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| | PREPOSITION 2, PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE. The Columbia Guide to Standard American English. 1993 |
 | | Prepositions are parts of speech, single words or compounds with both grammatical and lexical meanings: of, for, by, in, within, in spite of, and inside of are examples of prepositions. |
 | | The preposition introduces such a phrase and serves to (1) govern the object of the preposition and its modifiers, if any, and (2) direct the grammatical force of the entire phrase as a structure of modification, of either a word or a structure immediately preceding or of the rest of the sentence following the phrase. |
 | | In In spring the flowers bloom, in is the preposition, spring is the object, and since the phrase is at the beginning of the sentence, it acts adverbially as a sentence adverb modifying the entire main clause, the flowers bloom. |
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