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Topic: Prepubescent

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	Junior High School Strength Training (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The issue of strength training in prepubescent youth (children be/ow the ages of 12-15) has been debated for most of the twentieth century.
		Prepubescent youth involved in strength training should do 1 set of 8 to 12 repetitions for each major muscle group.
		In summary, research indicates that prepubescent youth participating in strength training can strengthen connective tissue, enhance motor skills, improve muscle strength and endurance, and reduce the risk of injury.
	www.iahsaa.org /wu98-jh3.htm (1389 words)

	Schenectady Regional Orthopedics - STRENGTH TRAINING FOR PREPUBESCENT AND ADOLESCENT CHILDREN
		A prepubescent athlete is defined as a male or female up to the age of 15 or 16 years of age, who has not yet developed secondary sex characteristics according to the Tanner's classification system.
		Prepubescents and adolescents because their bones have not matured are subject to a special group of injuries involving the growth centers of bones.
		In conclusion, there are risks to a prepubescent athlete's strength training, but there does not appear to be any greater risk to a prepubescent or adolescent in a supervised strength training program when compared to well known and respected sporting activities.
	www.schenectadyregionalorthopedics.com /advisor_articles/strengthtraining.htm (913 words)

	Prepubescent Pixies: Should There Be A Higher Minimum Age For Olympic Gymnasts?
		She was 17 years old, she wore pony tails, and she was the youngest, cutest competitor in a sport where the average competitor was usually in her low-to-mid twenties.
		With her spectacular performance, she ushered in the age of the "pixie" gymnasts: young, prepubescent girls who are able to use their tiny frames to perform flips and feats that their elders would never have dared.
		But these tiny, prepubescent girls were paying a price for this chance of a lifetime.
	speakout.com /activism/issue_briefs/1387b-1.html (880 words)

	Pedophilia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pedophilia (American English), pædophilia/paedophilia (Commonwealth English), is the paraphilia of being sexually attracted primarily or exclusively to prepubescent children.
		It was fairly common for adolescent and in some cases prepubescent females to marry adult men, and it is hard to believe that sexual activity was absent in all cases.
		Western societies have also, until the 20th century, considered attraction to the body of prepubescents as acceptable, as evidenced by acceptance of artwork involving nude and erotic depictions of children (for example: Lewis Carroll).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pedophilia (2801 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Much of the evidence in supporting the ban on prepubescent resistance training evolved from several early scientific reports which concluded that young children were not able to gain strength before puberty, and that they were more susceptible to injuries because of their developing musculoskeletal system.
		Prepubescent Strength Training Research There is substantial evidence demonstrating increases in strength following structured resistance training in children.
		Factors Influencing Strength Development In Prepubescent Children The primary mechanism responsible for strength gains in prepubescent children are neural adaptations and better coordination of agonist and antagonist muscle groups.
	www.sportsci.org /encyc/drafts/Child_strength_train.doc (2590 words)

	Pedophilia
		In medicine, pedophilia, or paedophilia/pædophilia is sexual attraction of an adult to prepubescent children.
		In common usage, pedophilia or underage sex is sexual attraction and sexual acts towards children generally, including adolescents who are far beyond a prepubescent level of physical and psychological development.
		A. Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children (generally age 13 years or younger).
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/pe/Pedophile.html (482 words)

	Plyocity Press Articles
		Based on this it seems clear that the prepubescent can safely use plyometrics if the training is well designed and supervised by a qualified individual.
		In addition, the performance capacities of the mature athlete depend, to a large degree, upon the preparation that occurs during the years of growth.
		While the ability to squat 1.5 to 2 times body weight is suggested by some as the level of strength necessary to begin plyometric training, this is questionable and probably not intended for a prepubescent population.
	www.plyocity.com /about/articles/plyometrics.htm (617 words)

	Children & Strength Training (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Prepubescence: Schafer (1991) time from early childhood to onset of secondary sex characteristics.
		In a study of 16 prepubescent boys and girls, Ozmun et al.
		In order for someone to properly supervise prepubescent strength training, he or she should understand the differences between adults and children in osseous growth structures.
	www.faccioni.com /Reviews/childstrength.htm (1462 words)

	No Long-Term Effects on Growth with Use of Flovent
		In a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, multicenter study, 325 prepubescent children with persistent asthma and normal growth rates were treated with placebo or inhaled fluticasone propionate powder (50 or 100 micrograms) administered twice daily by a breath-actuated device for 1 year.
		Only 66% of prepubescent patients in the placebo group completed the 52-seek treatment period compared with more than 80% of patients in each of the two treatment groups.
		All patients remaining in the study were prepubescent as defined by a sexual maturity rating of 1 in any Tanner classification.
	www.med.umich.edu /pediatrics/ebm/cats/floventgrowth.htm (851 words)

	Human Kinetics
		Junior prepubescent divers can benefit from weight training for all muscle groups and will gain in strength.
		However, the prepubescent diver should not exercise with a weight heavier than can be lifted correctly six times.
		Prepubescent divers run the risk of growth plate injury while doing drop jumps.
	www.humankinetics.com /products/showexcerpt.cfm?excerpt_id=2846 (1342 words)

	Brain adaptation to acute hyponatremia in young rats -- Silver et al. 276 (6): 1595 -- AJP - Regulatory, Integrative ...
		prepubescent rats were pretreated with estrogen or testosterone
		Our findings in prepubescent animals differ significantly from those of the similar study of Arieff and co-workers (4).
		In conclusion, we found brain adaptation to acute hyponatremia in prepubescent rats similar to that observed in adult animals.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/276/6/R1595 (2560 words)

	Prepubescent Pixies: Should There Be A Higher Minimum Age For Olympic Gymnasts?
		She was 17 years old, she wore pony tails, and she was the youngest, cutest competitor in a sport where the average competitor was usually in her low-to-mid twenties.
		With her spectacular performance, she ushered in the age of the "pixie" gymnasts: young, prepubescent girls who are able to use their tiny frames to perform flips and feats that their elders would never have dared.
		But these tiny, prepubescent girls were paying a price for this chance of a lifetime.
	www.speakout.com /activism/issue_briefs/1387b-1.html (880 words)

	Transient dwarfism and hypogonadism in mice lacking Otx1 reveal prepubescent stage-specific control of pituitary levels ...
		Transient dwarfism and hypogonadism in mice lacking Otx1 reveal prepubescent stage-specific control of pituitary levels of GH, FSH and LH.Here we report that Otx1, a homeobox-containing gene of the Otx gene family, is postnatally transcribed and translated in the pituitary gland.
		Analysis of Otx1 null mice indicates that, at the prepubescent stage, they exhibit transient dwarfism and hypogonadism due to low levels of pituitary GH, FSH and LH hormones which, in turn, dramatically affect downstream molecular and organ targets.
		Our data indicate that Otx1 is a new pituitary transcription factor involved at the prepubescent stage in the control of GH, FSH and LH hormone levels and suggest that a complex regulatory mechanism might exist to control the physiological need for pituitary hormones at specific postnatal stages.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/1391466.html (223 words)

	Talk:Pedophilia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Apparently some editors are pursuing an agenda of portraying paedophilia and sexual relationships with prepubescent children as acceptable.
		As this article clearly states, paedophilia is the paraphilia of being sexually attracted primarily or exclusively to prepubescent children, i.e.
		"sex with prepubescent children constitutes one of the severest forms of child abuse." -- As one of the "abused" (legally speaking, only), I believe this is not true.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Pedophilia (5807 words)

	Nutrient Intake and Obesity in Prepubescent Children with Down Syndrome
		Objective The aim of this study was to measure nutrient intake and body composition in prepubescent children with Down syndrome to understand dietary barriers involved in the prevention and treatment of obesity.
		Our study was designed to examine the body composition and energy and nutrient intakes of prepubescent children with Down syndrome compared with that of control children to understand dietary barriers in the treatment or prevention of obesity in this population.
		This study of the dietary intake and body composition of prepubescent children with Down syndrome provides insight on the difficulties of treating obesity in this population, as well as validation of two clinically useful tools for the determination of body composition.
	www.altonweb.com /cs/downsyndrome/obesity.html (4252 words)

	99-126 Spiecker & Steutel
		If these recurrent fantasies, urges and behaviours involve sexual activities with prepubescent children (in general under 14 years of age) the main diagnostic criterion for paedophilia is met.
		528), perpetrators of sex with prepubescent children often justify or excuse their behaviour as follows: (1) the sexual activities have "educational value" for the child, (2) the child derives "sexual pleasure" from them, or (3) the child was "sexually provocative".
		Because of their hormonal condition, prepubescent children are not yet capable of experiencing sexual desire (or of being lustful).
	www.ipce.info /ipceweb/Library/99-126_spieck_steu.htm (5472 words)

	Poor alignment, asymmetry put young knees at risk
		An unexpectedly high percentage of prepubescent athletes, both male and female, demonstrated poor limb symmetry during single leg hop tests and extremely valgus lower limb position during a drop jump test, according to a study conducted by Cincinnati Sportsmedicine Research and Education Foundation investigators.
		The researchers had hypothesized that they would not find performance differences between genders in prepubescent athletes, since their muscle strength and motor skills are not fully developed.
		For now, Barber-Westin is developing a training program for prepubescent athletes to improve their neuromuscular deficiencies, educate them on proper landing techniques, and reduce their risk of serious knee ligament injury.
	www.biomech.com /showArticle.jhtml?articleID=173500587 (588 words)

	Prenatal Exposure to Fluoxetine (Prozac) Produces Site-Specific and Age-Dependent Alterations in Brain Serotonin ...
		nucleus, +32%; medial nucleus, +44%) in prepubescent offspring.
		The density of 5-HT transporters was similar in prepubescent and adult control progeny in the frontal cortex (FR2; E), central amygdala (CAMY; F), lateral hypothalamus (LH; G) and dorsal raphe (DR; H).
		Cabrera-Vera TM, Garcia F, Pinto W and Battaglia G (1997) Effect of prenatal fluoxetine (Prozac7) exposure on brain serotonin neurons in prepubescent and adult male rat offspring.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/286/3/1474 (5136 words)

	Effect of Prenatal Fluoxetine (Prozac) Exposure on Brain Serotonin Neurons in Prepubescent and Adult Male Rat Offspring ...
		Basal serotonin turnover in prepubescent and adult male progeny prenatally exposed to fluoxetine
		hippocampus, striatum or midbrain of prepubescent male progeny.
		prepubescent offspring in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/280/1/138 (5399 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Searching for the causes of obesity in prepubescent girls, researchers found that the body fat of a girl's father predicted her fat patterns more than her mother's body fat or even her own metabolism.
		Prepubescent girls were used, Figueroa says, because growth is stable during that period before hormonal variations appear and because it's an age at which girls are susceptible to obesity.
		He says he plans to follow the girls through adolescence but also would like to study prepubescent boys to see if their weight gain patterns also match those of their fathers.
	www.intelihealth.com /pcn/menshealth/00271276.htm (780 words)

	Effect of Prenatal Fluoxetine (Prozac) Exposure on Brain Serotonin Neurons in Prepubescent and Adult Male Rat Offspring ...
		Basal serotonin turnover in prepubescent and adult male progeny prenatally exposed to fluoxetine
		hippocampus, striatum or midbrain of prepubescent male progeny.
		prepubescent offspring in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum
	www.antidepressantsfacts.com /prozac-rat-neuronal-damage-offspring2.htm (5375 words)

	Family Pratice News: Strength Training Helps Curb Athletic Injuries - Brief Article
		This view, which is based on sports medicine research over the past few years, marks a departure from the traditional thinking in the pediatric community--that strength training stunts growth and is generally unhealthy in children.
		Low-weight strength training for prepubescent children in a supervised environment, which is now advocated by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Sports Medicine, is unlikely to cause injury.
		Consider the all-too-common scenario of a prepubescent eighth or ninth grader playing on the same team--or worse, against another team--with a boy at Tanner stage 5 development.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0BJI/is_5_31/ai_72882028 (499 words)

	Does obesity influence foot structure in prepubescent children?
		Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and foot structure in prepubescent children.
		It is unknown if the greater prevalence of flatfootedness in the obese prepubescent child is due to the presence of a fat pad that remains or develops in the instep of the obese child, thereby causing a form of flatfeet that may have no pathological consequences.
		It was concluded that excess body mass had a significant effect on the foot structure of prepubescent children.
	www.nature.com /ijo/journal/v24/n5/full/0801192a.html (2561 words)

	Pedophilia is defined
		Over a period of at least six months, recurrent intense sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children (generally age 13 or younger).
		The essential features of paraphilia ("sexual deviation") are recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors that generally involve nonhuman subjects, the suffering or humiliation of oneself or one's partner, or children or other nonconsenting persons.
		According to the DSM-IV definition, pedophilia involves sexual activity by and adult with a prepubescent child.
	members.shaw.ca /pdg/pedophilia_is_defined.html (1212 words)

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