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Topic: Portuguese Timor

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	East Timor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste or East Timor is a nation in Southeast Asia, consisting of the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecussi-Ambeno, an exclave of East Timor situated on the western side of the island, surrounded by West Timor.
		The Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive in the area, in the 16th century, and they established an isolated presence on the island of Timor, while the surrounding islands came under Dutch control.
		The Portuguese Governor protested the invasion, and the Dutch forces returned to the Dutch side of the island.When the Japanese landed and drove the small Australian force out of Dili, the mountainous interior became the scene of a guerilla campaign, known as Battle of Timor, waged by Allied forces and Timorese volunteers against the Japanese.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/East_Timor (1782 words)

	Portuguese Timor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Portuguese Timor is the former name (1596 - 1975) of East Timor when it was under Portuguese control.
		Although Portugal was neutral during World War II, in December 1941, Portuguese Timor was occupied by Australian and Dutch forces, which were expecting a Japanese invasion.
		From the Portuguese and international perspective, it was technically only on May 20, 2002 that Portuguese Timor ceased to exist, as the territory gained independence once again.
	www.bucyrus.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Portuguese_Timor (219 words)

	Portuguese East Timor Island in 1942 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Portuguese "deportados", these were men who because of their revolutionary activities had been banished to the most distant Portuguese possession and under Garnett's prompting they became actively helpful and operated with the Australian patrols.
		To attack Timor Island would require at least two brigades, perhaps a division, that success would require that this force be carefully trained in amphibious landings on hostile shore, be equipped with suitable ship landing craft and support by air and naval forces essential.
		The 228th Infantry Regiment, with a battalion in East Timor since the invasion, were redeployed from Timor to Rabual on 5 September and the ending of the Japanese attacks in August was their need for preparation time in departure by sea.
	www.geocities.com /dutcheastindies/timor_port.html (4254 words)

	History_of_East_Timor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		From the 16th century onwards, East Timor was a Portuguese colony known as Portuguese Timor.
		The rest of the island of Timor, and the other islands that were later to become Indonesia, were colonised by the Dutch between the 17th and 19th centuries, and were known as the Dutch East Indies.
		The colony was declared an 'Overseas Province' of the Portuguese Republic in 1955.
	www.comicscomics.com /search.php?title=History_of_East_Timor (2995 words)

	East Timor. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The country occupies the somewhat narrower, eastern half of Timor island, the exclave of Ambeno (or Oecussi) on the northwest coast of Timor, and offshore islands.
		Although East Timor, whose economy is largely agricultural, was one of the world’s poorest nations at independence, it has offshore oil and gas fields in the Timor Gap off East Timor’s southern coast that are under development and are expected to generate income beginning in 2005.
		In 1950, Dutch Timor and the rest of the surrounding Dutch East Indies became the Republic of Indonesia.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ea/EastTimor.html (664 words)

	A short history of East Timor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Portuguese posessions in the archipelago are limited to the eastern part of the island when the Netherlands conquer the islands.
		Timor becomes a Portuguese colony, Portuguese Timor, subordinated to Portuguese India in 1632.
		During World War II Portuguese Timor is occupied by Dutch and Australian forces between 1941 and 1942 and by Japan between 1942 and 1945.
	www.electionworld.org /history/easttimor.htm (187 words)

	History of East Timor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The East Timorese, living in the eastern half of the island of Timor, which lies between Indonesia and Australia, occupy a land whose area is 14,874 km2.
		East Timor is extremely mountainous, so the majority of East Timorese had always lived in isolation, far from towns and foreign influences, tied to their fields and animistic practices.
		After World War 2 the Portuguese built a new harbour, a hospital, government offices, and schools - all in Dili - as well as health centres in all 13 districts and 52 sub-districts; however, in general, the territory's infrastructure, health services and educational provision was limited.
	www.solidamor.org /english/content/history/portugis.htm (620 words)

	Portuguese Return To Heal Old Wounds
		A total of 1,180 Portuguese are in East Timor and they are by far the biggest foreign contingent: 770 are with the armed forces, 150 are training police and another 260 - including 150 language teachers - are working in schools, training civil servants and helping with projects.
		East Timor's leaders, trying to build a country that is among the world's poorest, have gladly accepted the support.
		East Timor's leaders, who grew up under the Portuguese flag, opted for Portuguese as a national language when they drew up the constitution in an effort to preserve the territory's heritage and culture.
	www.etan.org /et2002b/may/19-25/19portug.htm (1969 words)

	[No title]
		This paper is an attempt to disentangle the complex strands of multilingualism in East Timor, both historically and contemporarily, in terms of the relations of Portuguese, Indonesian, Tetum, and the indigenous local languages of East Timor.
		The outposts in Timor were established primarily to facilitate Portuguese access to the sandalwood trade, while their major fort, port, and religious seminary were located on the island of Solor and at Larantuka on the island of Flores further west.
		Prior to 1975, Portuguese was the official government language in East Timor, and as such, was primarily the language of Church and State.
	www.uc.pt /timor/language.htm (2316 words)

	Official Web Gateway to the Government of Timor-Leste - The President (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Under the constitution, the president is the symbol of East Timorese independence and the guarantor of the smooth functioning of the republic’s democratic institutions.
		It was in 1974 that a left-wing coup in Portugal resulted in the beginning of decolonisation for Portuguese Timor, and shortly afterwards the Governor Mário Lemos Pires announced plans to grant the colony independence.
		On November 28, 1975, Fretilin declared the independence of Portuguese Timor as "The Democratic Republic of East Timor", and Gusmão was responsible for filming the ceremony.
	www.gov.east-timor.org /AboutTimorleste/pres.htm (804 words)

	East Timor Grapples With Languages
		After months of sometimes angry debate, the former Portuguese colony decided to make Portuguese one of its national languages - to be used in Parliament, in the official media and in schools - when it gains independence Monday after 24 years of often brutal Indonesian rule.
		On a remote mountain road in East Timor, a child sitting on a tree trunk manages to say "good-bye" or "good afternoon" in Portuguese, a language that is now being taught all over the territory, but with very slow progress.
		Timor`s children are having their first contacts with Portuguese (estimated to be spoken by between 10 and 15 percent of Timorese), under a program which has brought teachers from the ex- colonial power to work with locally recruited staff.
	www.etan.org /et2002b/may/12-18/14etgrap.htm (1204 words)

	Timor on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Timor is divided politically between Indonesia and East Timor (Timor-Leste).
		The Portuguese were the first Europeans to establish themselves in Timor; their claim to the island was disputed by the Dutch, who arrived in 1613.
		The Timor Gap, Wonosobo and the fate of Portuguese Timor.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/T/Timor.asp (684 words)

	Official Web Gateway to the Government of Timor-Leste - History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Anthropological investigations indicate that the first people to arrive in Timor, approximately 40,000 to 20,000 years BC, were of the Vedo-Australoide type, similar to the Vedas of Ceylon.
		Unlike the Portuguese the Indonesians favoured strong, direct rule, which was never accepted by the Timorese people who were determined to preserve their culture and national identity.
		As a result, one-third of the population were forced to resettle in refugee camps in West Timor and neighbouring islands.
	www.gov.east-timor.org /AboutTimorleste/history.htm (1220 words)

	Inside Indonesia - The Oecussi—Ambeno enclave
		The Oecussi-Ambeno enclave is an isolated district of East Timor on the north shore of Indonesian West Timor.
		It served as the capital of Portuguese Timor until the arrival of the Dutch, a hostile local kingdom, and prospects of a better harbour caused the Portuguese to shift their capital to Dili in the eighteenth century.
		The Portuguese tradition, and the enclave’s position as the birthplace of Catholicism in Timor, are the source of considerable pride there and throughout East Timor.
	www.insideindonesia.org /edit71/Oecussi.htm (1137 words)

	Portuguese Timor
		Portuguese Timor is the former name (1596-1975) of East Timor under Portuguese administration and during its existence shared Timor island with Netherlands Timor and, after 1949, Indonesian Timor.
		Portuguese Timor ceased to exist with the declaration of the Democratic Republic of East Timor on November 28, 1975.
		The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/po/Portuguese_Timor.html (67 words)

	East Timor
		East Timor is located in the eastern part of Timor, an island in the Indonesian archipelago that lies between the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean.
		Timor was first colonized by the Portuguese in 1520.
		East Timor's resistance movement was violently suppressed by Indonesian military forces, and more than 200,000 Timorese were reported to have died from famine, disease, and fighting since the annexation.
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0902237.html (1170 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- East Timor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On 20 September 1999 the Australian-led peacekeeping troops of the International Force for East Timor (INTERFET) deployed to the country and brought the violence to an end.
		Timor comes from the Malay word for "East"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands
		In late 1999, about 70% of the economic infrastructure of East Timor was laid waste by Indonesian troops and anti-independence militias, and 300,000 people fled westward.
	www.odci.gov /cia/publications/factbook/geos/tt.html (1171 words)

	East Timor Revisited
		The Indonesian invasion of East Timor in December 1975 set the stage for the long, bloody, and disastrous occupation of the territory that ended only after an international peacekeeping force was introduced in 1999.
		Besides confirming that Henry Kissinger and top advisers expected an eventual Indonesian takeover of East Timor, archival material shows that the Secretary of State fully understood that the invasion of East Timor involved the "illegal" use of U.S.-supplied military equipment because it was not used in self-defense as required by law.
		Fears that an independent East Timor could be used as a base by unfriendly governments or spur other secessionist movements in Indonesia had convinced hardliners in the military to press for annexation of the territory.
	www.gwu.edu /~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB62 (3542 words)

	AnthroGlobe Bibliography: East Timor
		An island in the Indonesian Archipelago, Timor is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sundas, with the Banda Sea of the Pacific on its northern shores and the Timor Sea of the Indian Ocean on its southern shores.
		The eastern half of the island was known as Portuguese Timor until the 1975 Indonesian invasion and illegal incorporation.
		Also, Sabana Kartasasmita's 1998 East Timor is a laughable defense of Indonesia's action in East Timor from the holder of a Ph.D. in economics and the occupant of several high positions in the Indonesian government.
	coombs.anu.edu.au /Biblio/biblio_etimor.html (2192 words)

	Greed At Core Of Indonesia's Timor Problem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Portuguese were followed by the Dutch (1602 to 1799 AD), the British (1811 to 1815 AD), and again the Dutch (1816 to 1908 AD).
		The governor of Portuguese Timor, in 1974, granted permission for political parties, and five emerged.
		East Timor became the 27th province of Indonesia, but this claim was not recognized by the UN.
	www.twf.org /News/Y1999/0922-Greed.html (1410 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- East Timor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Imperial Japan occupied East Timor from 1942 to 1945, but Portugal resumed colonial authority after the Japanese defeat in World War II.
		East Timor declared itself independent from Portugal on 28 November 1975 and was invaded and occupied by Indonesian forces nine days later.
		On 20 May 2002, East Timor was internationally recognized as an independent state.
	www.cia.gov /cia/publications/factbook/geos/tt.html (1171 words)

	Timor
		East Timor is the eastern part of the...
		Nightmare in East Timor - A Portuguese colony for 400 years until abruptly abandoned in 1975, East Timor was seized within a...
		The Timor gap: who decides who is in control?(East Timor) (Denver Journal of International Law and Policy)
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0848782.html (466 words)

	The Australian: Timor ease [February 26, 2005] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		That was 30 years ago, before Portuguese colonial collapse, Indonesian invasion, a long-running guerilla struggle for independence, a short spell of utter mayhem and finally an Australian-led UN intervention.
		When I came this way on a motorcycle in 1974 I had to ford the river; the penniless Portuguese had been too broke to bridge any of the island's many big rivers and there was scarcely a kilometre of sealed road outside the capital.
		Another pousada from the Portuguese era has been restored and kick-started back to life and this one is probably the most colourful place to stay in East Timor.
	www.theaustralian.news.com.au /common/story_page/0,5744,12375966%255E33975,00.html (1494 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Portuguese Timor, 1946-1975
		In 1951, Timor was proclaimed an OVERSEAS TERRITORY.
		At a time when the state administration was reactionary, the Catholic church, which ran the schools, promoted written Tetum and taught progressive contents; the church won influence and members and, if involuntary, contributed to the formation of a national movement.
		In 1974, progressive Portuguese military officers staged a coup d'etat, ending several decades of reactionary rule.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/seasia/ptimor19461975.html (199 words)

	The Jakarta Post - Online Special: East Timor at the cross road (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The free thoughts of the people of Portuguese Timor, to decide their own fate, are not consistent with the action taken in proclaiming Independence.
		Realizing that the situation caused by Fretilin, with their unilateral declaration of independence for Portuguese Timor, has resulted in the failure of any possibility for a peaceful solution, which is the wish of the people.
		This proclamation is the most truthful wish of the people of Portuguese Timor.
	www.thejakartapost.com /special/os_3_doc1.asp (463 words)

	Elections in East Timor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		East Timor (Portuguese/Tetum: Timor-Leste) is a country in South East Asia.
		East Timor has a population of around 1 million on 15,007 km².
		Freedom House rated the country on political rights with a 3 and on civil rights with a 3, both on a scale of 1 to 7 (in which 1 is the most free).
	www.electionworld.org /easttimor.htm (279 words)

	CNN.com - Helicopter crashes in E.Timor, two Portuguese peacekeepers killed - October 3, 2000
		Barbara Reis, the spokeswoman for the U.N. administration in East Timor, said the French-made Alouette-3 helicopter went down near the town of Same, about 55 kilometers (34 miles) southeast of the capital, Dili, just before sunset.
		Recent skirmishes with anti-independence militias in the former Portuguese colony prompted the Portuguese government to consider shifting more troops from a NATO-led peacekeeping force in Kosovo to East Timor.
		Portugal ruled East Timor as a colony for more than three centuries before it was invaded by Indonesia in 1975.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/ASIANOW/southeast/10/03/timor.helicopter.ap (364 words)

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