wire saws and 'jet-belt' stone-cutters.
	www.thecrownestate.co.uk /newscontent/92_portland_stone_mine_05_04_15.htm (575 words)

	HughesStoneDesign.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Most are of cantilevered grand staircases for private houses, all in natural stone.
		The cantilevered stone staircase represents beautifully the ongoing development of the skills of the stonemason and the perfection of the craft of stonemasonry.
		The stairs and landings are in Portland Stone.
	www.hughesstonedesign.com /gal_staircases.php (666 words)

	Poetry in Stone, Portland, OR
		Poetry in Stone, Portland, OR Consult : I work directly with homeowners, architects, design consultants, and custom builders to create unique installations built from all natural stone.
		To ensure the use of quality materials, all natural stone is hand selected for each individual project.
		Stone; a symbol of strength and timeless beauty.
	poetryinstone.com (162 words)

	Accommodation in Portland hotels, guest houses, bed and breakfast, cottages, apartments, flats, holiday parks - Resort ...
		The mass of land that juts out into the channel is formed from a block of limestone 4 1/2 miles long by 3/4 of a mile wide and rises from near sea level in the south to over 400 ft high in the north.
		These days the Verne, on the top of Portland, is a prison, but it was originally constructed as a citadel for the army and held 700 men, though in time of war it could accommodate over 2000.
		Portland Castle, at Castletown, is well worth a visit and you will find Portland Museum at Wakeham, on the way to Portland Bill.
	www.resort-guide.co.uk /RESORTINTRO/destinations/portland.htm (1045 words)

	The Parish of Portland Dorset
		Portland is a peninsula of only 4½ mile length, off the south Dorset coast.
		The island is one mass of stone which is world renowned, the quarries have been in continuous use since the start of the 17thC and famous buildings such as St Paul's Cathedral and the Houses of Parliament are built from Portland Stone.
		Portland is a very populous parish and several people are transcribing the records.
	www.dorset-opc.com /PortlandFiles/Portland.htm (387 words)

	Albion Stone > profile > portland stone - naturally (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Albion Stone is committed to recognising the importance of balancing the interest of all our key stakeholders — employees, customers and the community in which our quarries, mines and factory are based, and we will endeavour to meet all of their needs.
		Albion Stone is fully committed to a policy of equal opportunity.
		The Company was based in South West London, with a workshop for working mainly Portland Stone for London projects.
	www.albionstonequarries.com /profile.htm (449 words)

	Stone Carving and Restoration by Gothic Stone Restoration
		Stone Restoration, Patching and Epoxy Repair We repair any building stone by patching or by introducing elements carved from the stone, called "dutchmen", into the damaged area and setting with epoxy.
		The life of historic stone surfaces can be extended and the appearance renewed by honing the outer surface to a level, sealed finish.
		Repair of damaged historic sculpture in stone and metal is a specialty.
	www.gothicstonerestoration.com (317 words)

	St George's Church, Portland, Dorset (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The George Inn, possibly the oldest inhabited building on Portland, is on the bottom edge of the red square overlooking the cricket pitch.
		Once a major centre for the stone industry, this huge factory was bought by Tod's of Weymouth for the manufacture of glassfibre mouldings but was near-derelict by 2002.
		The land stretching from the factory to the camera was the Portland household rubbish dump until it was compacted, covered with stone waste and used as the foundation for a small industrial estate.
	www.geoffkirby.co.uk /Portland/685720 (1278 words)

	Global Wholesale Supply - Portland Cement
		Global Wholesale Supply’s Portland cement is manufactured in compliance with ISO 9001 International Standards.
		Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general usage, as it is a basic ingredient of concrete and mortar.
		It was first manufactured in Britain in the early part of the 19th century, and its name is derived from its similarity to Portland Stone, a type of building stone that was quarried on the Isle of Portland in Dorset, England.
	www.globalwholesalesupply.com /portland_cement.html (262 words)

	A journey around Portland Photo Gallery by Marc Paull at pbase.com
		The Isle of Portland is a "wedged shaped" peninsular that juts out into the English channel from the coast of Dorset.
		The northern end of the island rises to the highest point and then slopes down to the Bill of Portland (or Portland Bill) at almost sea level, where there is a lighthouse to warn shipping of the treacherous tidal currents that prevail.
		Portland is famous mostly for the limestone that has traditionally been quarried here over the centuries.
	www.pbase.com /marc_paull/portland (251 words)

	Hanson Bath and Portland Stone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Hanson Bath and Portland Stone, based at Keynsham in Bristol, operates three underground mines in the Corsham and Bath area, a Cotswold stone quarry at Temple Guiting in Gloucestershire and masonry works to craft and shape the stone at Keynsham near Bristol.
		Bath stone has been used as a building material since Roman times although its most significant use was in the 18th and 19th centuries when John Wood and Beau Nash developed the classic Georgian city of Bath.
		We no longer supply Portland stone – the business was sold to Stone Firms Limited in 2004.
	www.hanson.co.uk /Operating-Companies/Hanson_Bath_Portland_Stone (284 words)

	Geological Society - News - Wrong kind of stone sends British Museum off its trolley
		Interestingly, both Bloomsbury cuckoos (the other being the University of London) are built of Upper Jurassic Portland Stone, that peerless white limestone that symbolises Authority and the State.
		English Heritage, whose headquarters behind the Geological Society are also built of Portland Stone (as is Burlington House), is said to be discussing with Camden Council various methods for “toning down” the fresh stone.
		In mechanical properties they are very close, although Portland is lower in porosity, but it is in colour that they will never be a match.
	www.geolsoc.org.uk /template.cfm?name=BritMus (1028 words)

	The Heritage Coast: Quarrying Portland Stone
		Up to a thousand Portlanders were employed in the quarries, those extracting the stone in gangs of three or four men and a boy.
		The best stone, the Whitbed, lay many feet down beneath topsoil, spoil, Cap (a strata of hard stone not much used for building) and Roach (another strata containing a mass of fossilised shells).
		Originally the stone was exported entirely by sea, being transported to the loading jetties by horses and specially designed low trolleys.
	www.theheritagecoast.co.uk /historyfile/portland_and_weymouth/portlands_deep_sea_harbour/quarrying_portland_stone.htm (310 words)

	Learning Stone / About Stone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		From October 2004 until October 2005, it was the home of the Portland and Sculpture Quarry Trust (previously psqt.org.uk).
		The Portland Sculpture and Quarry Trust is dedicated to the preservation of the traditional skills of Portland stone workers.
		The Stone Conversations pages and the Stone Directory have never moved — they are in the same place where they always were, but now under domain aboutstone.org.
	www.learningstone.net (169 words)

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