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Topic: Possessions of Sweden

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	Dominions of Sweden - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		By the Treaty of Oliva between Poland and Sweden in 1660 following the Northern Wars the Polish king renounced all claims to the Swedish throne and Livonia was formally ceded to Sweden.
		By the peace treaties of Brömsebro (1645) and Roskilde (1658) the Realm of Sweden expanded to the south.
		Sweden received the German town of Wismar with the surrounding countryside in the Peace of Westphalia (1648).
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Dominions_of_Sweden (778 words)

	Sweden - MSN Encarta
		The young nobleman was crowned king of Sweden as Gustav I Vasa.
		However, he was killed in 1718 in a futile invasion of Norway, and Sweden had to conclude a series of treaties that stripped the country of most of its possessions.
		Sweden’s so-called “era of liberty” ushered in a half century of rivalry, political strife, and foreign and domestic blundering.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761563138_10/Sweden.html (1295 words)

	Sweden
		Charles IX (of Sweden) (1550-1611), king of Sweden (1604-11), the youngest son of King Gustav I Vasa, born in Stockholm.
		Zygmunt landed in Sweden in 1598 and was defeated by Charles at Stãngebro.
		Gustav VI Adolph (1882-1973), king of Sweden (1950-73), son of King Gustav V, born in Stockholm, and educated at the universities of Uppsala and Oslo.
	website.lineone.net /~johnbidmead/sweden.htm (4127 words)

	ipedia.com: New Sweden Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		New Sweden, or Nya Sverige, was a Swedish colony in North America corresponding roughly to today's state of Delaware but also containing settlements elsewhere, such as New Stockholm (now Bridgeport) and Swedesboro in New Jersey, as well as others in Pennsylvania and Maryland.
		By the middle of the 17th century the Realm of Sweden had reached its greatest territorial extent and was on the verge of becoming one of the great powers of Europe.
		In 1643, the company expanded along the river from Fort Christiana, established Fort Nya Elfsborg on the north bank near present-day Salem, New Jersey In May 1654, the Dutch Fort Casimir was conquered by the New Sweden colony, led by governor Johan Rising.
	www.ipedia.com /new_sweden.html (488 words)

	Sweden History \| iExplore.com
		Sweden’s contact with the rest of Europe is first recorded in the Viking period, when the country traded furs and arms with Russia, along the eastern passage.
		Sweden won the last remaining Baltic territories not under their control – Prussia and Pomerania – but Gustav was killed at the battle of Lützen in 1632.
		Sweden chose not to join the European single currency at its inception in 1999, public support was lacking and the government felt that economic conditions were not right.
	www.iexplore.com /dmap/Sweden/History (1345 words)

	History of Sweden - SWEDEN.SE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Sweden's expansion in the east continued during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries through the incorporation of Finland into the Swedish kingdom after several crusades.
		After Sweden intervened in 1630 with great success in the Thirty Years' War on the side of the German Protestants and Gustav II Adolf had become one of Europe's leading monarchs, Sweden defeated Denmark in the two wars of 1643-45 and 1657-58.
		However, Sweden was, except for some small iron works and the copper mine at Falun, a purely agrarian country based on a natural economy, and lacked the resources to maintain its position as a great power in the long run.
	www.sweden.se /templates/cs/BasicFactsheet____3116.aspx (3720 words)

	Tour Scandinavia
		Sweden expanded during the 16th and 17th centuries, achieving empire from 1611 to 1718, an apex enjoyed by king Charles X Gustav.
		The peace treaties of 1719 to 1721 shrank Sweden's overseas possessions to Finland and a few other lands, and signaled that Russia was now the strongest power in the Baltic region.
		Sweden lost Finland to Russia, and most of its wealth to the Napoleonic Wars of 1803 to 1815.
	www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com /archive/scan2.htm (1081 words)

	NewChurchHistory.org
		On his return to Sweden in the autumn of that year, he presented "to the Secret Committee of the House of Nobles, a Memorial on the Impolicy of Declaring War against Russia." To understand this Memorial, we must know something of the background.
		Sweden did not have sufficient men or money to carry on a protracted war, and she could expect no help from Poland, and little more than promises from France.
		Sweden is not the guarantor of the Polish Election, nor is she bound thereto by any treaties.
	www.newchurchhistory.org /articles/awa1942.php (3375 words)

	Sweden Travel
		Sweden is a land of striking physical and visual contrasts.
		Sweden is famous for smorgasbord, an assortment of cold and hot foods placed on a large table for self-service.
		Sweden was one of the last regions to lose the ice that covered most of Europe thousands of years ago.
	www.northerner.com /sweden.html (5636 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Denmark
		On the same day he cause all bishops to be imprisoned and to be deprived of their possessions; the monks and nuns were permitted to leave the monasteries; if they preferred to remain, they were forced to admit Lutheran preachers and to suffer all possible persecution.
		In the former kingdom Charles Knutsson was raised to the throne; in Denmark and in Norway Count Christian of Oldenburg, the husband of Christopher's widow, and with him the house of Oldenburg, succeeded to the sovereignty.
		Moreover, it was forced to cede Norway to Sweden by the treaty of Kiel (1814).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04722c.htm (10883 words)

	Sweden Heritage and History of Sweden
		Sweden's early history, like its day-to-day life, is intimately wrapped up with the natural rhythms of season and climate.
		In 1632, the by-then legendary commander was killed at the battle of Lützen, leaving Sweden a troubled legacy of vast possessions, great influence, and a century of almost constant war.
		Modern Sweden maintains a worldwide reputation for its progressive social welfare policies, which were the outcome of a steady evolution toward democratic government that began in the early nineteenth century.
	www.scantours.com /heritage_and_history_of_sweden.htm (608 words)

	Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Queen Margaret of Denmark and Norway conquers Sweden from Albrekt of Mecklenburg.
		The Finnish border is moved east and Sweden's possession of Estonia is recognized by Russia in the peace of Teusina.
		Sweden is drawn in to the Napoleonic wars and loses Finland to Russia.
	home.student.uu.se /o/orma1967/Kartor/Sverige/sweden.htm (224 words)

	The History of Sweden
		These conflicts, which became interwoven with efforts to maintain Sweden’s national unity and the economic interests it shared with the Hansa, culminated in the so-called bloodbath of Stockholm in 1520, when eighty of the leading men in Sweden were executed at the instigation of the Danish union king, Kristian II.
		After Sweden intervened in 1630 with great success in the Thirty Years’ War on the side of the German Protestants and Gustav II Adolf had become one of Europe’s leading monarchs, Sweden defeated Denmark in the two wars of 1643–45 and 1657–58.
		Sweden therefore applied for full membership of the European Community (EC) in 1991, and became a member of the European Union (EU) on 1 January 1995 after a referendum in November 1994 that gave “Yes to the EU” 52.3% of the votes.
	www.bolag.org /english/sweden/general/e-s-history.htm (3143 words)

	::The Great Northern War::
		By the end of the war, Sweden had lost her supremacy as the leading power in the Baltic region and was replaced by Peter the Great's Russia.
		They also had a shared belief that Sweden by the 1690's was a spent force and that her territory was waiting to be cut up by a superior force.
		While Sweden was fighting Denmark, Augustus invaded Livonia but quickly withdrew when Charles XII transferred his army to Livonia from Denmark.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /great_northern_war.htm (1819 words)

	World Homes Network - Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Sweden in 1611 was lacking in population, internal communications, and material resources, and its geographical position was unfavourable for the expansion of its trade, since its way to the North Sea and the Atlantic was controlled by Denmark.
		War with Russia gave Sweden control of what is now the Baltic coast of Russia, while war with Poland ended in a truce (1629), which confirmed Sweden in possession of Livonia (most of present-day Latvia and Estonia) and gave it a grip on the mainland of Germany.
		Sweden became an important power in Germany, and was recognized as the leader of Protestant Europe, and the greatest power of the north.
	www.world-homes.net /atlas/europe/Scandanavia/sweden.htm (3226 words)

	History of Sweden - SWEDEN.SE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Fourteen thousand years ago the whole of the present country of Sweden was covered by a thick ice cap.
		In other respects, eighteenth-century Sweden was characterized by rapid cultural development, which partly occurred in close contact with France.
		When Sweden took over the EU presidency during the first half of 2001, this also opened up opportunities for the government to play a more prominent part in Europe.
	www.sweden.se /templates/cs/Print_BasicFactsheet____3116.aspx (3675 words)

	Swedish Wars - The Swedsih Peace Treaties 1700 - 1721
		When Sweden had forced Poland to remove August of Saxony from the throne of Poland, the Swedish candidate Stanislav Leczinski was crowned new king of Poland on September 24, 1705.
		In the treaty, Sweden was to give up an area in southern Pommern, more exactly, the land south of river Peene and east of river Oder plus the islands Usedom and Wollin.
		The purpose was to regain the Skåne provinces in southern Sweden.
	www.algonet.se /~hogman/slkrig_eng17c.htm (1198 words)

	[No title]
		It had to think about remedial action, because Sweden kept Eastern Pomerania (Hinterpommern) occupied even after the Westphalian Peace Treaty of 1648, it was not until 1653 that the borders of Brandenburg were finally honored by the "Grenzrezess" (compromise concerning the borders) of Stettin.
		The highest court for all of Sweden's possessions in Germany was established in Wismar in 1653.
		In the Swedish-Brandenburg War (1672-1679) the elector defeated Sweden in an open field battle close to Fehrbellin (June 1675) and conquered Stettin in 1677; Rugen, Greifswald, and Stralsund in 1678; and in the winter campaign of 1678-9, drove Sweden almost from the entire Baltic coast.
	members.tripod.com /~radde/PrussianSwedish.html (2282 words)

	Sweden History - TravelPuppy.com
		She made an effort to establish a united Scandinavia (the Union of Kalmar) however this did not last long after her death and, during the 15th century, the nobility were not able to do much as they pleased at the expense of royal authority.
		Sweden won the last remaining Baltic territories not under their control, Prussia and Pomerania, however Gustav was killed at the battle of Lützen in 1632.
		She abdicated in 1654 and the reigns of her 3 successors (1654 to 1718) were dominated by military campaigns, characterised by a slow retreat (in the face of Austria and Russia) and punctuated by spectacular but hesitant victories, such as Narva (1701).
	travelpuppy.com /sweden/history.htm (1046 words)

	Children in Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Sweden is a country located in northern Europe and occupies the eastern portion of the Scandanavian peninsula.
		They are approaching their goal of employing eighty-percent of the population between the ages of 20 and 64, and their unemployment rate will be reduced to four-percent in the year 2000.
		Sweden is also taking steps to end gender inequality and segregation in the workforce.
	www.tulane.edu /~rouxbee/kids99/sweden.html (326 words)

	Timeline Sweden
		In response Sweden seized the territory of Estonia with the major port of Reval.
		1924 Mar 15, Sweden recognized the U.S.S.R. 1927 Jan 30, Olof Palme, PM of Sweden (1969-76, 1982-86), was born in Stockholm.
		In Sweden construction of a controversial tunnel was halted when water draining from the tunnel was found to be contaminated by the sealing compound, Rhoca-Gil.
	timelines.ws /countries/SWEDEN.HTML (7662 words)

	NAHA // Norwegian-American Studies
		Malmborg began his work in Sweden by translating and publishing, in the newspapers of the various provinces, material that was furnished him by the company.
		The former, he reported, were slowly being squeezed out of their possessions in Sweden by the large landowners, and were easily induced to leave the country for America.
		Norway and Sweden as well as other northern European countries became literally honeycombed with a hierarchy of emigration agents maintained by Canadian provinces and American states, railroads, and steamship companies, all striving to promote and direct emigration to the regions in which they were particularly interested.
	www.stolaf.edu /naha/pubs/nas/volume06/vol06_5.htm (6907 words)

	Possessions of Sweden - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is a list of possessions of Sweden held outside of Sweden-proper during the early modern period.
		Fiefs that were held for a limited time.
		New Sweden (New Sweden Company in Delaware, 1638-1655)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Possessions_of_Sweden (188 words)

	Sweden: History - A part of Randburg
		Nineteenth-century Sweden was also marked by the emergence of strong popular movements like the free churches, the temperance and feminist movements and, above all, the labour movement.
		The latter, which grew in pace with industrialisation in the second half of the nineteenth century, was reformative in outlook after the turn of the century and the first representatives of social democracy entered the government as early as 1917.
		Sweden today is characterised by a high average standard of living and a well-developed system of social security, but at the same time by a decline in certain sections of trade and industry, which has led to a substantial measure of economic restriction.
	www.randburg.com /sw/general/general_5.html (565 words)

	Swedes in Pennsylvania - Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In English, that is “New Sweden,” but it would be twenty years before English became the official language of this colony.
		Indeed, a high proportion of the colonists on the Delaware were Finns in language and culture, or were Finlandssvenskar—the ethnic Swedes who through settlement had become a majority of the population in the coastal provinces of Finland.
		Since Sweden had projected her American colony at the height of her military success in the Thirty Years’ War (1618–48), her domain at the time extended to the coastline of the Baltic Sea, much of Poland and Prussia, and a number of independent German towns.
	www.phmc.state.pa.us /ppet/swedes/page1.asp (381 words)

	Travel Tips Of Sweden
		She made an attempt to establish a united Scandinavia (the Union of Kalmar) but this did not last long after her death and, during the 15th century, the nobility were able to do much as they pleased at the expense of royal authority.
		Both inflation and unemployment (2.2 and 4 per cent respectively) are close to the EU average.
		Sweden’s major bilateral trading partners are Germany, the UK, Norway, Denmark and the USA.
	www.southtravels.com /europe/sweden/history.html (1386 words)

	White-Smith Music v. Apollo
		The existence of either of the conditions aforesaid shall be determined by the President of the United States by proclamation made from time to time as the purposes of this act may require.
		By proclamation of the President July 1, 1891, the benefit of the act was given to the citizens of Belgium, France,British possessions and Sweden,which countries permitted the citizens of the United States to have the benefit of copyright on the same basis as the citizens of those countries.
		The notion of property starts, I suppose, from confirmed possession of a tangible object and consists in the right to exclude others from interference with the more or less free doing with it as one wills.
	digital-law-online.info /cases/209US1.htm (3271 words)

	Denmark History
		Several hundred years later, Britain was out of Denmark's orbit but Sweden and Finland had been acquired.
		But through the succeeding centuries, Finland, Sweden, and Norway all took different paths -- Finland and Sweden to independence and Norway to the control of Sweden.
		Other possessions went to Prussia (Schleswig-Holstein) and even the United States (Virgin Islands, sold in 1914).
	www.nationbynation.com /Denmark/History1.html (164 words)

	Sweden : In Depth : Dateline \| Frommers.com
		1319: Magnus VII of Norway unites Sweden with Norway.
		1389: Margaretha rules Sweden, Norway, and Denmark by the Union of Kalmar.
		1648: Treaty of Westphalia grants Sweden the possessions of Stettin, Bremen, and West Pomerania.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/sweden/0243020051.html (350 words)

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