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Topic: Prague School Structuralism


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In the News (Sat 26 Dec 09)

  
  Structuralism and Post-structuralism
It became a standard assumption in narratology that the structure of a story was homologous with the structure of a sentence; this assumption allowed the apparatus of sentence-linguistics to be applied to the development of a metalanguage for describing narrative structure...
Structuralism, then, would appear to be a refuge for all immanent criticism against the danger of fragmentation that threatens thematic analysis: the means of reconstituting the unit of a work, its principle of coherence...
The 'total structure' which it identified as the enemy was an historically particular one: the armed, repressive state of late monopoly capitalism, and the Stalinist politics which pretended to confront it but were deeply complicit with its rule.
www.arts.gla.ac.uk /SESLL/EngLit/ugrad/hons/theory/(Post)Structuralism.htm   (6831 words)

  
  Structuralism
Structuralism is a general approach in various academic disciplines that explores the inter-relationships between fundamental elements of some kind, upon which some higher mental, linguistic, social, cultural etc "structures" are built, through which then meaning is produced within a particular person, system, culture.
Structuralism appeared in academic psychology for the first time in the 19th century and then reappeared in the second half of the 20th century, when it grew to become one of the most popular approaches in the academic fields that are concerned with analyzing language, culture, and society.
In literary theory structuralism is an approach to analysing the narrative material by examining the underlying invariant structure.
www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/s/st/structuralism.html   (2020 words)

  
  Structuralism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Structuralism is an approach in academic disciplines that explores the relationships between fundamental elements of some kind, upon which some higher mental, linguistic, social, cultural etc "structures" are built, through which then meaning is produced within a particular person, system, or culture.
Structuralism appeared in academic psychology for the first time in the 19th century and then reappeared in the second half of the 20th century, when it grew to become one of the most popular approaches in the academic fields that are concerned with analyzing language, culture, and society.
In literary theory structuralism is an approach to analyzing the narrative material by examining the underlying invariant structure.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Structuralism   (2180 words)

  
 Structuralism Encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
Structuralism as a term refers to various theories across the humanities, social sciences and economics many of which share the assumption that structural relationships between concepts vary between different cultures/languages and that these relationships can be usefully exposed and explored.
Structuralism appeared in academia for the first time in the 19th century and then reappeared in the second half of the 20th century, when it grew to become one of the most popular approaches in academic fields concerned with the analysis of language, culture, and society.
A structural paradigm is actually a class of linguistic units (lexemes, morphemes or even constructions) which are possible in a certain position in a given linguistic environment (like a given sentence), which is the syntagme.
www.hallencyclopedia.com /topic/Structuralism.html   (2931 words)

  
 structuralism Information Center - structuralism psychology
Structuralism is a general approach in various academic disciplines that seeks to example of structuralism explore the inter-relationships between some fundamental elements, upon which higher mental, linguistic, social, cultural etc "structures" are built, through which then meaning is produced within a particular person, system, culture.
Structuralism appeared in academic psychology for the first time in the 19th century and then reappeared in the second half of the 20th century, when it grew to become articles about structuralism one of the most popular approaches in the academic fields that are concerned with analyzing language, culture, and society.
Ferdinand history of structuralism de Saussure is the originator of the 20th century reappearance of structuralism, specifically in his 1916 criticism of structuralism book Course in General Linguistics, where he focused not on the use of language (parole, or talk), but rather on the underlying system of language (langue) and called his theory semiotics.
www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Linguistic_Topics_R_-_T/structuralism.html   (2185 words)

  
 Mihai | Nadin | Publications | Articles in books | Dynamic and Structure
Their formal structure is not different from that ascertained in Lévi-Strauss's binary opposition that constitutes the nucleus of his structural anthropology, or from Saussure's structural theory of language (although Saussure did not use the word structure), or from Barthes' structural semiology, itself a foundation for a universal theory of culture.
Structure as relation among relata – a subject that brings to mind the signans and signatum of the Stoics and the signifiant and signifier of Saussure – was pursued in the establishment of structural semantics by Greimas.
Structuralism almost figured out that representations are not solely containers of information or knowledge about other things or events; they are completed through our participation in the interpretation of those representations and shared in successive acts of communication.
nadin.name /publications/articles_books/dyn-structure/dyn_struc.html   (15261 words)

  
 Structuralism - Information from Reference.com
Structuralism as a term refers to various theories across the humanities, social sciences and economics many of which share the assumption that structural relationships between concepts vary between different cultures/languages and that these relationships can be usefully exposed and explored.
Structuralism appeared in academia for the first time in the 19th century and then reappeared in the second half of the 20th century, when it grew to become one of the most popular approaches in academic fields concerned with the analysis of language, culture, and society.
A structural paradigm is actually a class of linguistic units (lexemes, morphemes or even constructions) which are possible in a certain position in a given linguistic environment (like a given sentence), which is the syntagm.
www.reference.com /search?q=Structuralism   (3137 words)

  
 Structuralism - Education - Information - Educational Resources - Encyclopedia - Music
Structuralism is an approach that grew to become one of the most widely used methods of analyzing language, culture, and society in the second half of the 20th century.
'Structuralism', however, does not refer to a clearly defined 'school' of authors, although the work of Ferdinand de Saussure is generally considered a starting point.
Structuralism rejected existentialism's notion of radical human freedom and focused instead on the way that human behavior is determined by cultural, social, and psychological structures.
www.music.us /education/S/Structuralism-2.htm   (1589 words)

  
 Structuralism - Enpsychlopedia
Structuralism is a general approach in various academic disciplines that explores the interrelationships between fundamental elements of some kind, upon which some higher mental, linguistic, social, cultural etc "structures" are built, through which then meaning is produced within a particular person, system, culture.
Ferdinand de Saussure is the originator of the 20th century reappearance of structuralism, specifically in his 1916 book Course in General Linguistics, where he focused not on the use of language (parole, or talk), but rather on the underlying system of language (langue) and called his theory semiotics.
According to structural theory in anthropology, meaning is produced and reproduced within a culture through various practices, phenomena and activities which serve as systems of signification.
www.enpsychlopedia.com /psypsych/Structuralist   (1972 words)

  
 More on Structuralism
Broadly, structuralism seeks to explore the inter-relationships (the "structures") through which meaning is produced within a culture.
According to structural theory, meaning within a culture is produced and reproduced through various practices, phenomena and activities which serve as systems of signification.
Structuralism rejected existentialism's notion of radical human freedom and focused instead on the way that human behavior is determined by cultural, social, and psychological structures.
www.artilifes.com /structuralism.htm   (1737 words)

  
 The Ultimate Structuralism - American History Information Guide and Reference
Structuralism is an approach that grew to become one of the most widely used methods of analyzing language, culture, philosophy of mathematics, and society in the second half of the 20th century.
'Structuralism', however, does not refer to a clearly defined 'school' of authors, although the work of Ferdinand de Saussure is generally considered a starting point.
After WWII, and particularly in the 1960s, Structuralism surged to prominence in France and it was structuralism's initial popularity in this country which led it to spread across the globe.
www.historymania.com /american_history/Structuralism   (1776 words)

  
 Structuralism
Structuralism is an approach in academic disciplines that explores the relationships between fundamental elements of some kind, upon which some higher mental, linguistic, social, cultural etc "structures" are built, through which then meaning is produced within a particular person, system, or culture.
Structuralism appeared in academic psychology for the first time in the 19th century and then reappeared in the second half of the 20th century, when it grew to become one of the most popular approaches in the academic fields that are concerned with analyzing language, culture, and society.
The term of "structuralism" itself appeared in relation to French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss' works, and gave rise, in France, to the "structuralist movement", which gathered thinkers such as psychoanalyst Lacan, Foucault or Althusser and Poulantzas' structural Marxism.
www.dejavu.org /cgi-bin/get.cgi?ver=93&url=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.gourt.com%2F%3Farticle%3DStructuralism%26type%3Den   (2089 words)

  
 CHAPTER VII
Structuralism, as a distinctive methodological theory in science, humanities and philosophy, began to develop in the Czech region in the mid-20s of this century.
The structurally oriented activity of the Prague Linguistic Circle was terminated at the end of 1948; from the beginning of the 50s Structuralism was unambiguously rejected by the official Stalinist ideology, and Mukaovský disclaimed Structuralism in 1951.
But, as he comprehended the structure of a work of art statically and in isolation, he did not take into consideration either the dynamics of the total literary process or the changes of social structure in the various periods of its reception.
www.crvp.org /book/Series04/IVA-4/chapter_vii.htm   (4505 words)

  
 Structuralism   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
Structuralism is an approach that grew to become one of the most widely used methods of analyzing language, culture, and society in the second half of the 20th century.
As with any cultural movement, the influences and developments are complex Broadly, structuralism seeks to examine the underlying relation of elements (the 'structure') in, say, a story, rather than focusing on it contents.
By the end of the century Structuralism was seen as a historically important school of thought, but it was the movements it spawned, rather than structuralism itself, which comanded attention.
www.aseannewsnetwork.de /articles/content/s/st/structuralism.html   (1343 words)

  
 Abstracts   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
The concepts of Antonin Sychra (1918-1969) as a specialist in the aesthetics of music and disciple of Jan Mukarovsky (founder of the Prague School of Structuralism) represent in the field of musicology a Marxist functionalistic trend, that ended up with neopositivistic methods of statistical analysis of aesthetic forms, departing from certain theories of communication.
From a historical point of view, this paper is one of the most important attempts to criticize the historical and philological main orientation that characterized the research of his time.
In this paper a method is introduced for a semantic analysis of structures departing from the unity between speech and music as well as from the specific ways of interpretation used by the people.
www.musicology.gr /issue007008/sychra1en.html   (265 words)

  
 Prague Structuralism and Fictional Worlds: In Honour of Professor Lubomír Doležel's 80th Birthday
Prague Structuralism and Fictional Worlds is a one-day conference to honour Professor Emeritus Lubomir Dolezel on the occasion of his eightieth birthday.
Using the form of structuralism developed by the Prague School as a foundation, Professor Dolezel established his theory of fictional worlds, presenting it in numerous articles, presentations, and monographs.
Along with papers dealing with the Prague Linguistic Circle and the fictional worlds theory of Professor Dolezel, a round-table discussion aims to assess the relevance of Prague School Structuralism in the context of contemporary cultural and literary theories.
www.blisty.cz /2003/3/7/art13161.html   (391 words)

  
 Prague Linguistic Circle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Prague Linguistic Circle founded as Cercle Linguistique de Prague (in Czech Pražský lingvistický kroužek) in Prague, became known around the world as the Prague School.
It has had significant continuing influence on linguistics and semiotics.
After WWII, the circle was disbanded but the Prague School continued as a major force in linguistic functionalism (distinct from the Copenhagen school or English Firthian — later Hallidean — linguistics).
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Prague_School   (255 words)

  
 CNM 1999-2000 Concert Information, School of Music, The University of Iowa
Even through the title might reflect the structural method of composition, it is built rather freely.
Cambiamenti is a musical diary which originated between August and October 1998 and in which everything possible and impossible was formed to an event in sound, not isolated in a sequence, but at different times in the composition appearing in a different form.
In the 70s and 80s he was intensively occupied with information aesthetics, french structuralism and electronic music - the realization of numerous software projects and computer music languages.
www.uiowa.edu /~cnm/34.990912.html   (772 words)

  
 Prague School - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Prague School   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
Group of linguists, including the Russian-born Roman Jakobson and the Russian Nicolai Trubetzkoy (1890–1938), who were active in Prague in the late 1920s and early 1930s.
Their theory of phonology (the study of sounds in languages) analysed sounds into sets of oppositions.
This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
encyclopedia.farlex.com /Prague+school   (103 words)

  
 Spartanburg SC | GoUpstate.com | Spartanburg Herald-Journal   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
At the turn of the 19th century the founding father of experimental psychology William Wundt tried to confirm experimentally his hypothesis that conscious mental life can be broken down into fundamental elements, which then form more complex mental structures.
As such, Structural Linguistics are actually an early form of corpus linguistics(quantification).
Structuralism after World War II Throughout the 1940s and 1950s, existentialism like that propounded by Jean-Paul Sartre was the dominant mood.
www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Structuralism   (2723 words)

  
 Formalism: Russian and Prague schools   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
The Formalist schools of linguistics have shed much light on the detailed texture of poems, but their theories remain contentious, generally lacking field studies or laboratory evidence.
Many schools of poetry would be extinguished by such a conception, but the Russian Futurists were iconoclastic and lived dangerously.
Included were studies of sentence structures, consonantal arrangements, phrasal melody, syntax, rhyme, sound with sense — all of them drawing closer to linguistics.
www.textetc.com /theory/formalists.html   (2301 words)

  
 Kristeva
Text unsteadily poised between structuralism (use of scientific formulas and mathematical approach) and early post-structuralism (proving how the neat classifications of structuralism break up under the impact of the other side of language, the irreverent, subversive, inconsistent practice of the Carnivalesque and Mennippean.
He "shuns the linguist's technical rigour", to build a model where literary structure is not given but it is generated by another structure.
The unconscious structure of literature appears; existential and structural dyads: high/low, birth/death, food/excrement, praise/curse, laughter/tears; i.e.
www.gazzaro.it /g/files/kristeva.html   (2773 words)

  
 Alan Sikes's Response to Ken Cerniglia
I must confess from the outset that I know very little about the Prague School, so my comments will be limited to my impression of Ken’s article supplemented by references from the Johns Hopkins online encyclopedia of literary criticism.
  That said, the aspect of Prague School structuralism that interests me most is the historical specificity of its aims and goals, particularly as Ken is employing it in his work.
To be sure, Diderot on the one hand and the Prague School formulae on the other are involved in the pursuit of different aims; Diderot is trying to describe the qualities of excellent acting, while the formulae attempt to establish the social relation between actor, spectator, and stage production.
home.earthlink.net /~marlacarlson/sikes2004_2.htm   (971 words)

  
 Structuralism info here at en.allrssfeeds.info   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
Structuralism and Modernity The Postmodernists themselves prove, more than any other group, that in terms of the generation of meaning, Structuralism is the Westerner's first and foremost ontological and epistemological foundation.
Structuralism Structuralism in the Literary Theory and Literary Criticism
In both texts a girl and a boy fall in love (a "formula" with a symbolic operator between them would be "Boy LOVE Girl") despite the fact that they belong to two groups that hate each other ("Boy's Group -LOVE Girl's Group") and conflict is resolved by their death.
en.allrssfeeds.info /queen-mary-cruise/Structuralism   (2256 words)

  
 Pictorial semiotics
Much of the importance of the Quebec schools resides in its explicit criticism of the Greimasian approach, most clearly spelled out by Marie Carani, who is also the author of important studies concerned with pictorial abstraction and perspective, respectively (Carani 1987; 1988).
As compared to the binary opposition, which is the regulatory principle of the Greimas school approach, as well as to the norm and its deviations, which determines the conceptual economy of Groupe µ rhetoric, the Quebec school offers a much richer tool-kit of conceptual paraphernalia, more obviously adapted to the analysis of visual phenomena.
Contrary to, most notably the Greimas school, he thus shuns the autonomy postulate of semiotics, admitting that pictorial semiotics has a lot to learn from psychology and other sciences, while claiming that their results must be inserted into a specifically semiotic problematics evolved from the history of this science.
www.arthist.lu.se /kultsem/encyclo/pictorial_semiotics.html   (2534 words)

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