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Topic: Positron emission tomography

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	Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
		Since PET is a type of nuclear medicine procedure, this means that a tiny amount of a radioactive substance, called a radiopharmaceutical (radionuclide or radioactive tracer), is used during the procedure to assist in the examination of the tissue under study.
		PET is most often used by oncologists (physicians specializing in cancer treatment), neurologists and neurosurgeons (physicians specializing in treatment and surgery of the brain and nervous system), and cardiologists (physicians specializing in the treatment of the heart).
		Positrons are emitted by the breakdown of the radionuclide.
	www.healthsystem.virginia.edu /uvahealth/adult_radiology/pet.cfm (1324 words)

	Nuclear Medicine, PET
		Positron emission tomography, also called PET imaging or a PET scan, is a diagnostic examination that involves the acquisition of physiologic images based on the detection of radiation from the emission of positrons.
		Positrons are tiny particles emitted from a radioactive substance administered to the patient.
		PET scans of the brain are used to evaluate patients who have memory disorders of an undetermined cause, suspected or proven brain tumors or seizure disorders that are not responsive to medical therapy and are therefore candidates for surgery.
	www.radiologyinfo.org /en/info.cfm?pg=pet (1367 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography Information on Healthline
		PET imaging is very accurate in differentiating malignant from benign cell growths, and in assessing the spread of malignant tumors.
		PET is also used to detect recurrent brain tumors and cancers of the lung, colon, breast, lymph nodes, skin, and other organs.
		PET is used in conjunction with compounds that closely resemble a natural substance used by the body, such as a simple sugar (e.g.
	www.healthline.com /galecontent/positron-emission-tomography (927 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography
		PET is one of the newest, most advanced methods for studying organs in the body such as the brain.
		The substances that can be labeled for PET scanning are limited only by the imagination of the investigators and the physical half-life of the positron emitting label (half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of the label to decay -- the faster the decay, the less time between injection and scanning).
		The PET image from the control state is then subtracted from the task state image.
	neurocog.psy.tufts.edu /images/positron_emission_tomography.htm (669 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography
		Positron emission tomography (PET) is a test that uses a special type of camera and a special test medicine (radioactive tracer) to look at organs in the body.
		A positron emission tomography (PET) scan is done in a hospital nuclear medicine department or at a special PET center by a radiologist or nuclear medicine specialist and a nuclear medicine technologist.
		Positron emission tomography (PET) is a test that uses tomography and a special test medicine (radioactive tracer) to look at organs in the body.
	www.webmd.com /hw/health_guide_atoz/aa80345.asp (1381 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography (PET) for Miscellaneous Applications
		Positron emission tomography (PET) images biochemical reactions and physiological functions by measuring concentrations of radioactive chemicals that are partially metabolized in the body region of interest.
		The scanners used for PET imaging are very similar to those used for x-ray computed tomography, but PET requires more complicated technology and computerized mathematical models of physiologic functions and tracer kinetics for generation of images.
		Positron emission tomography (PET) for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
	www.bcbst.com /MPManual/Positron_Emission_Tomography.htm (1527 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography
		PET uses the difference in the metabolism rates of cells to show physicians the difference between healthy tissue and diseased tissue, or cancerous tissue and scar tissue.
		PET scans are particularly useful in diagnosing and asssessing or staging many types of cancer such as breast, colorectal, head and neck, esophageal, lung, lymphoma, melanoma, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers as well as musculoskeletal tumors.
		PET is also frequently used for certain cardiology (heart) patients and is effective in determining various neurological (brain) diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s Disease, stroke and epilepsy.
	www.dmc.org /pet (663 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography (PET) for Oncologic Applications
		Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans are based on the use of positron emitting radionuclide tracers coupled to organic molecules such as glucose, ammonia, or water.
		Positron emission tomography (PET) for detection of distant metastasis and recurrence of lung cancer.
		Positron emission tomography with [18-F] fluoro-2-deoxy-D- glucose (18 FDG PET) in diagnosis of retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis of testicular tumors.
	www.bcbst.com /MPManual/Positron_Emission_Tomography_for_Oncology.htm (4556 words)

	Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging
		Positron emission tomography is a non-invasive imaging method to obtain quantitative molecular and biochemical information of physiological processes in the body, which means that PET imaging shows the chemical functioning of organs and tissues in the living object.
		The Resolution of this PET device was 4.5 mm (FWHM) and the smallest block of radioactive rods had diameter of 2.0 mm and were separated by 10 mm (between the midpoints of the rods).
		PET imaging is used also to assess the kinetics of drug-receptor interaction to determine the presence and level of in vivo expression of receptors in tumors without the necessity of biopsy and to aid in selection of the appropriate therapy.
	www.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu /martinos/research/technologiesPET.php (2913 words)

	Positron emission tomography (PET) scan - MayoClinic.com
		PET scanning is important in determining neurological conditions, heart disease and the spread of cancer.
		Within the PET machine are multiple rings of detectors that record the emission of energy from the radioactive substance in your body, creating an image of a part of your body.
		However, PET scanning often is used along with a CT or MRI scan to produce a three-dimensional view of an organ or tissue.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/pet-scan/CA00052 (1879 words)

	Positron emission tomography (PET): The basics Medicine and Health Rhode Island - Find Articles
		PET refers to the branch of nuclear medicine where a radioactive positron emitting radiopharmaceutical is administered to a patient for the purposes of producing tomographic images of the distribution of the radiopharmaceutical.
		The radio-isotopes that decay by positron emission include Fluorine-18, which is readily linked to a glucose analog to produce 2-(F-18) fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG), and carbon-11, nitrogen-13, and oxygen-15, which have the advantage of being the atoms that are the basic building blocks of all physiologic processes.
		Positron emitting radio-isotopes can only be produced in sufficient quantity for medical use by a cyclotron: the high cost of purchasing and maintaining a cyclotron limited this technology to only a few sites in the country.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4100/is_200305/ai_n9296699 (696 words)

	TRIUMF: Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
		PET allows us, for the first time, to measure in detail the functioning of distinct areas of the human brain while the patient is comfortable, conscious and alert.
		Positrons are given off during the decay of the nuclei of specific radioisotopes.
		The PET programme at TRIUMF and UBC is in a unique position among world medical research centres in having many of the expensive major facilities required to mount a powerful PET programme.
	www.triumf.ca /welcome/petscan.html (798 words)

	Positron emission tomography - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		PET is also used in pre-clinical studies using animals, where it allows repeated investigations into the same subjects.
		Neurology: PET neuroimaging is based on an assumption that areas of high radioactivity are associated with brain activity.
		PET for Cancer - Introduction to PET as it relates to cancer diagnosis, staging, and treatment.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Positron_emission_tomography (2239 words)

	Emory Healthcare \| \| Positron Emission Tomography, PET \| "
		PET, or Positron Emission Tomography, has greatly enhanced the ability to diagnose many diseases in the earliest stages, helping physicians improve treatment for their patients and ultimately, extending and saving lives.
		PET uses special radiological pharmaceuticals to trace abnormalities in the targeted area of the body.
		A Positron Emission Tomography scan using 18-fluorodeoxyglucose, will generate a small amount of radiation that is comparable to what you would get by living in Denver, Colorado for two years.
	www.emoryhealthcare.org /departments/Radiology/services/PET.html (1223 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography (PET) - Texas Heart Institute Heart Information Center
		Positron emission tomography (PET) is a scan that uses information about the energy of certain elements in your body to show whether parts of the heart muscle are alive and working.
		PET scanning uses a radioactive substance, which is injected into your bloodstream.
		The PET scanner is a large machine that has a short, open-ended tube in the middle (like a very short tunnel).
	www.texasheart.org /HIC/Topics/Diag/dipet.cfm (489 words)

	Frankford Hospitals - Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scan)
		Positron emission tomography (PET) is a specialized radiology procedure used to examine various body tissues to identify certain conditions.
		PET is also being used in conjunction with other diagnostic tests such as computed tomography (CT) to provide more definitive information about malignant (cancerous) tumors and other lesions.
		PET scans may be performed on an outpatient basis or as part of your stay in a hospital.
	www.frankfordhospitals.org /healthinfo/t_and_p/neuro/TP010.html (1951 words)

	PET Scan: PET Scan Info Reveals ...
		Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a powerful imaging technique that holds great promise in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases, particularly cancer.
		PET scanning provides a more complete picture, making it easier for your doctor to diagnose problems, determine the extent of disease, prescribe treatment, and track progress.
		PET (Positron Emission Tomography) and CT (Computed Tomography) scans are both standard imaging tools that physicians use to pinpoint disease states in the body.
	www.petscaninfo.com (153 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Nuclear Medicine Works"
		In a PET scan, the patient is injected with a radioactive substance and placed on a flat table that moves in increments through a "donut" shaped housing.
		PET provides images of blood flow or other biochemical functions, depending upon the type of molecule that is radioactively tagged.
		However, there are few PET centers in the country because they must be located near a particle accelerator device that produces the short-lived radioisotopes used in the technique.
	science.howstuffworks.com /nuclear-medicine2.htm (326 words)

	EXN.ca \| Discovery
		Using a brain imaging technique called PET (positron emission tomography), British researchers have shown that playing a video game can increase the activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain.
		Using PET to scan the brain, researchers found that dopamine levels were increased in a brain region called the striatum (an area known to be involved in the control of movements like playing the piano) while subjects played a video game.
		So many questions remain, yet this experiment is unique because it is one of the first to use PET scanning to show that a human behaviour can change dopamine levels in the brain.
	exn.ca /Stories/1998/06/12/59.asp (740 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography
		Because radioactive isotopes are unstable, as they decay, they throw off positrons that collide with electrons and produce gamma rays that shoot off in nearly opposite directions.
		PET systems use the paths of the two detected gamma rays to determine the originating collision point, a process called electronic collimation.
		A combined team from BNL, LBNL, and SUNY Stony Brook are developing miniature mobile PET and MRI scanners for brain imaging in mice and rats without anesthesia.
	www.doemedicalsciences.org /abt/sidebars/pet.shtml (195 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography (PET) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		PET is being used to examine the biological function of tracer doses of molecules in living sytems including humans.
		The quantification in vivo using PET generated data is now producing crucial information on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and drug interactions at targeted enzyme and receptor sites, thereby aiding critical decisions, which can lead to shortened times for clinical development and drug approval.
		While currently there is a rapid growth of interest in PET techniques, with enhanced industrial and government investment, there is a skills shortage in radiochemistry and cyclotron operations, which is likely to inhibit the anticipated wider deployment of PET techniques.
	www.imperial.ac.uk /cpd/pet/index.htm (724 words)

	The role of positron emission tomography with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in respiratory oncology -- Vansteenkiste and ...
		The use of positron emission tomography (PET) in the differential diagnosis of indeterminate solitary pulmonary lesions.
		Positron emission tomography of lung tumors and mediastinal lymph nodes using [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose.
		The usefulness of FDG positron emission tomography for the detection of mediastinal lymph node metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a comparative study with X-ray computed tomography.
	erj.ersjournals.com /cgi/content/full/17/4/802 (7969 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Positron Emission Tomography - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Positron Emission Tomography (PET), in nuclear medicine, technique for imaging internal body tissues.
		PET requires a cyclotron as an on-site source...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Positron_Emission_Tomography.html (148 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
		Positron emission tomography (PET) is a type of nuclear medicine that measures metabolic activity of cells.
		Used mostly in patients with brain or heart conditions and cancer, PET helps to visualize the biochemical changes taking place in the body, such as the metabolism of the heart muscle.
		PET differs from other nuclear medicine examinations in that PET detects metabolism within body tissues, whereas other types of nuclear medicine examinations detect the amount of a radioactive substance collected in body tissue in the location under examination.
	www.chw.org /display/PPF/DocID/21987/router.asp (407 words)

	ThirdAge: Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
		Positron emission tomography (PET) produces images that show the amount of functional activity in the living tissue being studied.
		For example, during a heart PET scan, you may be asked to walk on a treadmill.
		Except for the pinprick associated with the injection, a PET scan is a painless procedure.
	www.thirdage.com /healthgate/files/22175.html (641 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography - Picture - MSN Encarta
		Positron Emission Tomography - Picture - MSN Encarta
		This positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the brain shows the activity of brain cells in the resting state and during three types of auditory stimulation.
		PET uses radioactive substances introduced into the brain to measure such brain functions as cerebral metabolism, blood flow and volume, oxygen use, and the formation of neurotransmitters.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461519549/Positron_Emission_Tomography.html (83 words)

	Positron Emission Tomography
		Comparative Efficacy of Positron Emission Tomography with FDG and Computed Tomographic Scanning in Preoperative Staging of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
		The Utility of Positron Emission Tomography for the Diagnosis and Staging of Recurrent Esophageal Cancer.
		SPECT and PET in the Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease.
	www.ratc.com /pet_newsletter/pet_references.htm (804 words)

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