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Topic: Potassium cyanide

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	POTASSIUM CYANIDE
		Reddening of the eyes and pupil dilation are symptoms of cyanide poisoning.
		A cyanide antidote kit (amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate) should be available in any cyanide work area.
		Cyanides must be oxidized to harmless waste before disposal.
	www.jtbaker.com /msds/englishhtml/p5708.htm (1763 words)

	POTASSIUM CYANIDE
		Ingestion of potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide causes congestion and corrosion of the gastric mucosa.
		The hemodialysis clearance of cyanide in the presence of thiosulfate was 38.3 + or - 5.4 ml/min with an extraction ratio of 0.43 + or - 0.06 (n= 4).
		The cyanide level was variable among the compounds (0.35-0.74 ug cyanide/g brain) at death in the brains of mice, the level from malononitrile and adiponitrile being comparable to that found in mice killed by dosing with potassium cyanide.
	www.frankmckinnon.com /potassium_cyanide.htm (14198 words)

	RAIS: Cyanide (57-12-5)
		Cyanides are readily absorbed by the inhalation, oral, and dermal routes of exposure.
		The subchronic and chronic oral RfDs are 0.02 mg/kg/day for cyanide; 0.04 mg/kg/day for sodium cyanide, calcium cyanide, and cyanogen; 0.05 mg/kg/day for potassium cyanide, chlorine cyanide, and zinc cyanide; 0.1 mg/kg/day for silver cyanide; and 0.2 mg/kg/day for potassium silver cyanide.
		Elevated levels of cyanide were seen in erythrocytes and elevated levels of thiocyanate in the blood, liver, and kidneys of rats receiving food fumigated with hydrogen cyanide (Howard and Hanzal, 1955).
	rais.ornl.gov /tox/profiles/cyanide_f_V1.shtml (4637 words)

	chapter06 3 protecting plants from pests - Gardening and Gardens Books, Flower Gardens, Flower Gardening, Ornamental ...
		Always use 98 to 100 per cent pure potassium cyanide and a good grade of commercial sulfuric acid.
		Put the required amount of cyanide in a thin paper bag and when all is ready, drop it into the liquid and leave the room immediately.
		When all is ready, drop the cyanide into the jars, beginning on the top floors, since the fumes are lighter than air.
	www.flowergardening.us /chapter06-3-protecting-plants-from-pests.html (1225 words)

	Homeland Security National Terror Alert » Facts about Cyanide
		Cyanide salts are used in metallurgy for electroplating, metal cleaning, and removing gold from its ore. Cyanide gas is used to exterminate pests and vermin in ships and buildings.
		Poisoning caused by cyanide depends on the amount of cyanide a person is exposed to, the route of exposure, and the length of time that a person is exposed.
		Cyanide is more harmful to the heart and brain than other organs because the heart and brain use a lot of oxygen.
	www.nationalterroralert.com /cyanide (793 words)

	Health: Cyanide Fact Sheet
		Cyanide can be produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and algae, and it is found in a number of foods and plants.
		Cyanide occurs naturally in cassava roots, which are potato-like tubers of cassava plants grown in tropical countries.
		Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide are both white solids with a bitter, almond-like odor in damp air.
	www.dsf.health.state.pa.us /health/cwp/view.asp?a=171&q=233754 (725 words)

	ATSDR - Public Health Statement: Cyanide
		Cyanide is a chemical group consisting of one atom of carbon connected to one atom of nitrogen by three molecular bonds (C≡N) and cyanides are compounds (substances formed by the joining of two or more atoms) that contain a cyanide group (typically shown as CN).
		Cyanide produces toxic effects at levels of 0.05 milligrams of cyanide per deciliter of blood (mg/dL) or higher, and deaths have occurred at levels of 0.3 mg/dL and higher (a deciliter equals 100 milliliters).
		Cyanide exposure from cassava was linked to poor functioning and later enlargement of the thyroid gland; this is because in the body, cyanide is converted to thiocyanate, which is toxic to the thyroid gland.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /toxprofiles/phs8.html (3857 words)

	Implementation Guidance
		Cyanide containers that are specifically meant for return to the vendor for reuse may not require internal rinsing, but any cyanide residue on the outside of the container should be washed off and managed consistent with the Code, and the container should be securely closed for shipment.
		Free cyanide levels of 0.022 mg/l may not be appropriate in all cases, as the sensitivity of aquatic life to cyanide varies with the species present and the characteristics of the receiving water.
		At a pH of 9.3 - 9.5, the cyanide ion, and hydrogen cyanide are at equilibrium.
	www.cyanidecode.org /become_implementation.php (12411 words)

	ATSDR - ToxFAQs™: Cyanide
		Hydrogen cyanide is a colorless gas with a faint, bitter, almondlike odor.
		Cyanide and hydrogen cyanide are used in electroplating, metallurgy, organic chemicals production, photographic developing, manufacture of plastics, fumigation of ships, and some mining processes.
		Families can reduce their exposure to cyanide by not breathing in tobacco smoke, which is the most common source of cyanide exposure for the general population.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /tfacts8.html (1291 words)

	POTASSIUM CYANIDE
		Hydrogen cyanide is mainly obtained by the reaction of ammonia with carbon monoxide (Andrussow process) or with natural gas (methane) in the presence of rhodium/platinum catalyst at approximately 1100 C. Very short contact time (milliseconds) is required to obtain the optimum yield and consequently a high operating temperature is required to reach equilibrium.
		The principal use of hydrogen cyanide is in the manufacturing of acrylates, synthetic fibers (as a starting material for nylon 66), plastics and cyanide salts, especially sodium cyanide to extract gold from ore. It is used in the manufacturing of organic chemicals; acrylonitrile, metal polishes, dyes, rodenticides, pesticides, synthetic fibers, plastics, and electroplating solutions.
		Cyanide salts are utilized in metal cleaning, tempering of steel, gardening, in ore-extracting processes, dyeing, printing and photography, electroplating (gold and silver bath), various organic reactions (Organic cyanide and nitrile synthesis) manufacture of adiponitril for nylon production.
	www.chemicalland21.com /arokorhi/industrialchem/inorganic/POTASSIUM%20CYANIDE.htm (352 words)

	Potassium cyanide (CASRN 151-50-8) \| IRIS \| US EPA
		Potassium cyanide is soluble in water and dilute acid (which includes the gastric environment) and is readily hydrolyzed to 1 molar equivalent of cyanide and 1 molar equivalent of potassium (Hartung, 1982).
		The average food cyanide concentrations were estimated based on the authors' data for concentration at the beginning and end of each food preparation period and by assuming a first-order rate of loss for the intervening period.
		Cyanide is metabolized extensively in the liver, indicating that the only relevant route of administration for quantitative risk assessment in the derivation of an oral ADI is the oral route of administration.
	www.epa.gov /iris/subst/0092.htm (1182 words)

	The MSDS HyperGlossary: Cyanide
		Cyanide is often used a shorthand term for hydrogen cyanide, HCN, also called hydrocyanic acid, a highly toxic gas and the simplest example of a cyanide compound.
		Solutions of sodium or potassium cyanide are extremely basic; the pH of a 0.1 M solution is approximately 11, meaning that it is quite corrosive.
		Cyanides which exist as simple salts (i.e they dissolve in water to form cyanide ions) usually contain the word "cyanide" as the last word in their name; for example, sodium cyanide (NaCN).
	www.ilpi.com /msds/ref/cyanide.html (1046 words)

	HHMI Lab Safety: LCSS: SODIUM CYANIDE AND POTASSIUM CYANIDE
		Sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide should be handled in the laboratory using the "basic prudent practices" described in Chapter 5.C, supplemented by the additional practices for work with compounds of high toxicity (Chapter 5.D).
		In particular, work with cyanides should be conducted in a fume hood to prevent exposure by inhalation, and splash goggles and impermeable gloves should be worn at all times to prevent eye and skin contact.
		Excess sodium or potassium cyanide and waste material containing this substance should be placed in an appropriate container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines.
	www.hhmi.org /research/labsafe/lcss/lcss79.html (602 words)

	Sodium Cyanide, Potassium Cyanide, Chromo Oxide Green, Chromium Acid, Nickel Sulphate, Nickel Chloride
		Sodium Cyanide is used for ore extraction- silver and gold, metal and mining industries, electroplating, case hardening of steel, metal cleaning, dyes industries, pharmaceutical industries, agrochemicals, etc.
		Potassium Cyanide is used in gold & silver jewelry plating for chemical gilding and buffing.
		Potassium Cyanide is occasionally used as a rat poison.
	www.indiamart.com /rathouretrading (952 words)

	CDC \| Potassium Cyanide Emergency Response Card (NIOSH) - ERC151-50-8
		When heated to decomposition, toxic gases of hydrogen cyanide and oxides of nitrogen are emitted.
		Potassium cyanide damages the tissues of the eyes, skin, respiratory tract and the oral and gastrointestinal tract.
		Cyanides poison the vital organs of the body (for example the lungs and heart) including areas of the brain that regulate proper functioning of those organs.
	www.bt.cdc.gov /agent/cyanide/erc151-50-8.asp (623 words)

	sodium cyanide\|potassium ferrocyanide\|sodium ferrocyanide\|benzyl cyanide\|phenylacetic acid-- ShanXi LingChuan Chemical ...
		Linchuan Chemical General Plant, is a specialist in manufacturing of cyanide, the only such enterprise in Shan'xi Province appointed by the formal National Chemical Industrial Department.
		The leading product is codium cyanide whose productivity is 20,000t/a in liquid state, 7,000t in powder state and 3000t in block state, of five specifications.
		The sodium cyanide, potassium ferrocyanide and sodium ferrocyanide that we produced have been exported to Russia, Kirghizia, etc. where they received high opinions home and aboard alike.
	www.delingchem.com /about_e.htm (432 words)

	Metal Finishing Product Guide
		Silver Cyanide: Precious and non-precious electroplating salts, plating solutions, plating equipment, proprietary process chemistry for general metal finishing, electronic and semi-conductor industries
		Sodium Cyanide- Chemicals, specialty cleaners, electroplating salts, plating solutions, plating equipment, proprietary process chemistry for general metal finishing, electronic and semi-conductor industries
		Sodium Gold Cyanide -Precious and non-precious electroplating salts, plating solutions, plating equipment, proprietary process chemistry for general metal finishing, electronic and semi-conductor industries
	www.stutzcompany.com /productguide.htm (5206 words)

	TopSearch10 - Search Results - potassium cyanide (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Find Potassium Cyanide any many other great deals at MonsterMarketplace!
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		We have the best sites for Potassium Cyanide.
	potassium-cyanide.tbl.sytes.net (29 words)

	Fixing Liquids
		Iodide of potassium has the same power of dissolving iodide of silver, but it is inconvenient to use, as when water is employed to wash the plate after fixing, a portion of the iodide would be thrown down in the film, and cause thereby a disagreeable haze throughout the picture.
		Hyposulphite of soda, on the other hand, forms, with the iodide of silver it takes up, a soluble compound consequently the whole is washed away on the application of water, leaving the plate clear and bright.
		It may be remarked that pictures fixed with cyanide of potassium have a slightly whiter tone.
	www.dunniway.com /archer/fixing1.html (465 words)

	Anhui Shuguang Chemical Group--Solid Potassium Cyanide
		Uses: Potassium cyanide is an important chemical material for heat treatment in ore floatation to extract gold, silver, electroplating and steel.
		Especially in the field of metal surface electroplating, the potassium cyanide spray possesses the advantages of higher electric current efficiency, broader allowable range of current density and more homogeneous electron-attachment compared with the sodium cyanide spray.
		Absorbing moisture and carbon dioxide in the air to be resolved gradually to exude hydrogen cyanide with bitter almond taste.
	www.sgchem.com /cp_kcn.asp (608 words)

	NJDHSS, Office of Local Health
		It is unknown whether the cyanide was the intention of the theft or an accidental accompaniment.
		An oral lethal dose of potassium cyanide is in the range of 200 mg in an adult, an airborne concentration of 270 ppm is immediately fatal and a concentration of 110 ppm for 30 minutes is considered life-threatening.
		Odors: cyanide salts are said to smell like bitter almonds, a substantial portion of the population, however, are congenitally unable to appreciate the smell, thus it may not be a dependable indication of exposure.
	www.state.nj.us /health/lh/lincs/cyanidealrt.htm (884 words)

	Potassium silver cyanide (CASRN 506-61-6) \| IRIS \| US EPA
		Because potassium silver cyanide dissociates to form potassium, cyanide (CN), and silver cyanide, only 1 molar equivalent of cyanide (CN) is generated (Windholz, 1983).
		Based on free cyanide liberated by the dissociation of potassium silver cyanide, an RfD of 12 mg/day for a 70 kg human is recommended.
		Cyanide is metabolized extensively in the liver, indicating that the only relevant route of administration for quantitative risk assessment in the derivation of an oral RfD is the oral route of administration.
	www.epa.gov /iris/subst/0093.htm (1129 words)

	16640. Copper plating solution analysis, Potassium Cyanide [California]
		Add about a gram of potassium iodide, and swirl the flask until it is dissolved.
		The endpoint is a persistant yellowish white cloudiness.
		Then, multiply the mls silver nitrate used by 0.347 for "free" potassium cyanide, in ounces per gallon.
	www.finishing.com /166/40.shtml (119 words)

	nucleophilic substitution - halogenoalkanes and cyanide ions
		If a halogenoalkane is heated under reflux with a solution of sodium or potassium cyanide in ethanol, the halogen is replaced by a -CN group and a nitrile is produced.
		If the halogenoalkane is heated under reflux with a solution of sodium or potassium cyanide in ethanol, the halogen is replaced by -CN, and a nitrile is produced.
		The halogenoalkane is heated under reflux with a solution of sodium or potassium cyanide in ethanol.
	www.chemguide.co.uk /mechanisms/nucsub/cyanide.html (479 words)

	8671. Gold potassium cyanide
		Potassium gold cyanide is the chemical used to provide the gold in solution for gold plating.
		Simply speaking the PGC is dissolved in a solution of potassium cyanide, water and perhaps some potassium hydroxide along with salts (often proprietary products) to provide conductivity to the solution.
		The gold is deposited onto the work by making the work the cathodic (-) and the metal tank (or other separate anodes) anodic (+) with a low voltage high current direct current power supply.
	www.finishing.com /86/71.shtml (386 words)

	East Coast/Hawke's Bay pesticide summaries: animal pests
		Potassium Cyanide, Paste and Pellets (Feratox), Bait Stations or Bait Bags
		Potassium Cyanide, Paste and Pellets (Feratox), Bait Bags
		Potassium Cyanide, Pellets (Feratox), Bait Stations or Bait Bags
	www.doc.govt.nz /templates/page.aspx?id=33333 (1281 words)

	Potassium Cyanide, Potassium Cyanide Manufacturers Suppliers Exporters of Potassium Cyanide
		Suppliers and exporters of all kinds of industrial chemicals and electroplating chemicals such as copper nitrate, copper chloride, copper sodium cyanide, copper potassium cyanide, copper carbonate, nickel sulphate, nickel chloride and copper cyanide.
		Manufacturing of cadmium hydroxide, copper acetate, copper potassium cyanide, nickel chloride and copper nitrate.
		Engaged in manufacturing and exporting of lithium nitrate, potassium cyanate, sodium stannate, stannous octoate, yara-yara, ethoxy benzene, methyl salicylate, methyl anthranilate, benzyl butyrate, amyl butyrate, benzyl benzoate and methyl anthranilate.
	www.indianchemicalportal.com /potassium-cyanide.html (782 words)

	Safety (MSDS) data for potassium cyanide (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Click here for data on potassium cyanide in student-friendly format, from the HSci project
		The information on this web page is provided to help you to work safely, but it is intended to be an overview of hazards, not a replacement for a full Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
		If not, this page is a copy made by some other person and we have no responsibility for it.
	physchem.ox.ac.uk /MSDS/PO/potassium_cyanide.html (279 words)

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