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Topic: Possessive suffixes

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	Possession (linguistics) - Information, Resources, Links and Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Possession, in the context of linguistics, is an asymmetric relationship between two constituents, the referent of one of which (the possessor) possesses (owns, rules over, has as a part, has as a relative, etc.) the referent of the other.
		Possession may be marked in many ways, such as simple juxtaposition of nouns, a possessive case, a construct state (for example, see Arabic grammar: state), or adpositions (possessive suffixes, possessive adjectives).
		Possessive pronouns in Hawaiian are associated with nouns distinguishing between o-class, a-class and neutral pronouns according to the relationship of possessor and possessed.
	www.cyberpedia.net /info.php?title=Possession_(linguistics) (493 words)

	Possessive suffix - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In linguistics, a possessive suffix is a suffix attached to a noun to indicate its possessor, much in the manner of possessive adjectives.
		Omission of the possessive suffix allows to distinguish the plural for the possessed objects, although this is not considered proper language; e.g.
		Systematic omission of possessive suffixes is found in spoken Finnish, wherever a pronoun in the genitive is used.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Possessive_suffix (629 words)

	A commentary address
		One of the main ideas in professor Honti's presentation (Honti 1995) is that at least some of the case suffixes known from the nominal declension were also present in the inflection of personal pronouns, and that they were responsible for the formal difference in verbal and possessive suffixes.
		Furthermore, not only the westernmost branches of Uralic show the original difference in the verbal vs. possessive suffixes (e.g., 1sg m vs. mø) but on the basis of the Samoyed material it dates back to Proto-Uralic, and an attempt to explain the difference as a Finno-Volgaic innovation by Korhonen (1981, 267--269) is therefore obsolete.
		Irrespective of its potential connection with a denominal adjectival derivative, a suffix j was probably present in Proto-Uralic as the marker of an oblique plural case form, which contrasted with the nominative plural in t.
	www.helsinki.fi /~tasalmin/cifu8.html (1170 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Possessive pronominal prefixes are one subtype of pronouns in Nahuatl that attach to a noun stem.
		PRONOMINAL POSSESSIVE PREFIXES: Indefinite Possessive Prefixes of Nouns, Prepositions, and Adverbs.
		The suffix -UH is limited to a low number of noun stems that end in a vowel; while, the suffix -HUI is limited to some nouns stems ending in a consonant (Campbell 2: 33).
	nahuatl.info /lesson10.htm (524 words)

	Turkish Language - Some More Turkish Suffixes
		This suffix is also used gramatically in Turkish to form the Possessive Relationship, which is very important in the Turkish Language.
		However it can also be suffixed to the word in which case it does follow vowel harmony rules and becomes -le or -la or -yle -yla after vowels.
		This suffix gives the sense of belonging to something or somewhere, it is widely used with place names - especially to say where one is from.
	www.turkishlanguage.co.uk /moresuffixes.htm (1572 words)

	Language Log: Overpossessive
		That is, for people who can distribute possessives, the resulting expressions are systematically ambiguous between reference to one thing (the distributed possessive) and two (coordination of ordinary possessives).
		In any case, the possessive suffix is suppressed in speech, its presence indicated in spelling by a final apostrophe.
		The possessive suffix is suppressed not only by a plural Z suffix, but by other Z suffixes as well.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/003800.html (1683 words)

	Inalienable possession in Finnish and English: the use of possessive pronouns/suffixes with nouns designating parts of ...
		Interest in inalienable possession dates at least as far back as Lévy-Bruhl’s (1914) study in which he noted that in Melanesian languages there are different grammatical structures for nouns designating inalienable as opposed to alienable phenomena.
		In Finnish, meanwhile, the possessive suffixes, which are clearly the result of the process of synthesis (kirjat + me = kirjamme) can, as we have seen, be dropped altogether under certain circumstances, and this might well be an indicator of a drift towards less synthetic and more analytic structures generally.
		Formally, then, a plural instructive + possessive suffix is identical to a comitative, and in view of the rarity of such instructives, it is tempting to see this particular example as a comitative.
	www.eng.helsinki.fi /hes/Corpora/inalienable_possession.htm (5051 words)

	Davis, Case and Pronominal Suffixes
		First, a subset of the case suffixes are obligatorily followed by a second case morpheme.
		Case suffixes divide into two groups: grammatical (nominative, accusative, temporal, vocative, and genitive) and semantic (ablative, allative, locative, and instrumental).
		The first consonant in the suffix cannot be immediately syllabified and a light syllable is not allowed word-finally, which is where the suffix occurs underlyingly.
	ling.wisc.edu /davis.htm (268 words)

	Possession using possessive suffixes ands the ezafe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		These are added to any noun to indicate possession of it.
		Possession with the ezafe (it is written this way but pronounced ezaafe)
		The negative of this form and the previous form is just nist with the correct suffixes.
	www.phrasebase.com /forum/read.php?TID=1341&page=2 (2182 words)

	Chapter 7: Possessives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		We don't use possessive pronouns, but possessive suffixes (added at the end of the word).
		In Lebanese you will rarely need to use a possessive suffix after a dual form (see note as to why), but you will when speaking of body parts that come in pairs.
		The reason you're not likely to ever use a possessive suffix after a dual is the implied notion that if two objects belongs to somebody, there is no point in informing the person that there are two of them.
	www.cedarseed.com /water/leb7.html (1031 words)

	Granum :: Kirjantiedot
		The suffixal elements involved in the variation include case endings, plural markers and possessive suffixes.
		Morphotactic variation is regarded as a result of ordering rule conflicts in circumstances created by the relatively analytic character of the declensional forms and the introduction of complex plural forms (with possessive suffixes) into the language.
		A central role in the emergence of the variation is played by the grammaticalization process whereby secondary plural suffixes are being formed from words.
	granum.uta.fi /granum/kirjanTiedot.php?tuote_id=229 (146 words)

	UH Press Journals: Oceanic Linguistics, vol. 32, no. 2 (1993)
		This paper provides what is primarily a synchronic description of possession in Larike, and attempts to draw insights pertinent to the study of possession in related languages.
		In general, the suffixes used to indicate the possessive relationship are not obligatory unless the words are spoken n the absence of the possessor noun.
		An examination off the linguistic context in which these possessive suffixes are dropped or substituted by other suffixes is crucial to a proper understanding of Larike possessives.
	www.uhpress.hawaii.edu /journals/ol/OL322.html (1126 words)

	Altas HG
		It is used for the subject of the sentence and sometimes for non-specific direct objects.
		For example, the general concept of "bus stop" is rendered as awtobus duralgasy, whereas the posessive awtobusyň duralgasy would indicate "one bus's stop." In these direct relation pairs, the first noun, in its nominative form, acts more as an adjective than a noun, specifying the genreal meaning of the two-word concept.
		To form the comparative, the -dan/den suffix (than) is added to the noun being compared, and the suffix -rak or -räk is then added to the adjective.
	www.altynasyr.8m.com /portal/ta5.htm (522 words)

	American Turkish Association of North Carolina (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Suffixes are added to words to indicate grammatical functions such as number or tense.
		Nouns and verbs in Turkish do not change structurally as suffixes are added; that is, the root of the word stays the same and may take any number of suffixes.
		In Turkish, possessive suffixes are used to express "with whom or with what a thing or concept is related to." There are three singular and three plural suffixes:
	www.ata-nc.org /culture/computinginturkish.html (2542 words)

	[b-hebrew] YHWH pronunciation
		Ani (or, with non-essential suffix consonant, anoci) is "my essence," abstracized as I. Ata is anta, "thine essence" that became "thou." Anacnu is similarly "our essence." Different etymologies were proposed for hu, but for our case only u is important, 3s possessive suffix, making hu some word emasculated into he and 3s possessive suffix u.
		Iao would be literally "my, thine, his" (i-a-u, or later i-a-o), but I speculate that Iao stands more generally for "I, thou, he" epitomized by the possessive suffixes.
		Suffix consonants (caf 2s nouns, tav 2s verbs) served perhaps to write down suffixes without matres lectionis, or perhaps to avoid post-tonic gemination in penultimates-stressed nouns.
	lists.ibiblio.org /pipermail/b-hebrew/2005-August/024647.html (705 words)

	Review of Sollamo, Repetition of the Possessive Pronouns in the Septuagint
		Repetition of the Possessive Pronouns in the Septuagint.
		The "repetition of the possessive pronouns" mentioned in the title reflects the tendency in Attic Greek, in lists of two or more nouns, to use a possessive pronoun with only one of the nouns (e.g.
		It has been common in LXX studies to assume that repetition of possessive pronouns reflects the use of resumptive pronouns in Hebrew and is hence a Hebraism.
	rosetta.reltech.org /TC/vol01/Sollamo1996rev.html (612 words)

	Orthographic Rules For The Uzbek Language
		But if a suffix beginning with the same letter is added to these words one letter is dropped from the end of the word: metall+lar= metallar (metals), kilogramm+mi=kilogrammi (one kilogram of...).
		When a possessive suffix is added to multi-syllabic words ending in the consonants "k" or "q", and also to some words of one syllable, the consonant "k" becomes "g" and "q" becomes "g'" in both speech and writing:
		But when a possessive suffix is added to multi-syllabic assimilated words and to the majority of one syllable words, the sounds "k" and "q" from the root are preserved in both speech and writing:
	www.oxuscom.com /orthography.htm (5718 words)

	Reports Submitted to FAMSI - Kerry Hull - A Dictionary of Ch'orti' Maya, Guatemala
		For example, when the plural suffix -ob' is added to a vowel-final term, such as apatna, ‘he/she works’, the resulting form is apatno'b' (see Fought 1971; Wichmann 1999).
		Nouns with possessive suffixes (usually in conjunction with possessive prefixes) in -Vr may be listed after the unpossessed main entry (e.g., kanar {pf.
		If, however, there are no overt indicators outside of the possessive pronoun for the body part to indicate the possessor, I will use standard possessive pronoun in Spanish to make the referent clear.
	www.famsi.org /reports/03031/section05.htm (3238 words)

	Jordan: Nahuatl Grammar Notes
		Ten verbs (in their preterit stems) are frequently used as suffixes to other verbs to lend more complex nuances.
		Add the suffix -ni to verbal stem (and form the plural by adding -meh to that): mati = to know, tla.mati = to know (something), tla.matini = scholar, tla.mati.ni.meh = scholars, the scholarly people.
		It is divided into prefixes and suffixes (based on which side of the root the affix goes on).
	weber.ucsd.edu /~dkjordan/nahuatl/nahugram.html (3350 words)

	I Lam Arth
		As the reader may know, possessives and demonstratives in English are analyzed syntactically as determiners (they certainly cannot coexist with other determiners; “my house” and “this house” are grammatical, and “my the house” and “the this house” are not).
		The possessives and demonstratives that appear with the article i may be analyzed in a quick and obvious way: as syntactically adjectives rather than determiners.
		It may be that this is the reason for the use of a possessive suffix instead of an independent adjective.
	sindarin.weet.us /syntax.html (3325 words)

	Anishinaabemowin - Grammar Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Possessive form indicates that the noun is possessed by someone.
		Locative forms with suffixes: /-ang, -ing, -ong/ (a vowel in a suffix depends on a stem of a noun).
		Negations are formed with a word gaawiin – «no, not» and a negative suffix /-sii/ or /-zii/ for vai and vta, /-siin/ or /-ziin/ for vti and vta, /-sinoon/ or /-zinoon/ for vii.
	www.first-ojibwe.net /translations/weshki-ayaad/gram_notes.html (4706 words)

	Cica - Hungarian language module
		Suffixes (words preceeded by a +, or sevs defined as suffix) are being concated to the previous word, changing -a and -e to -á and -é, respectively.
		The suffixes listed above will be concated obeying the grammar rules and / or vowel harmony (busz +v#l => busszal).
		Fixed some bugs in the morphology method and the possessive suffixes.
	stud3.tuwien.ac.at /~e0125767/cica/Magyar.html (306 words)

	The Baal (and the Asherah?) in Seventh-Century Judah p. 2
		possessive suffix on the term, asherah: it is neither Samaria nor Teman, nor yet Uriah, but Yhwh.
		A preferable alternative, in the light of HB usage, where asherah, as a term for a god, like baal, is always determined, is to conclude that asherah denotes a class of deities (the Asherot or Ashtarot of HB), and that the suffix here stipulates precisely which member of the goddess-class, asherah, is meant.
		Given the fact that in Biblical usage, asherah in the singular is not the name of a goddess, but a common noun sometimes denoting a goddess, it is understandable that a possessive suffix might be employed -- in place of a definite article -- to indicate precisely which goddess is being mentioned.
	pages.sbcglobal.net /zimriel/Baal/baal2.html (3423 words)

	Language of the Lacandones (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The clause structure is morphologically ergative; yet, the extent to which it is syntactically ergative needs yet to be determined (Christian Lehmann 2001, personal communication).
		Verbs take suffixes to indicate valency (especially transitivity, causation, reflexivity), tense, aspect, mood and person.
		The verb complex is introduced by tense/aspect/mood markers that co-occur with corresponding suffixes on the verb.
	web.uvic.ca /lacandon/oldsite/pages/language.htm (363 words)

	LEARN TURKISH-TATAR-ENGLISH EASILY
		Auxiliary verb "idi" (or its suffix form) added to the present continuous tense does the job.
		This is a basic tense in all Turkic languages.
		As with past continuous and perfect, auxiliary verb "idi" (or its suffix form) does the job.
	www.ultranet.tv /oyrenmelik (379 words)

	Possessive Pronouns
		A possessive pronoun is a part of speech that attributes ownership to someone or something.
		For example, in the phrase, “These glasses are mine, not yours”, the words “mine” and “yours” are possessive pronouns and stand for “my glasses” and “your glasses”, respectively.
		Some languages have neither possessive pronouns nor possessive adjectives, and express possession by declining the personal pronouns in the genitive or possessive case, or by using possessive suffixes.
	www.possessive-pronoun.com (167 words)

	Hungarian: Lesson Eight: Possession
		Which suffix to use depends of course on person (my book, his book, etc..) and on vowel harmony, and also on whether the noun ends in a consonant or a vowel.
		Soon there will be a glossary of all the words in the course in which the 3rd peron singular possessive suffix will be shown (this form is more often irregular).
		The nak/nek suffix is the English dative 'to', and must be used when the possessor is named.
	www.personal.psu.edu /faculty/a/d/adr10/hu8.html (576 words)

	Uralic Grammatical Reconstructions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The predicate of embedded clauses was in form a verbal noun, where personal possessive pronominal suffixes were used to signal its subject.
		The role of the embedded clauses was in form a verbal noun, where personal possessive pronominal suffixes were used to signal its subject.
		The role of the embedded clause in the overall sentence was shown by case markings on the verbal noun (a nominalization) which was the core of the embedded clause.
	users.cwnet.com /millenia/Ugrammar.html (304 words)

	language universals (from Doudna 11-5) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The problem is that a dichotomy for the whole referential world by definition must be imprecise.
		>As an analogy, imagine a language in which nouns have possessive >pronominal suffixes and possessive pronominal prefixes which >have the same meaning and can be used as free variants.< Languages have organizing principles that lead to certain patterns.
		Possessive affixes, in principle, would NOT be expected to be free variants.
	lists.ibiblio.org /pipermail/b-hebrew/2001-May/010798.html (350 words)

	diss page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		(1) Semantic case suffixes (ablative, allative, locative, and instrumental) are obligatorily followed by a second case morpheme, while a second case suffix is not always overtly present with grammatical case suffixes (nominative, accusative, temporal, vocative, and genitive).
		(2) Certain possessive suffixes surface before the case morpheme, though the other possessives occur after case.
		These seeming irregularities arise from the interaction of phonology and morphology in building syllable structure after morphological concatenation, which can be described by rules of metathesis, epenthesis, incorporation, and deletion.
	wings.buffalo.edu /linguistics/ssila/dissertations/inddiss/d468.htm (126 words)

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