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Topic: Precentral sulcus

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Postcentral sulcus

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	Brodmann
		Its approximate boundary on the medial aspect of the hemisphere is the cingulate sulcus and, on the lateral aspect, the inferior frontal sulcus.
		Approximate boundaries are the cingulate sulcus dorsally and the parieto-occipital sulcus caudally.
		Occupies the postcentral gyrus and the precentral gyrus between the ventrolateral extreme of the central sulcus and the depth of the lateral sulcus at the insula.
	spot.colorado.edu /~dubin/talks/brodmann/neuronames.html (2127 words)

	Frontal Lobe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		0.4 Bounded by central sulcus, precentral sulcus, cingulate sulcus and Sylvian fissure
		0.4Bounded by precentral sulcus, frontomarginal sulcus, interhemispheric fissure and superior frontal sulcus)
		0.4Bounded by precentral sulcus, superior frontal sulcus, inferior frontal sulcus and frontomarginal sulcus
	www.bic.mni.mcgill.ca /users/noor/hbm98/node6.html (82 words)

	Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 821
		On the medial surface, it is separated from the cingulate gyrus by the cingulate sulcus; and on the inferior surface, it is bounded behind by the stem of the lateral fissure.
		The precentral sulcus runs parallel to the central sulcus, and is usually divided into an upper and a lower part; between it and the central sulcus is the anterior central gyrus.
		The anterior central gyrus (gyrus centralis anterior; ascending frontal convolution; precentral gyre) is bounded in front by the precentral sulcus, behind by the central sulcus; it extends from the supero-medial border of the hemisphere to the posterior ramus of the lateral fissure.
	www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page821.html (441 words)

	Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 1294
		The superior frontal sulcus can be mapped out by a line drawn from the junction of the upper and middle thirds of the precentral sulcus, in a direction parallel with the longitudinal sulcus, to a point midway between the middle line of the forehead and the temporal line, 4 cm.
		The inferior frontal sulcus begins at the junction of the middle and lower thirds of the precentral sulcus, and follows the course of the superior temporal line.
		The horizontal limb of the intraparietal sulcus begins from the junction of the lower with the middle third of the postcentral sulcus and curves backward parallel to the longitudinal fissure, midway between it and the parietal eminence; it then curves downward to end midway between the lambda and the parietal eminence.
	www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page1294.html (729 words)

	Precentral sulcus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The precentral sulcus lies parallel to, and in front of, the central sulcus.
		The precentral sulcus divides the inferior, middle, and superior frontal gyri from the precentral gyrus.
		In the majority of brains, the precentral sulcus is divided into two parts: the inferior precentral sulcus and the superior precentral sulcus.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Precentral_sulcus (314 words)

	External Surface of Cerebrum - MEDSTUDENTS - NEUROANATOMY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The cingulate sulcus begins in the septal area running parallel to the sulcus of corpus callosum, and ends in two ramus, the marginal ramus which runs to the superior margin of the cerebral hemisphere, and the subparietal sulcus which separates the cingulate gyrus from the precuneus.
		Anterior to the paracentral sulcus is the medial portion of the superior frontal gyrus.
		The occipitotemporal sulcus and the inferior temporal sulcus delimit the inferior temporal gyrus.
	www.medstudents.com.br /basic/neuran/neuran3.htm (2156 words)

	Week 6 Lab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		This, along with a strip of cortex in front of the precentral gyrus is the ‘premotor cortex’, functionally a motor area.
		Determine the boundary of the occipital lobe on the lateral surface – a line drawn from the tip of the parieto-occipital sulcus, past the end of the lateral sulcus to the notch (approximately 5 cm from the occipital pole) caused by the cerebellum.
		The occipital lobe cortex is involved in visual function, the 'primary' areas are in the walls of the calcarine sulcus.
	www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au /hb207/02weekpages/wk06/week06_4lab.htm (1274 words)

	AANS.org \| Education and Meetings \| AANS Scientific Journals \| Neurosurgical Focus
		The sulcus just behind the precentral sulcus is the CS.[13,23] Using the medial axial method,[23] the marginal ramus of the cingulate sulcus is identified first.
		The structures thus evaluated were the superior frontal sulcus/gyrus, the precentral sulcus/gyrus, the marginal ramus of the cingulate sulcus, and the CS.
		In two patients an additional vein was identified in the postcentral sulcus close to the surface of the brain, rather than in the middle segment and deep within the sulcus where the CS veins lie.
	www.aans.org /education/journal/neurosurgical/august96/1.2.p2.asp (4472 words)

	Topography and identification of the inferior precentral sulcus in MR imaging -- Ebeling et al. 10 (5): 937 -- American ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Topography and identification of the inferior precentral sulcus in MR imaging -- Ebeling et al.
		ascending ramus of the sylvian fissure and the inferior precentral sulcus.
		is the sulcus posterior to the anterior ascending sylvian ramus (95% in the
	intl.ajnr.org /cgi/content/abstract/10/5/937 (269 words)

	Neuro Lab 1
		The circuminsular fissure (or circular sulcus) surrounds the insula, separating it from the adjacent frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes.
		The precentral gyrus, located between the central and precentral sulci, is concerned in motor activity of the body.
		Typically, the orbital surface of the frontal lobe is formed of three parallel gyri (lateral, intermediate and medial orbital gyri), and the olfactory bulb and tract rest upon the olfactory sulcus, between the medial orbital gyrus and the gyrus rectus (Fig.
	web.indstate.edu /thcme/duong/Neuroscience/Schedule/NeuroLab1.html (2320 words)

	Cerebral Hemispheres
		The PRECENTRAL GYRUS is parallel to and anterior to the central sulcus and extends to the precentral sulcus.
		On the medial surface of the hemisphere it is limited inferiorly by the corpus callosum and the calcarine sulcus, posteriorly by the parieto-occipital sulcus and anteriorly by the frontal lobe.
		Inferior to the calcarine sulcus is the LINGUAL gyrus.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /teversal/myweb/CNS/cerebral_hemispheres.htm (1889 words)

	Frontal lobe - Psychology Wiki - A Wikia wiki
		The lateral sulcus separates the inferior frontal gyrus of lower frontal lobes from the temporal lobes.
		E.g., the precentral gyrus is in front of the central sulcus, and behind the precentral sulcus.
		In the human brain, the precentral gyrus and the related cortical tissue that folds into the central sulcus comprise the primary motor cortex, which controls voluntary movements of specific body parts associated with areas of the gyrus.
	psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Frontal_lobe (1112 words)

	The Medial Precentral sulcus and the Marginal Precentral sulcus
		The Medial Precentral sulcus and the Marginal Precentral sulcus
		Medial Precentral sulcus is a kind of transverse short sulcus anterior to the Central sulcus with its superior end extending into the medial surface (Figure-1,2).
		The Marginal Precentral sulcus is a kind of transverse short sulcus anterior to the Central sulcus without its superior end extending into medial surface (Figure-3,4).
	www.dsp.pub.ro /leonardo/vub/html/Medial_Precentral_sulcus.htm (59 words)

	Precentral Sulcus
		The Precentral sulcus (green line) marks the boundary between the Precentral gyrus and the three frontal gyri.
		The pattern of the Superior Precentral sulcus here is the T-shaped side connection with the Superior Frontal sulcus (Incidence rates: right-20% left-32%)(Ono90-46C) without extension to the medial surface.
		The main branch of the Precentral sulcus directly connects with the Superior and Inferior Frontal sulci (Ono90-48BD).
	www.dsp.pub.ro /leonardo/vub/html/Precentral_Sulcus.htm (256 words)

	[caret-users] posting - precentral sulcus as a landmark? (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The issues that arise in considering whether the precentral sulcus may be a useful landmark are linked to the nature of individual variability and the relationship between cortical function and cortical folding.
		A precentral sulcus is discernible in all 4 cases.
		If, on closer review, you still suspect that imposing the precentral sulcus as an additional landmark would reduce individual variability in maps of fMRI data (or other spatial data), then it is worth doing a full-blown analysis using the approach Donna outlined.
	brainvis.wustl.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /pipermail/caret-users/2006-April/000714.html (1202 words)

	Central sulcus - Psychology Wiki - A Wikia wiki
		The central sulcus is a fold in the cerebral cortex of brains in vertebrates.
		The central sulcus is a prominent landmark of the brain, separating the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe.
		The central sulcus is the site of the primary motor cortex in mammals, a group of cells that controls voluntary movements of the body.
	psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Central_sulcus (364 words)

	Article Figures and Tables
		= inferior frontal sulcus; ips = inferior periinsular sulcus; li = limen insula; msg = middle short insular gyrus; pcg = precentral gyrus; pcs = precentral sulcus; pg = postcentral gyrus; ps = postcentral sulcus; psg = posterior short insular gyrus; sps = superior periinsular sulcus; tg = transverse insular gyrus.
		Following partial removal of the thalamus, hypothalamus, internal capsule, globus pallidus, putamen, external capsule, claustrum, and extreme capsule, the medial surface of the insular cortex is demonstrated.
		The central insular sulcus (cis) appears to be a gyrus and the anterior long insular gyrus (alg) appears to be a sulcus.
	www.thejns-net.org /jns/issues/v90n4/fig_tab/n0900720_f6.html (688 words)

	Frontal lobe (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The Frontal lobe comprises four major folds of cortical tissue: the precentral gyrus, superior gyrus and the middle gyrus of the Frontal gyri, the inferior Frontal gyrus.
		The precentral gyrus is in front of the central sulcus, and behind the precentral sulcus, which separates it from the Frontal gyri.
		In the human brain, the precentral gyrus and the related cortical tissue that folds into the central sulcus comprise the primary motor area, which controls voluntary movements of specific body parts associated with areas of the gyrus.
	frontal-lobe.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (729 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The activity in the superior bend of the central sulcus has been validated as the hand representation in the primary motor cortex by correlating intraoperative cortical stimulation with functional MR imaging findings.
		Activity found in the precentral, post-central, and paramedial regions, possibly representative of the activity of the premotor area, primary sensory cortex, and the supplementary motor area respectively, has been ascribed to the complexity of the motor task used during measurement.
		All patients differed from the control subjects in the additional presence of activity in the superior bend of the ipsilateral central sulcus, which was of smaller size compared with the activated area during intentional movement of the opposite hand.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?ni03027 (1584 words)

	Brain and Related Vasculature
		ribbon-like nerve tract that courses from the olfactory bulb to the cerebral cortex; it courses in the olfactory sulcus
		cingulate gyrus is bounded by the callosal sulcus and the cingulate sulcus
		sulcus on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere that lies between the precuneus and the cuneus
	anatomy.uams.edu /anatomyhtml/brain.html (3969 words)

	Article Figures and Tables
		Artistic illustration depicting the intraoperative cortical stimulation in a patient with a low-grade astrocytoma involving the precentral gyrus (such as in the patient in Case 2).
		The central sulcus and adjacent cortical areas are indistinguishable from the tumor mass.
		The superior frontal sulcus is compressed medially by the cystic component of the tumor, and the precentral cortical region seems infiltrated.
	www.thejns-net.org /jns/issues/v91n2/fig_tab/n0910238_t1.html (589 words)

	Areas Involved in Encoding and Applying Directional Expectations to Moving Objects -- Shulman et al. 19 (21): 9480 -- ...
		as the posterior intraparietal sulcus and the junction of the
		postcentral sulcus, and the ventral extension of the intraparietal
		No central sulcus activations are evident during a cue trial (left panel) or during the cue period of all trial types (right panel), whereas strong activations are observed during the test period (noise or noise/motion) of trials involving a response.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/19/21/9480 (8947 words)

	International Brain Research Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Lateral views of 3D reconstructions (surface rendering) of three individual postmortem brains (A-C) with BA 44 (red) and 45 (yellow) of the left (L) and the right (R) hemispheres after cutting of the brain into histological sections, staining for cell bodies, and observer-independent definition of cytoarchitectonic borders on serial histological sections (Amunts et al., 1999).
		Note the high intersubject variability with respect to (i) differences in shape and size of both areas, (ii) variability in the sulcal pattern, and (iii) in the relationship of areal borders to surrounding sulci.
		E.g., whereas the diagonal sulcus marks the border between BA 44 and BA 45 in the right hemisphere of brain B, this sulcus is inside BA 44 in the left hemisphere of brain A, and is absent in brain C. Modified on: 6/15/2004
	www.ibro.org /Pub_Main_Display.asp?Main_ID=19 (181 words)

	Dissociation of Saccade-Related and Pursuit-Related Activation in Human Frontal Eye Fields as Revealed by fMRI -- Petit ...
		medially at the junction of the precentral sulcus and the superior
		frontal sulcus and an extension to the precentral gyrus for the
		the junction of the precentral sulcus and the superior frontal
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/77/6/3386 (3387 words)

	LONI \| LONIR \| Resources \| Protocols \| Sulcal Anatomy \| Precentral Sulcus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Notes: Frequently discontinuous in the middle of the sulcus.
		This sulcus should be just anterior to the central sulcus.
		The most superior extent ends towards the midline and it runs generally parallel to the central sulcus.
	www.loni.ucla.edu /NCRR/Protocols/SulcalAnatomy_4.shtml (130 words)

	Localisation of the sensorimotor cortex during surgery for brain tumours: feasibility and waveform patterns of ...
		The course of the central sulcus (CS) is indicated by a line and a triangle.
		The hand area of the precentral gyrus is determined after serial mapping of the cortex underneath the grid electrode.
		deficits and with lesions invading the precentral and postcentral
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/72/2/221 (6573 words)

	Amazon.com: "inferior precentral sulcus": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Its boundaries are, posteriorly, approximately the inferior precentral sulcus, superiorly the inferior frontal sulcus and anteriorly the ascending ramus of the Sylvian fissure.
		The proximity of the inferior precentral sulcus to the left in- ferior frontal gyrus and its role in speech pro- duction suggested to these researchers that the...
		The ventral premotor region of the macaque may have a homologue in the human inferior precentral sulcus region.
	www.amazon.com /phrase/inferior-precentral-sulcus (543 words)

	Frontal Lobe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Roughly parallel and anterior to the central sulcus is the Precentral Gyrus (also called the motor strip).
		The precentral gyrus represents the primary motor cortex.
		Besides the roughly vertical Precentral Sulcus (anterior to the precentral gyrus), there are two additional sulci that are sort of diagonal.
	www.ruf.rice.edu /~lngbrain/cglidden/frontal.html (226 words)

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