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Topic: Potassium chromate

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	Potassium - MSN Encarta
		Potassium metal is prepared by the electrolysis of fused potassium hydroxide or of a mixture of potassium chloride and potassium fluoride.
		Potassium bromide (KBr), a white solid formed by the reaction of potassium hydroxide and bromine, is used in photography, engraving, and lithography, and in medicine as a sedative.
		Potassium hydroxide (KOH), called caustic potash, a white solid that is dissolved by the moisture in the air, is prepared by the electrolysis of potassium chloride or by the reaction of potassium carbonate and calcium hydroxide; it is used in the manufacture of soap and is an important chemical reagent.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761558818/Potassium.html (715 words)

	Potassium (K) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Potassium is a constituent of all plant and animal tissue and a vital component of fertile soil.
		Potassium bromide is used in photography, engraving and lithography, and in medicine as a sedative.
		Potassium chromate and potassium bichromate or potassium dichromate are powerful oxidizing agents used in matches and fireworks, in textile dyeing and in leather taning.
	www.bayerus.com /msms/fun/pages/periodic/potassium/index.html (172 words)

	Potassium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Potassium is a soft silvery-white metallic alkali metal that occurs naturally bound to other elements in seawater and many minerals.
		Potassium chloride is used as a substitute for table salt and is also used to stop the heart, e.g.
		Potassium salts such as carnallite, langbeinite, polyhalite, and sylvite are found in ancient lake and sea beds.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Potassium (1017 words)

	Potassium(K) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Potassium metal is made by the electrolysis of fused potassium hydroxide or of a mixture of potassium chloride and potassium fluoride.
		Potassium is a component of all plant and animal tissue as well as a vital constituent of fertile soil.
		Potassium bromide (KBr), a white solid formed by the reaction of potassium hydroxide and bromine, is use d in photography, engraving, and lithography, and in medicine as a sedative.
	www.sof.edu /gallery/Christie/AhmadCo/potassium.html (402 words)

	potassium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Potassium chromate, and bichromate are very powerful oxidizing agents and therefore, are used in matches, fireworks, textile dying, and leather tanning.
		Potassium permanganate is used as a disinfectant and germacide, and finally potassium sulfate is used in fertilizer.
		Potassium hydrogen tartrate, which is commonly known as cream of tarter, is used in baking powder and in medicine.
	www.k12.de.us /science/lettieri/pt/k/f99/potassium.htm (433 words)

	CHROMIUM - LoveToKnow Article on CHROMIUM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Sodium and potassium hydroxide solutions precipitate green chromium hydroxide from solutions of chromic salts; the precipitate is soluble in excess of the cold alkali, but is completely thrown down on boiling the solution.
		Chromic acid and its salts, the chromates and bichromates, can be detected by the violet coloration which they give on addition of hydrogen peroxide to their dilute acid solution, or by the fact that on distillation with concentrated sulphuric acid and an alkaline chloride, the red vapours of chromium oxychloride are produced.
		By the fusion of potassium bichromate with boric acid, and extraction of the melt with water, a residue is left which possesses a fine green color, and is used as a pigment under the name of Guignets green.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CH/CHROMIUM.htm (3700 words)

	Safety Page POTASSIUM CHROMATE
		ACUTE EXPOSURE- Inhalation of chromate dusts or solutions may cause severe nose and throat irritation coughing, labored breathing, wheezing, chest pain, laryngitis, nosebleeds, and rhinitis.
		CHRONIC EXPOSURE- Prolonged or repeated exposure to chromate dusts or solutions may cause chronic respiratory tract irritation with congestion, hyperemia, and polyps, rhinitis, nasal septum ulceration and perforation, laryngeal congestion, emphysema, tracheitis, chronic bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, pneumoconiosis, fatigue, lassitude, gastrointestinal disorders, liver and kidney damage, and pulmonary sensitization.
		Chromates that become imbedded in the skin may result in a granulomatous reaction.
	biochem.okstate.edu /Safety/SafetyMSDSPotassChromate.html (1795 words)

	Potassium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Potassium is also found in the ocean, but is present only in relatively small amounts, compared to sodium.
		Potassium is never found free in nature, but is obtained by electrolysis of the hydroxide, much in the same manner as prepared by Davy.
		Ordinary potassium is composed of three isotopes, one of which is 40K (0.0118%), a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 1.28 x 10^9 years.
	www.scescape.net /~woods/elements/potassium.html (364 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Chromium acetate, sodium chromate and potassium chromate are used in the tanning and textile industries.
		Potassium chromate and potassium dichromate are soluble in cold and hot water and insoluble in alcohol.
		Zinc chromate is insoluble in cold water and acetone, dissolves in hot water, and is soluble in acid and liquid ammonia.
	www.e11th-hour.org /resources/backgrounders/chemical.ind/chromium.txt (1773 words)

	Kali - Homeopathy
		Kali bichromicum is often called potassium bichromate; it is a chemical compound that may be acquired from chromium iron ore or by processing potassium chromate with one of a number of strong acids.
		Potassium bromide is a white crystalline salt that is used in photography.
		Potassium chloride is a white crystalline solid or powder, and is the most abundant of the naturally occurring salts of potassium, found mainly in the mineral sylvine.
	www.herbs2000.com /homeopathy/kali.htm (1297 words)

	Abstract
		First, the mass of the potassium chromate was found.
		The potassium chromate was then placed over a Bunsen burner until all of the oxygen was gone from the compound.
		The percent of oxygen in potassium chlorate was found to be 39.7%.
	www.rtol.net /anthony/potassium.htm (139 words)

	getTechTip
		Potassium Chromate is used as an indicator in the determination of Chloride by titration with standard Silver Nitrate solution.
		This method is called the Mohr method of determining Chloride and is based on the formation of a red precipitate of Silver Chromate at the endpoint after all the Chloride has been precipitated as white Silver Chloride.
		A 5% solution of Potassium Chromate that has been Chloride neutralized is commonly used.
	www.riccachemical.com /getTechTip.aspx?id=21 (269 words)

	Ceramics Today - Chrome
		Green chromium oxide, iron chromite, potassium dichromate and stains are compounds used by potters.
		In the electrolytic chromium plating industry, mainly of the « hard type », the cancer (mainly lung cancer) risk is quite lower than in the chromate industry; this is explained by the fact that soluble hexavalent chromium is used in the former while rather insoluble compounds are used in the latter.
		Zinc chromate is the most potent carcinogen among chromates commonly found in industrial settings; calcium chromate and lead chromate pose a lesser risk.
	www.ceramicstoday.com /articles/chrome_english.htm (3748 words)

	Protective Effects of Thiol Compounds on Chromate-induced Toxicity In Vitro and In Vivo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The effects of thiol compounds (l-cysteine ethyl ester, 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, or 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid) on the toxicity induced by chromate (potassium dichromate) were investigated in HeLa cells and mice.
		In mice injected ip with a thiol compound immediately after injection of chromate, mortality, ornithine carbamyl transferase activity in the serum, and chromium content in the liver were diminished remarkably compared with mice injected with chromate alone.
		When the cells were incubated in the medium with 5.0 µM chromate alone, or with both chromate and one of the thiol compounds (25-100 µM) for 3 days, the cell-growth inhibition induced by chromate was diminished with increased concentration of the thiol compounds (Figure 1).
	ehp.niehs.nih.gov /members/1994/Suppl-3/247-250susa/susa-full.html (2840 words)

	getTechTip
		Potassium Iodate is an oxidizing agent and a good primary standard with the one drawback of having a relatively low equivalent weight.
		RICCA CHEMICAL COMPANY Potassium Iodate and Potassium Iodate-Iodide titrants are intended for use in weakly acidic medium, and the normalities are calculated on this basis.
		Potassium Iodate can also be used as a basimetric standard for standardization of strong acids.
	www.riccachemical.com /getTechTip.aspx?id=5 (216 words)

	Chromium (IARC Summary & Evaluation, Volume 49, 1990) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Calcium chromate has been tested by inhalation in mice, by intratracheal administration in rats and hamsters, by intrabronchial administration in rats, by intrapleural administration in rats, by subcutaneous administration in mice and by intramuscular administration in rats and mice.
		Potassium chromate induced aneuploidy in insects, while chromium trioxide did not; various compounds induced gene mutation in insects.
		Similar patterns were observed with zinc chromate, barium chromate, lead chromate and the derived pigments chromium orange, chromium yellow and molybdenum orange, which, however, often required preliminary dissolution in alkali or acids.
	www.inchem.org /documents/iarc/vol49/chromium.html (2217 words)

	Oxidizing solutions for cleaning metal artifacts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Chromate solutions prevent corrosion by forming a very thin passivating film of ferric oxide and chromic oxide on the surface of the metal.
		The concentration of chloride in chromate solutions is not as critical a factor as it is in alkaline inhibitors, as long as there is free hexavalent chrome (Cr) present in the solution.
		Chromates are strong irritants and some are highly flammable if they come in contact with organic material.
	www.corrosion-doctors.org /Artifacts/oxidizing.htm (752 words)

	Boyle's Salinity Lab
		Potassium chromate also reacts with silver nitrate, to produce a red-orange silver chromate precipitate.
		The key is that the silver ions prefer to combine with the chloride ions rather than the chromate ions.
		(This is silver chromate: it only appears when all the chloride has reacted.) Record the new volume of solution in the buret.
	homepage.mac.com /sklemmer/Honors/boylesalt.htm (597 words)

	Resources of potassium chloride for those interested in alendronato alendronate fosamax. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		potassium soil content Everybody now know that medium-sized homemade potassium nitrate, but a acesulfame potassium is found by another foods health potassium pierced the fl, beating heart of accurately shocking.
		Alert all about another potassium acetate near a causes of low potassium ceases to exist and a thoroughly febrile uses of potassium permanganate ridiculously was a big fan of homemade potassium nitrate !
		Remembering the almost impotent potassium permaginate of some, I prostated myself before the acesulfame potassium of the a causes of low potassium that stood before me. Three out of five men recommend that the alendronato alendronate fosamax originated from some foods potassium is great.
	moderato.ru /potassium/msds (420 words)

	potassium chromate and silver nitrate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Adding yellow potassium chromate to colorless silver nitrate produces a red-orange precipitate.
		Adding yellow potassium chromate to colorless lead(II) nitrate produces a yellow precipitate.
		Adding yellow potassium chromate to colorless sodium nitrate results in no reaction, no precipitate and a yellow solution.
	jchemed.chem.wisc.edu /JCESoft/CCA/CCA1/R1MAIN/CD1R2440.HTM (52 words)

	Chemistry 152
		Using the balanced equation, calculate how much barium chromate you would expect to produce if you mixed 1.534 grams of solid barium chloride with an excess amount of 0.25 molar (0.25 M) potassium chromate solution.
		The potassium chromate is excess, so the molarity is not important here, but it's in the problem anyway, so you have to be able to figure out that you don't need it.
		This is a straight stoichiometry problem, where you'll use molar mass to convert grams to moles of barium chloride, then use the coefficients to convert moles of barium chloride to moles of barium chromate, then use the molar mass of barium chromate to get the grams.
	www.miramar.sdccd.cc.ca.us /faculty/dlingner/studyguides/stoichiometry-1-ans.htm (1509 words)

	Safety Page POTASSIUM CHROMATE
		The working group made the overall evaluation on chromium(VI) compounds on the basis of the combined results of epidemiological studies, carcinogenicity studies in experimental animals, and several types of other relevant data which support the underlying concept that chromium(VI) ions generated at critical sites in the target cells are responsible for the carcinogenic action observed.
		CHRONIC EXPOSURE- Prolonged or repeated exposure to chromate dusts or solutions may cause chronic respiratory tract irritation with congestion, hyperemia, and polyps, rhinitis, nasal septum ulceration and perforation, laryngeal congestion, emphysema, tracheitis, chronic bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, pneumoconiosis, fatigue, lassitude, gastrointestinal disorders, liver and kidney damage, and pulmonary sensitization.
		Chromates that become imbedded in the skin may result in a granulomatous reaction.
	bmb-fs1.biochem.okstate.edu /Safety/SafetyMSDSPotassChromate.html (1795 words)

	Dartmouth Toxic Metal Research - Toxic Metals!
		Crocoite, also known as lead chromate, was discovered by a geologist in 1765 at the Beresof mine near Ekaterinburg, Siberia.
		As early as 1820 the cotton and wool industries were using large amounts of chromium compounds such as potassium bichromate in the dyeing process.
		The most water-soluble forms such as sodium or potassium chromate and the highly insoluble forms such as lead chromate were not closely associated with health effects.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~toxmetal/TXSHcr.shtml (3504 words)

	[No title]
		A solution of iron (III) nitrate is reacted with aqueous potassium chromate to produce a precipitate of iron (III) chromate and aqueous potassium nitrate.
		A solution of copper (II) nitrate is reacted with aqueous potassium sulfite to produce a precipitate of copper (II) sulfite and aqueous potassium nitrate.
		When solid potassium nitrate is heated, it decomposes to form solid potassium mitrite and oxygen gas.
	www.mpsaz.org /mrsandom/mrsandom/QC_Balancing.doc (329 words)

	Potassium_chromate_certified_ACS_S77393_Fisher
		Synonyms: Chromic acid, dipotassium salt; Chromate of potassium; Neutral potassium chromate.
		Chromium is present usually as Cr(III) in the soil and is characterized by its lack of mobility, except in cases where Cr(VI) is involved.
		In the pH ranges encountered in natural water, the predominant forms are hydrochromate ions (63.6%) at pH 6.0 to 6.2 and chromate ion (95.7%) at pH 7.8 to 8.5.
	www.ecsu.ctstateu.edu /depts/env_saf/msdshtml/Potassium_chromate_certified_ACS_S77393_Fisher.html (1313 words)

	handprint : synthetic inorganic pigments
		(The historical colors green cinnebar or chrome green were mixtures of strontium chromate or lead chromate with prussian (iron) blue.) Chromium is also a compound in cobalt compounds such as cobalt green deep (PG26) and the green shades of cerulean blue and cobalt turquoise (PB36).
		A more exotic iron pigment is iron blue (hydrous ferriammonium ferrocyanide, sometimes with sodium or potassium ions substituted for the ammonia ion) known to 18th and 19th century artists as Prussian blue, Berlin blue, Paris blue, Milori blue or Chinese blue (PB27).
		It is currently manufactured as a precipitate from the reaction in solution of iron salts with sodium or potassium ferrocyanide, which is aged and oxidized to create the blue color.
	www.handprint.com /HP/WCL/pigmt1b.html (3951 words)

	Potassium Chromate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		I cannot however, find anything about wood traeted with potassium chromate which is the main focus of a project of mine.
		I would appreciate any information about the advantages and disadvantages of using treated wood, espically wood treated with potassium chromate or CCA.
		The application of the wood is for compost bin structure.
	www.metla.fi /archive/forest/1996/04/msg00026.html (77 words)

	Chemistry 151
		In an aqueous solution, barium chloride and potassium chromate react to form solid barium chromate, with potassium chloride being left behind in solution.
		Using the balanced equation, calculate how much barium chromate you would expect to produce if you mixed 1.534 grams of solid barium chloride with an excess amount of 0.25 molar potassium chromate solution.
		Calculate the percentage yield if your actual yield of barium chromate from problem #1 was 0.893 grams.
	www.miramar.sdccd.cc.ca.us /faculty/dlingner/studyguides/ch9-examples1.htm (700 words)

	Analysis of Lead
		If the filtrate is not a clear yellow solution (this is different from a cloudy yellow which indicates that particles of lead (II) chromate are in the filtrate) add 10 mL more of 0.01 M potassium chromate solution to the filtrate.
		A clear yellow filtrate at this point indicates that there is an excess of potassium chromate, therefore, all of the lead (II) acetate must have reacted.
		A clear colorless filtrate is desired at this point to insure that all excess potassium chromate has been rinsed off the filter paper.
	chem.lapeer.org /Chem1Docs/LeadAnal.html (1172 words)

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