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Topic: Posadnik

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Veche

Novgorod Republic

Knyaz

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		Furthermore, the Prince had to establish his headquarters outside the city limits; he and his druzhina (retainers) could not own land in Novgorod or trade with the Germans; his renumeration as well as his rights to hunt and to fish were all regulated in great detail.
		The posadnik, and the tysiatskii, elected by the veche, shared executive duties with the Prince, and if need be, protected the interests of the city with the Prince.
		The Novgorian veche (the main city council, as opposed to the veche for the various smaller units of the city) invited and dismissed the Prince, elected the posadnik and the tysiatskii, and determined the selection of the archbishop by electing three candidates for that position.
	www.black-knight.org /penn/vespers/novgorod.txt (1117 words)

	Chronology of Novgorod's Political History
		Posadnik comes out in opposition to prince and henceforth is the leader of that opposition.
		Reform of office of posadnik undertaken by Ontsifor Lukich, who resigns, along with the rest of the council,.
		Indication that power is increasingly in the hands of a few wealthy elite families, who control the office of tysiatskii and take over functions that had belonged to the merchant-controlled tiun' courts.
	faculty.washington.edu /dwaugh/rus/novgorod/n-chron.html (623 words)

	His Magesty Lord Novgorod The Great / Veliky Novgorod (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The veche started electing the supreme executives of the Republic: the posadnik and the "tysyatskiy", commander of the town regiment.
		The Republic was the arena of a continuous fight between the territorial powers — the "konets": to gain political advantages.
		Ivan III abolished the republican institutions (the veche, posadniks, tysyatskyi).
	www.novgorod.ru /eng/hist/novgorod/novgorod.htm (3656 words)

	Chronology of Novgorod's Political History
		But princely power still very real: no posadnik seals and existing restrictions on princely land ownership confined to border lands.
		Evidence for principle of seniority in posadnik elections; special connections of boyar factions with boroughs of city.
		Reform of office of posadnik undertaken by Ontsifor Lukich, who, with rest on council, resigns.
	faculty.washington.edu /dwaugh/hstam443/n-chron.html (578 words)

	Polish and Russian Political History - Ivan III And The Sons Of Casimir, 1462-1506
		All treaties were subscribed on its behalf by the Posadnik and the Vladika, who also declared war and concluded peace on behalf of the Vyeche.
		Evidently he went to spy out the nakedness of the land, for, shortly afterwards, he sent to enquire what master the Archbishop and all Great Novgorod would be under, and whether they would now accept the Grand Duke's tyunui, or governors, in all their quarters.
		So strongly did the Posadnik fortify the city that, when Ivan's armies environed it, in the course of 1476, it was found to be impregnable by assault.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles11/slavic-europe-3.shtml (5520 words)

	Kievan Rus Database (Veche)
		The dukes edged them out by training their sons to rule during their lifetime so that the veche wasn't needed for a succession vote.
		In Novgorod, the posadnik was a sort-of judge and he could only be judged by the veche.
		12th century, In Novgorod: The obligation to judge nobody without the assistance of a special officer (posadnik) and the right of the folkmote to choose this posadnik.
	members.aol.com /mokosh/Veche.html (1295 words)

	The Veche
		Currently it is believed that the institution of the veche was created when these three settlements merged to provide for the town a government which would reflect the wishes of each of these settlements.
		One duty of the veche from very early times was to elect its posadnik, or mayor; the assembly was also usually convened in times of emergency.
		Later, as the power of the people behind this institution grew, the veche came to play a role in the confirmation of princes and archbishops-- or their deposition.
	members.tripod.com /nicolaa5/articles/Rus/veche.html (458 words)

	Novgorod
		The powerful city state controlled most of Europe's North-East, from today's Estonia to the Ural Mountains.
		The most important figure in Novgorod was the Posadnik, an official elected by the popular assembly (called Veche) from the city's Aristocracy.
		The Novgorod court was formally presided over by the Prince (also elected by the Veche), but his verdicts had to be confirmed by the Posadnik to become binding.
	www.ufaqs.com /wiki/en/no/Novgorod.htm (1302 words)

	Small Ships and Boats of the Finnish Navy
		Gunboats Klas Horn and Matti Kurki were originally escort vessels of the Yacht of the Czar.
		The original name of Klas Horn was Posadnik and that of Matti Kurki was Voivoda.
		Voivoda and Posadnik were among the ships that were sent to Far East during the Russo-Japanese War in 1905.
	users.tkk.fi /~jaromaa/Navygallery/Smallship/smallship.htm (5646 words)

	Kievan Rus Database (Novgorod: Government)
		Not hold court without the posadnik (an elected official in Novgorod) or the posadnik's delegate, to represent the city.
		His remuneration as well as his rights to hunt and to fish were all regulated in great detail.
		A system of dokladchiki (jurymen) functioned in the high court presided over by the posadnik.
	members.aol.com /ingigerthr/Novgorod_Government.html (777 words)

	Lions and Tigers and Bears
		During a late night meeting, the Japanese minister reluctantly revealed the fact that the Russian warship Posadnik had arrived in February and that Russian soldiers had indeed established a military base on the far side of the island.
		The Russians had built a comfortable settlement in their short six months on the island, with small cottages, vegetable gardens, domesticated animals, a hospital, five stone-lined water wells, even a sauna.
		Birilev told Oliphant that he had come to Tsushima to conduct coastal surveys and his mission was almost finished.
	www.koreanhistoryproject.org /Ket/C26/E2605.htm (2638 words)

	The Art of Speaking: Clarifying Concepts and Goals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		From this time on all major city office positions were filled by election, including the one of the “posadnik” – the mayor of Novgorod and the “Tysyatskii” – the commander of its militia.
		Even the archbishop of Novgorod had to be chosen by the Veche, usually by balloting from three announced candidates.
		The early known major contributors to its architecture were the “Posadnik” (mayor) of Novgorod Miloneg, and masters Korov Yakovlevich and Peter, whose family name was unknown.
	archive.1september.ru /eng/2005/04/1.htm (3728 words)

	LoAR Cover Letter
		The "Posadnik" in medieval Russia was the appointed ruler of a city or land, the representative of the Prince, who could be a member of the Prince's retinue, or of his family.
		He could also be chosen from among the citizens of a given city (usually a "boiarin"), or he could be elected, as he was in the city of Novgorod where he was always one of the boiars.
		The Russian word "gospodin," although is was used in period, is a form of address, not a title.
	www.sca.org /heraldry/loar/1997/05/cvr.html (2216 words)

	Novgorod Archaeology. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Some finds should be specially marked such as two-sided bone comb with circular ornamentation, bronze spiral-ended fibula, lead weight.
		4 lead seals were found: 2 of Alexander Nevsky, seal of posadnik and tiun.
		The earliest layers of the 9th - 10th centuries of fl humus 0.35-0.5 meters thick were found under layer of clay in the eastern part of excavation.
	arc.novgorod.ru /second.php3?menu=emain&content=article/eng/96-4.txt (683 words)

	Political Set Up of the Rus (general)
		Below these was an assembly of free men, known as the Veche, who could be summoned by any citizen ringing the Veche bell.
		In Novgorod there was a freely elected burgomaster, known as the posadnik, who ruled with the consent of the Veche and defended the interests of the town against the Prince of Kiev.
		Novgorod was independent of Kiev, and its relative democracy may be because of its connections with Scandinavia and the merchant towns of Western Europe
	www.ancientworlds.net /108381 (326 words)

	Novgorod Archaeology. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Field research in "Slavensky end" of medieval Novgorod.
		During September 1996 Archaeological Research Centre of Novgorod State Museum carried out field research on tracing of the wall of posadnik Fedor dated back to the 1335 AD, which was discovered by A.Artsikhovsky during his excavation in the 30's.
		The first trench was situated near Posol'skaia street in 18 meters to the south from the road.
	arc.novgorod.ru /second.php3?menu=emain&content=article/eng/96-5.txt (314 words)

	STRATGAMERS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		There no Prince has been allowed by tradition to dwell, for to the people of Novgorod, it still belongs to Yaroslav the Wise of so many centuries ago.
		Here there are many to meet, from various competing trading guilds, to the Posadnik that runs the city, to the Prince who commands her armies and conducts the majority of her diplomacy.
		A carriage rocks by you, men and women pass constantly in the square, winter's chill is not long off and there's so much to do.
	www.stratgamers.com /forums/index.php?showtopic=82 (555 words)

	Staraja Ladoga > Main
		This place was the capital of Russia for a short time, but soon Rurick moved the capital to Novgorod by politic reasons.
		In 1114 the first stone fortress in Russia was erected by the novgorod posadnik Pavel.
		Ladoga became a large trading city from now on, with numerous fairs, crafts, trades, et cetera..
	www.nortfort.ru /ladoga/index_e.html (536 words)

	The Ancient Novgorod (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		At the same time the prince also lost the control of the citadel and moved to the Gorodishche near which the Yuriev monastery and, a little later, the Church of Our Savior in Nereditsa were built by the princes for their personal use.
		The Novgorod boyars became the masters of the citadel in the person of the posadnik (a kind of burgomaster) and the arch-bishop, both chosen from the small class of wealthy boyars.
		Moving from the citadel meant that the princes also lost their cathedral—St Sophia.
	www.ceu.hu /medstud/manual/russian/stsophia.html (707 words)

	The Battle on the Ice
		And as he entered their land, he broke up his force into companies, and sent them off on detached service.
		And as they were so employed, the Germans killed commander Damash, the posadnik's brother, and Kerbet, men of great strength and valor; and with them many others; and some they took captive.
		But several men escaped to Grand Prince Aleksandr Iaroslavich.
	www.goldschp.net /SIG/nevskii/nev7.html (557 words)

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