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	Potsdam Declaration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Potsdam Declaration or the Proclamation Defining Terms for Japanese Surrender (not to be confused with the Potsdam Agreement) was a statement issued on July 26, 1945 by Harry S. Truman, Winston Churchill, and Chiang Kai-Shek which outlined the terms of surrender for Japan as agreed upon at the Potsdam Conference.
		The terms of the Cairo Declaration would be carried out and Japanese sovereignty would be limited to the islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and such minor islands as the Allies determined.
		The Potsdam Declaration is referenced by the Japanese Instrument of Surrender.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Potsdam_Declaration (369 words)

	AllRefer.com - Potsdam Conference (U.S. History) - Encyclopedia
		Potsdam Conference, meeting (July 17–Aug. 2, 1945) of the principal Allies in World War II (the United States, the USSR, and Great Britain) to clarify and implement agreements previously reached at the Yalta Conference.
		The so-called Potsdam Agreement transferred the chief authority in Germany to the American, Russian, British, and French military commanders in their respective zones of occupation and to a four-power Allied Control Council for matters regarding the whole of Germany.
		The work of the Allied Control Council for Germany was at first blocked by France, which did not feel bound by an agreement to which it had not been party; the council had not even begun to function when the rift caused by the cold war broke it up.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/PotsdamC.html (474 words)

	Potsdam Conference - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Potsdam Conference was a conference held at Cecilienhof in Potsdam, Germany (near Berlin), from July 17 to August 2, 1945.
		In addition to the Potsdam Agreement, on July 26 the United States, the British Empire and the Republic of China (the Soviet Union was not at war with Japan during the Conference) issued the Potsdam Declaration which outlined the terms of surrender for Japan.
		The western allies, and especially Churchill, were suspicious of the motives of Stalin, who had already installed communist governments in the central European countries under his influence; the Potsdam conference turned out to be the last conference among the allied leaders.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Potsdam_Conference (748 words)

	MSN Encarta - Potsdam Conference
		Administration of the country, until the establishment of a permanent new government, was transferred to the military commanders of the United States, the USSR, the United Kingdom, and France, in their zones of occupation, and a four-power Allied Control Council was created to resolve questions pertaining to Germany as a whole.
		The conferees determined to disarm the country and prevent remilitarization; to outlaw the National Socialist (Nazi) Party that had been led by Adolf Hitler; to decentralize the economy and reorganize it with emphasis on agriculture; and to encourage democratic practices.
		On July 26, the U.S., British, and Chinese governments issued an ultimatum, called the Potsdam Declaration, to the Japanese government, confronting Japan with a choice between unconditional surrender and total annihilation; the USSR was not then at war with Japan and was not a party to the ultimatum.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761554624 (480 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search View - Potsdam Conference
		It was agreed that the four occupying powers of Germany should take reparations from their respective zones of occupation; but, because the USSR had suffered greater loss than any of the other major powers, provision was made for additional compensation to the USSR.
		Rigid measures of control were decided on in the Potsdam Conference to prevent Germany from ever again becoming a threat to world peace.
		Although the Potsdam Conference was considered successful, many of the agreements reached were dishonored within a year as a result of the growing rift between the USSR and Western Europe.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761554624__1/Potsdam_Conference.html (486 words)

	CNN Cold War - Historical Document: Potsdam Agreement
		At the Potsdam Conference (July 17 to August 2, 1945) the Big Three Allied powers convened again to clarify and implement agreements reached at Yalta earlier that year.
		Potsdam divided postwar Germany into four occupation zones, administered by Britain, France, the United States and the Soviet Union, and reorganized Germany's institutions and economy.
		After the war, however, the goals of Potsdam were increasingly undermined by the tensions and suspicions of the gathering Cold War.
	www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/01/documents/potsdam.html (6061 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Europe \| When the Allies fell out of love
		Potsdam marked the final end of the West's wartime alliance with the Soviet Union.
		Potsdam really only repeated the results of Yalta five months earlier - the division of Germany, the extension of Poland's western borders and the empty promises of free elections in Poland and other countries already in Stalin's sphere.
		Japan was warned in the "Potsdam Declaration" that it could expect destruction if it did not surrender, but was not told of the bomb.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/4689629.stm (760 words)

	Shigenori Togo, from The Cause of Japan (New York: Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1956), PP. 299-301, 309-322.
		Japan, however, was in no state to surrender unconditionally-indeed, Japan maintained up to the end, up to the ultimate acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration, the position that she accepted the declaration unconditionally, but that that was not to surrender unconditionally.
		Therefore, I said, the Potsdam Declaration must be complied with, and the conditions for its acceptance should be limited to those only which were absolutely essential for Japan.
		Thereupon two alternatives were submitted for consideration; one, to accept the Potsdam Declaration with the understanding that it comprised no demand which would prejudice the traditionally established status of the Emperor; the other, to attach in addition the three conditions before mentioned as insisted upon by the Army.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/hando/togo.htm (3415 words)

	Potsdam Conference on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		POTSDAM CONFERENCE [Potsdam Conference] meeting (July 17-Aug. 2, 1945) of the principal Allies in World War II (the United States, the USSR, and Great Britain) to clarify and implement agreements previously reached at the Yalta Conference.
		Potsdam's Schloss Cecilienhof, where the Potsdam Conference was held at the end of World War II, is now an inn.
		CHITTENANGO'S DUFFY TO BE INTERN AT SUNY POTSDAM.(Neighbors Madison)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/P/PotsdamC1.asp (756 words)

	Harry Truman and the Potsdam Conference
		Their song was that France would go Communistic, so would Germany, Italy and the Scandinavians, and there was grave doubt about England staying sane." The Potsdam Conference, a meeting of the victorious leaders of the Allies in Europe, attempted to confront the delicate balance of power of the opposing governmental structures, democracy and communism.
		Research the Potsdam Conference and the postwar power struggle in depth focusing on the issues that were important to the Big Three.
		Be sure to discuss Poland; German reparations and division; acceptance of Italy, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria into the United Nations; how to end the war in the East; the movement of populations from Czechoslovakia, Austria, and Italy; and the creation of a Council of Foreign Ministers to administer the agreed upon zones of occupation.
	www.trumanlibrary.org /teacher/potsdam.htm (1453 words)

	Declaration of the Potsdam Early Warning Conference
		The conference was organized, with the support of the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany, within the framework of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR 1990-1999), established by the United Nations General Assembly in December 1989.
		The conference was closed with the issuance of this declaration.
		Before the conclusion of the decade specific successor arrangements for the continued promotion of disaster reduction should be made in order to ensure, inter alia, the continuing integration and evolution of early warning at the local, national, regional, and global levels of responsibility.
	www.gfz-potsdam.de /ewc98/finaldec.html (1580 words)

	The End of WWII
		Potsdam Declaration issued with an ultimatum demanding Japan surrender unconditionally or face destruction - Japan Premier Suzuke indicated his country would not.
		Thus the Japanese signaled on the 13th for peace on the basis of the Potsdam Declaration.
		The comments included indications that the war was being lost and no longer could a favorable upturn be expected; that the enemy was now using a terrible weapon; and that to continue would result in the annihilation of the Nation.
	yohidevils.net /kanto/endww2.htm (769 words)

	The Grape's Vine: 60th Anniversary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Potsdam Conference was held from July 17th, until August 2nd, 1945.
		While the primary purpose of the Conference was to discuss post-war Europe, perhaps the most critical document to be issued was the Potsdam Declaration.
		The declaration was issued on July 21, 1945.
	thegrapesvine.blogspot.com /2005/08/60th-anniversary.html (742 words)

	ipedia.com: Potsdam Agreement Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Potsdam Agreement was an agreement on policy for the occupation and reconstruction of Germany and other nations after fighting in the European Theatre of World War II had ended with the German sur...
		The Potsdam Agreement was an agreement on policy for the occupation and reconstruction of Germany and other nations after fighting in the European Theatre of World War II had ended with the German surrender of May 8, 1945.
		In a second document adopted at the conference, the Potsdam Declaration, the United States and its allies also warned Japan to surrender or face complete destruction.
	www.ipedia.com /potsdam_agreement.html (181 words)

	"My Kingdom For A Horse" - Problem Of War Termination And Modern
		The essence of the declaration pres- cribed military occupation, disarmament, prosecution of war criminals, and cession of conquered territories.
		The declaration was ambiguous in its omission of the national polity and role of the Emperor -- the two key is- sues at stake for Japanese moderates and peace advocates.
		In the continuing debate on acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration after these events, the army still intimated that it was capable of inflicting another "Okinawa" on the Americans and insisted on four conditions for surrender: no occupation, unilateral disarmament, Im- perial sovereignty, and Japanese jurisdiction of war crimes.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1991/RMK.htm (6443 words)

	SURRENDER OF JAPAN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Potsdam Declaration, signed by PRESIDENT TRUMAN, PRIME MINISTER CHURCHILL, and concurred in by CHIANG KAI-SHEK, President of the National Government of China, calling on the Japanese to surrender unconditionally.
		His Majesty the Emperor is prepared to authorize and ensure the signature by his Government and the Imperial General Headquarters of the necessary terms for carrying out the provisions of the Potsdam declaration.
		We are committed by the Potsdam Declaration of principles to see that the Japanese people are liberated from this condition of slavery.
	www.ibiblio.org /pha/war.term/093_03.html (7394 words)

	City Notice Board (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A researcher at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Research (PIK) was awarded the centennial award by the American James S. McDonnell Foundation in the category of global and complex systems.
		A further project of the instiute financed by Venture capital and private investors with ten million DM is the development of artificial bone marrow for the treatment of leukeamia.
		The acquisition was not unanimously hailed and was accompanied by accusations of corruption against the Potsdam Transport Authorities (ViP) and a court investigation.
	www.uni-potsdam.de /u/aaa/ALUMNI/UNIVERSAL/UNIversal.003/zeitung3.eng/node17.htm (631 words)

	ZNet \| Activism \| The Emperor Showa standing at ground zero:
		The ruling classes, especially the Showa Emperor, who continued to ignore the Potsdam Declaration by seeking a guarantee of the retention of the ânational polityâ, cannot escape grave responsibility for the atrocities occasioned by the atomic bombing.
		And yet the meaningless procrastination over acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration was caused by the group that sought to preserve the ânational polityâ for their own protection.
		It was not only the atomic bombings that could have been avoided had Japan acted swiftly to accept the Potsdam Declaration, but also personal losses and suffering, including the detentions of Japanese citizens in Siberia as a result of the last-minute Soviet participation in the war against Japan.
	www.zmag.org /content/print_article.cfm?itemID=4988§ionID=1 (2382 words)

	Rural 21, Potsdam 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Conference is drawing to a close now with a "summary and presentation of the Potsdam declaration" being on the agenda.
		The Declaration means something else: specific prospects for rural areas, the development of endogenous potential and an exchange of experience with other regions.
		You experienced it yourselves: the fields of action set out in the Declaration were basically illustrated to you in the speeches, especially in the workshops and in the examples given.
	www.fig.net /council/magel-papers/rural_21.htm (5257 words)

	Abrahamson & O'Meara \| Hiroshima, Nagasaki and the Bombs
		Known as the Potsdam Declaration, the compromise offered Japan an opportunity to end the war, to avoid utter destruction, and to eliminate the militarism that had led to widespread destruction and death.
		Peace was offered Japan at Potsdam on terms that envisioned a new society established on the basis of freedom and democracy.
		The Potsdam Declaration required compromise and a surrender of control by the Samurai, which was totally incompatible with their concept of honor.
	www.unc.edu /depts/diplomat/item/2005/0709/abra/abrahamsonomeara_bombs.html (1075 words)

	Contents of II. THE BIRTH OF THE PRESENT JAPANESE CONSTITUTION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		With the defeat of Japan and the acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration, the future of the Meiji Constitution was in question.
		Paragraph 10 of the Potsdam Declaration specifically addressed the future of human rights in Japan: “The Japanese Government shall remove all obstacles to the revival and strengthening of democratic tendencies among the Japanese People.
		The implementation of the Potsdam Declaration in Japan was administered by the Supreme Command of the Allied Powers in the Pacific (“SCAP”) lead by General Douglas MacArthur from general headquarters in Tokyo.
	www.law.upenn.edu /conlaw/issues/vol1/num3/hamano/node4_ct.html (3746 words)

	Why Did the Japanese Delay Surrendering?
		That question weighed on their minds when the Potsdam Declaration arrived (July 27-28), calling on them to surrender unconditionally or face immediate destruction.
		Hirohito's imperial rescript accepting the Potsdam Declaration was recorded and broadcast by radio on August 15.
		It was a masterpiece of propaganda packed with terms like "preservation of the national polity," "subjects of the empire," and the "indestructibility of the divine land." The ideologues who drafted it deliberately obfuscated the Allies harsh terms of surrender because national pride was at stake.
	hnn.us /articles/12947.html (2171 words)

	Key Issues: Nuclear Weapons: History:
		The Conference was then interrupted for two days while the results of the British general election were being declared.
		The meetings of the Conference were held at the Cecilienhof, near Potsdam.
		German militarism and nazism will be extirpated and the Allies will take in agreement together, now and in the future, the other measures necessary to assure that Germany never again will threaten her neighbors or the peace of the world.
	www.nuclearfiles.org /menu/key-issues/nuclear-weapons/history/pre-cold-war/hiroshima-nagasaki/potsdam-declarations-1945-08-02.htm (4370 words)

	Nanking Atrocities - Postwar Judgment
		Following the Cairo Declaration of December 1, 1943, in which the United States, Great Britain, and China announced their determination "to restrain and punish the aggression of Japan" in the Far East theater, the Allies pronounced their policy regarding Japanese war crimes in the Potsdam Declaration on July 26, 1945.
		About two weeks after the surrender, the Japanese government agreed that the provisions of the Potsdam Declaration would be carried out, and on January 19, 1946, General Douglas MacArthur, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP), issued a special proclamation that announced the establishment of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE).
		Muto: No. The question of whether Chinese captives would be declared prisoners of war or not was quite a problem, and it was finally decided in 1938 that because the Chinese conflict was officially known as an "incident" that Chinese captives would not be regarded as prisoners of war....
	www.geocities.com /nankingatrocities/Tribunals/imtfe_01.htm (2168 words)

	Selected Documents on Japan’s Decision to Surrender, 1944-1945
		The terms of the Cairo Declaration shall be carried out, and Japanese sovereignty shall be limited to the islands of
		The Potsdam declaration had not been issued, but it was felt that the Cairo declaration terms [the demand for unconditional surrender] would not actually be applied; it was looked upon as a declaration only, whose terms could be reduced by negotiating and by being in a position to exact "heavy sacrifices" if the war continued.
		and YONAI felt that the declaration must be accepted as the final terms of peace at once, whether they liked it or not.
	personal.ashland.edu /~jmoser1/japsurrender.htm (3695 words)

	Potsdam Conference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Truman, Churchill, Stalin met in a suburb of Berlin for the Potsdam Conference July 17-Aug. 2
		Harry Truman and the Potsdam Conference from Truman Library
		Potsdam Conference from the National Atomic Museum in Albuquerque
	history.acusd.edu /gen/WW2Timeline/potsdam.html (513 words)

	WAPA - Chronology of the End of the War
		Potsdam Declaration issued, demanding unconditional surrender of Japan
		Ambiguous peace feelers from Japan to neutral capitals seem to signal a desire to modify the terms of the Potsdam Declaration
		Prime minister Suzuki gains agreement to ask the Emperor to decide on continuing the war or suing for peace, and the Imperial Conference decides to accept the Potsdam declaration.
	www.nps.gov /wapa/indepth/PacTheatTopics/EndofWar.htm (280 words)

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