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	PRESBYTER - LoveToKnow Article on PRESBYTER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In the 2nd century the patriarchal element in the organization was merged in the administrative, and the presbyters 1 Entstehung der altkatholischen Kirche, 2nd ed.
		The Canons of Hippolytus which belong to the end of the 2nd century distinctly lay it down that at the ordination of a presbyter everything is to be done as in the case of a bishop, save that he does not seat himself upon the throne.
		The presbyter shall in all things be equal with the bishop, save in the matter of presiding and ordaining, for the power to ordain is not given him.
	41.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PR/PRESBYTER.htm (3543 words)

	Presbyter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Presbyter in the New Testament refers to a leader in local Christian congregations, a synonym of episkopos, which has come to mean bishop.
		Initially, these presbyters were apparently identical with the overseers (episkopoi, i.e., bishops), as such passages as Acts 20:17, Titus 1:5,7 and 1 Peter 5:1f indicate, and the terms were interchangeable.
		The bishop was understood mainly as the president of the council of presbyters, and so the bishop came to be distinguished both in honor and in prerogative from the presbyters, who were seen as deriving their authority by means of delegation from the bishop.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Presbyter (611 words)

	Info and facts on 'Presbyter' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Presbyter is, in the Bible (The sacred writings of the Christian religions), a synonym for bishop (A clergyman having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve apostles of Christ) (episkopos), referring to a leader in local Christian congregations.
		In this arrangement, the ministers' leadership is shared with presbyters (also called elders (Any of numerous shrubs or small trees of temperate and subtropical northern hemisphere having white flowers and berrylike fruit), usually elected by the local congregations), who help them shepherd the church while keeping their secular professions.
		In these traditions, the term presbyter is generally restricted to the Presbyterian (A follower of Calvinism as taught in the Presbyterian Church) churches, while Reformed churches (additional info and facts about Reformed churches) tend to use the term elder.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pr/presbyter.htm (398 words)

	Presbyter; Presbytery (International Standard Bible Encyclopedia) :: Bible Tools
		The word "presbyter" has been contracted by later ecclesiastical usage into the title "priest," although in the New Testament they are by no means identical, but on the contrary are often explicitly distinguished (Mark 14:43; Acts 23:14).
		The local synagogue of the Jewish church was under the care and control of a body of representative men called "the elders" (Luke 7:3).
		So early as the Pauline letters the office of presbyter seems already to have borne the distinction of two functions: teaching and ruling (I Timothy 5:17; compare Acts 20:17, Acts 20:28; I Thessalonians 5:12-13; I Peter 5:2).
	bibletools.org /index.cfm/fuseaction/Def.show/RTD/ISBE/ID/7071 (605 words)

	The 85 Canons
		Let not the presbyters or deacons do anything without the sanction of the bishop; for he it is who is intrusted with the people of the Lord, and of whom will be required the account of their souls.
		Let a bishop or presbyter who shall baptize again one who has rightly received baptism, or who shall not baptize one who has been polluted by the ungodly, be deposed, as despising the cross and death of the Lord, and not making a distinction between the true priests and the false.
		If any bishop, presbyter, or deacon, shall receive from anyone a second ordination, let both the ordained and the ordainer be deposed; unless indeed it be proved that he had his ordination from heretics; for those who have been baptized or ordained by such persons cannot be either of the faithful or of the clergy.
	www.3saints.com /apostlescanons.html (3320 words)

	CHURCH FATHERS: Supplement to De Viris Illustribis (Gennadius)
		Paulonas, the Presbyter, disciple of the blessed deacon Ephraim a man of very energetic character and learned in the holy scriptures was distinguished among the doctors of the church while his master was still living and especially as an extempora-neous orator.
		Rufinus, presbyter of the church at Aquileia, was not the least among the doctors of the church and bad a fine talent for elegant translation from Greek into Latin.
		Samuel presbyter of the church at Edessa, is said to have written many things in Syriac against the enemies of the church, especially against the Nestorians, the Euty-chians and the Timotheans, new heresies all, but differing from one another.
	www.newadvent.org /fathers/2719.htm (6866 words)

	The Role of the Presbyter in the Orthodox Parish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Role of the Presbyter in the Orthodox Parish
		The bishops and presbyters are the rulers of the community.
		The head of the parish in its total life is the presbyter, who is ordained and assigned by the diocesan bishop.
	www.stnicholas-oca.org /articles/presbyter.htm (1463 words)

	Canons1
		If a Bishop or Presbyter baptize anew anyone that has had a true baptism, of fail to baptize anyone that has been polluted by the impious, let him be deposed, on the ground that he is mocking the Cross and death of the Lord and railing to distinguish priests from pseudopriests.
		If any Bishop, or Presbyter, or Deacon, on the days of feasts will not partake of meat and wine, because he loathes these things, and not on account of asceticism, let him be deposed from of/ice, on the ground that he has his own conscience seared and has become a cause of scandal to many.
		If any Bishop, or Presbyter, or Deacon, or anyone else on the sacerdotal list at all, eat meat in the blood of its soul, or that has been killed by a wild beast, or that has died a natural death, let him be deposed.
	www.synaxis.org /cn/stjohn/canons1.html (3472 words)

	[No title]
		I was desirous [5] to pass such a matter by without notice, in the hope that perhaps the evil would spend itself among its supporters, and not extend to other places to defile [6] the ears [7] of the simple [8].
		I Colluthus, Presbyter, agree with what is here written, and give my assent to the deposition of Arius and his associates in impiety.
		Presbyters of the Mareotis I, Apollonius, Presbyter, agree with what is here written, and give my assent to the deposition of Arius and his associates in impiety.
	www.ewtn.com /library/PATRISTC/PII4-2.TXT (1190 words)

	Encyclopedia: Presbyter
		Presbyterianism is part of the Reformed churches family of denominations of Christian Protestantism based on the teachings of John Calvin which traces its institutional roots to the Scottish Reformation, especially as led by John Knox.
		The Reformed churches are a group of Protestant denominations historically related by a similar Zwinglian or Calvinist system of doctrine but organisationally independent.
		The Roman Catholic Church, (also known as the Catholic Church), is the ancient Christian Church led by the Bishop of Rome (commonly called the Pope).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Presbyter (1829 words)

	Newman Reader - Historical Tracts of St. Athanasius - 2
		Notwithstanding our enemies did not desist from their attempts, but still he that was no Presbyter was feigned to be one, for there was the Count ready to use compulsion towards us, and soldiers hurried us about [Note 6].
		For neither is he a Presbyter of the Catholic Church, nor does he possess a Church, nor has a chalice ever been broken, but the whole story is false and an invention.
		Ischyras the Presbyter having petitioned the piety of our Lords, Cæsars Augusti, that a Church might be built in the district of the Peace of Secontarurus [Note 31], their divinity has commanded that this should be done as soon as possible.
	www.newmanreader.org /works/athanasius/historical/tract2-6.html (5137 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Church
		That the terms bishop and presbyter are synonymous is evident from Titus, i, 5-7: "I left thee in Crete, that thou shouldest.
		It is told that, sending from Miletus to Ephesus, he summoned "the presbyters of the Church", and in the course of his charge addressed them as follows: "Take heed to yourselves and to the whole flock, wherein the Holy Ghost has placed you bishops to tend [poimainein] the Church of God" (xx, 28).
		The term presbyter was of common use in the Jewish Church, as denoting the "rulers" of the synagogue (cf.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03744a.htm (19666 words)

	The Methodist Church of Great Britain
		This lends itself both to speaking of presbyters as signs of the presence of Christ in the church and the world, and also to encapsulating the relationship between the discipleship of presbyters and the ministry of the whole people of God (although the former is not explicit in the Deed itself).
		Thus the way that a minister (presbyter) exercises a ministry of pastoral responsibility is essentially shaped by the fact that she or he serves.
		A presbyter is actively involved in planning, leading and participating in acts of worship and acts of mission, and in developing new forms of worship and mission in ways that are sensitive and responsive to the particularities of the context in which she or he ministers
	www.methodist.org.uk /index.cfm?fuseaction=information.content&cmid=342 (3659 words)

	Presbyter - OrthodoxWiki
		Presbyter is, in the Bible, a synonym for bishop (episkopos), referring to a leader in local Church congregations.
		The Orthodox Church often refers to presbyters in English as priests (priest is etymologically derived from the Greek presbyteros via the Latin presbyter).
		Presbyters are often referred to as Father, though that is not an official title.
	www.orthodoxwiki.org /Priest (434 words)

	Presbyter is translated "priest" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		presbyters..." seeming to equate the office of bishop with the
		The word presbyter is translated "priest" in the
		sort of head presbyter, he is not a "ruling bishop" in the sense
	www.brown.edu /Students/ocf/introduction/presbyter_is_translated_priest.html (167 words)

	Apostolic Canons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		If any bishop or presbyter offer any other things at the altar, besides that which the Lord ordained for the sacrifice, as honey, or milk, or strong-made drink instead of wine, [the text here varies] or birds, or any living things, or vegetables, besides that which is ordained, let him be deposed.
		Canon V. Let not a bishop, presbyter, or deacon, put away his wife under pretence of religion; but if he put her away, let him be excommunicated; and if he persists, let him be deposed.
		If a bishop, presbyter, or deacon, shall serve in the army, and wish to retain both the Roman magistracy and the priestly office, let him be deposed; for the things of Cæsar belong to Cæsar, and those of God to God.
	www.voskrese.info /spl/aposcanon.html (3491 words)

	Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series II, Vol. III
		the Presbyter, disciple of the blessed deacon Ephraim a man of very energetic character and learned in the holy scriptures was distinguished among the doctors of the church while his master was still living and especially as an extempora-neous orator.
		presbyter of the church at Aquileia, was not the least among the doctots of the church and bad a fine talent for elegant translation from Greek into Latin.
		presbyter of the church at Edessa, is said to have written many things in Syriac against the enemies of the church, especially against the Nestorians, the Eutychians and the Timotheans, new heresies all, but differing from one another.
	www.ccel.org /fathers2/NPNF2-03/Npnf2-03-28.htm (7511 words)

	Newman Reader - Historical Tracts of St. Athanasius - Appendix
		I was desirous [Note D] to pass such a matter by without notice, in the hope that perhaps the evil would spend itself among its supporters, and not extend to other places to defile [Note E] the ears [Note F] of the simple [Note G].
		For it becomes us who are Christians to turn away from all who speak or think any thing against Christ, as being enemies of God, and destroyers [Note X] of souls; and not even to bid such God speed, lest we become partakers of their sins, as the blessed John hath charged us.
		I, Apollonius, Presbyter, agree with what is here written, and give my assent to the deposition of Arius and his associates in impiety.
	www.newmanreader.org /works/athanasius/historical/appendix.html (2036 words)

	Church Fathers Volume 37
		A presbyter ought not to be present at the marriage of digamists.
		LET not a presbyter be ordained before he is thirty years of age, even though he be in all respects a worthy man, but let him be made to wait.
		COUNTRY presbyters may not make the oblation in the church of the city when the bishop or presbyters of the city are present; nor may they give the Bread or the Cup with prayer.
	www.catholicfirst.com /thefaith/churchfathers/volume37/ecouncil3707.cfm (2360 words)

	USCCB - NAB - 3 John
		The author's goal was to secure hospitality and material support for his missionaries, and the Presbyter is writing to another member of the church who has welcomed missionaries in the past.
		The Presbyter seems to acknowledge that only a personal confrontation with Diotrephes will remedy the situation (3 John 1:10).
		The division, however, may also rest on doctrinal disagreement in which Gaius and the other "friends" accept the teaching of the Presbyter, and Diotrephes does not; the missionaries are not received for suspicion of theological error.
	www.nccbuscc.org /nab/bible/3john/3john.htm (947 words)

	Bishop and presbyter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He is assisted in the task by the presbyters, later on to be denominated priests (as the sacramental liturgy starts to strangle the vitality of the churches).
		This sharp distinction between bishop and presbyter developed into a three-fold ministry: Bishop, priest and deacon.
		Elder, pastor, bishop, and presbyter, by sound and solid exegesis, all refer to the same person, gifted by Christ to take care of his people.
	www.tecmalta.org /tft239.htm (479 words)

	Operation Manual (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Executive Presbyter of the Presbytery of South Dakota shall be the chief administrator of the presbytery.
		The executive presbyter shall assist the Presbytery of South Dakota by coordinating, resourcing, facilitating, monitoring and proposing initiatives for the life and work of the presbytery, while helping develop and administer a continued plan for improving the Presbytery of South Dakota's effectiveness.
		The executive presbyter and the moderator of the Presbytery of South Dakota shall be members ex officio of the standing committees, any special committees and Council without vote, except that the moderator of the presbytery shall not be an ex officio member of the committee on nominations.
	www.posd.org /op_manual.htm (5749 words)

	presbyter -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		III John, addressed to Gaius, shows that the writer is concerned about and has responsibility as presbyter for the missionaries of the church.
		It is somewhat of a short note concerned with church discipline, encouraging hospitality to true missionaries, and thus not unconnected with true doctrine and the command of love.
		Features list of Presbyters and pastors, account of the Westminster Standards, and articles and publications of the church.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9061273 (419 words)

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