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Topic: Preservative

	FDA/CBER - Thimerosal in Vaccines
		In the following pages, a discussion of preservatives, the use of thimerosal as a preservative, guidelines on exposure to organomercurials (primarily methylmercury), thimerosal toxicity, recent and future FDA actions, and the conclusions of the Institute of Medicine's most recent review of thimerosal in vaccines are presented.
		In some cases, preservatives are added during manufacture to prevent microbial growth; with changes in manufacturing technology, however, the need to add preservatives during the manufacturing process has decreased markedly.
		At concentrations found in vaccines, thimerosal meets the requirements for a preservative as set forth by the United States Pharmacopeia; that is, it kills the specified challenge organisms and is able to prevent the growth of the challenge fungi (U.S. Pharmacopeia 2004).
	www.fda.gov /cber/vaccine/thimerosal.htm (4582 words)

	Preservative Treated Wood - Publications - BM&WT - UMass Amherst
		The wood preserving industry didn't begin in earnest though, until the late 1800s when America's railroads, faced with a shortage of naturally-durable woods for crossties, started saturating non-durable woods with creosote.
		In addition to creosote, preservatives fall into two classes, oil-borne and water-borne, depending on whether they are carried into wood in an organic liquid or water.
		Preservative penetration and retention with self-treating are minimal.
	www.umass.edu /bmatwt/publications/articles/preservative_treated_wood.html (3919 words)

	Welding, cutting, and heating in way of preservative coatings. - 1926.354 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Preservative coatings shall be considered to be highly flammable when scrapings burn with extreme rapidity.
		In enclosed spaces, all surfaces covered with toxic preservatives shall be stripped of all toxic coatings for a distance of at least 4 inches from the area of heat application, or the employees shall be protected by air line respirators, meeting the requirements of Subpart E of this part.
		The preservative coatings shall be removed a sufficient distance from the area to be heated to ensure that the temperature of the unstripped metal will not be appreciably raised.
	www.osha.gov /pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10700 (249 words)

	Preservative - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Preservatives may be added to wood to prevent the growth of fungi as well as to repel insects and termites.
		Preservative food additives are often used alone, or in conjunction with other methods of food preservation.
		A distinction is sometimes made between anti-microbial preservatives which function by inhibiting the growth of insects, bacteria and fungi, and antioxidants such as Oxygen absorbers, which inhibit the oxidation of food constituents.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Preservative (263 words)

	Selective Preservative Treated Wood
		The objective of a wood preservative is to contaminate or change the form of the fourth condition necessary for fungal growth, the food source.
		Preservative is flooded into the tank and the seal is broken creating a partial vacuum which sucks preservative into the wood.
		Penetration of preservatives in lumber of southern yellow, red, or ponderosa pines must be at least 2.5 inches or 85% of sapwood depth in 90% of pieces sampled.
	www.extension.umn.edu /distribution/housingandclothing/DK0897.html (5118 words)

	Preservative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Preservative food additives are often used alone or in with other methods of food preservation.
		A distinction is sometimes made between preservatives which function by inhibiting the growth insects bacteria and fungi and antioxidants which inhibit the oxidation of food constituents.
		Common anti-microbial preservatives sodium nitrate sodium nitrite sulfites (sulphur dioxide sodium bisulfate potassium bisulfate etc.) and disodium EDTA.
	www.freeglossary.com /Preservative (311 words)

	Recommendations Regarding the Use of Vaccines That Contain Thimerosal as a Preservative
		Thimerosal is a mercury-containing preservative that has been used as an additive in biologics and vaccines since the 1930s because it prevents bacterial and fungal contamination, particularly in multidose containers.
		One manufacturer reported that the supply of its diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine that does not contain thimerosal as a preservative would be sufficient to meet any increased demand during the next year, and three other manufacturers are developing similar DTaP vaccines that could be licensed in the future.
		If the supply of single-antigen hepatitis B vaccines that do not contain thimerosal as a preservative is limited, the priority for its use should be to vaccinate newborn infants (3).
	www.cdc.gov /MMWR/preview/MMWRhtml/mm4843a4.htm (1141 words)

	Pressure Preservative Treatment of Structural Glued Laminated Timber
		Preservative treatments protect wood if outdoors fully exposed to the weather without roof cover, when in ground contact, when indoors in high humidity atmospheres, and for marine applications.
		Preservative treatment may or may not be required for certain installations where wood can be protected from decay with various construction details and connections maintaining an in-service moisture content of less than 20%.
		These preservatives, water soluble, are generally applied prior to gluing, then the wood is kiln dried and the members are glued to the required shape and size.
	www.maritime.org /conf/conf-rhude.htm (1391 words)

	preservative - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Salt (compound): preservative properties, salting of fish and pork
		Curing is one of the oldest forms of food preservation.
		It is used to preserve meat and fish, yielding common products such as bacon, ham,...
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=preservative (104 words)

	Preservatives
		Used as a preservative in wine for its antibacterial properties, and as a bleaching agent in flour.
		Formic acid is used as a preservative in food, and also in manufacture of leather and preparation of latex rubber.
		Potassium nitrite is the potassium salt of nitrous acid and is used as a curing agent and preservative in meat.
	www.chm.bris.ac.uk /webprojects2001/anderson/preservatives.htm (2274 words)

	McDonald's Nutrition Information
		Preservatives: benzoic acid and/or sorbic acid, calcium lactate or calcium chloride.
		Unbleached wheat flour, water, sugar, yeast, vegetable oil, salt, soya flour, emulsifiers (sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate, mono- and di- acetylartaric acid esters of mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids, mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids), preservative (calcium prioponate), flour improver (ascorbic acid).
		Unbleached wheat flour, water, sugar, yeast, vegetable oil, salt, soya flour, emulsifiers (sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate, mono- and di-acetyltartaric acid esters of mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids, mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids), preservative (calcium propionate), flour improver (ascorbic acid).
	www.mcspotlight.org /company/publications/nutrition_info.html (2224 words)

	Museum of Funeral Customs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Since arterial embalming first began in the Netherlands in the 17th century, anatomists, physicians, chemists, and embalmers constantly experimented with a variety of solutions and chemicals to produce an effective liquid preservative that would retard decomposition and, later, produce a life-like tint in the body's skin.
		Among its principal advantages are: it is cheap, it kills many micro-organisms to prevent the spread of disease, it aggressively destroys the enzymes responsible for decomposition, it reacts with proteins to form insoluble compounds that are resistant to decomposition, and it hardens and fixes the body's tissues quickly for positioning of the body.
		Sodium borate is a preservative and an antiseptic and is used to some extent as a blood solvent.
	www.funeralmuseum.org /a_form.shtm (551 words)

	Chemical paint and preservative removers. - 1915.33
		Employees shall be protected against skin contact during the handling and application of chemical paint and preservative removers and shall be protected against eye injury by goggles or face shields in accordance with the requirements of subpart I of this part.
		When using flammable paint and preservative removers, precautions shall be taken in accordance with the requirements of 1915.36.
		When using chemical paint and preservative removers which contain volatile and toxic solvents, such as benzol, acetone and amyl acetate, the provisions of 1915.32 shall be applicable.
	www.osha.gov /pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10225 (169 words)

	Bess Maid Preservative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		We use it to preserve everything from a mouse to a moose, a fish to a fox, or a snake to a swan.
		If their preservative requires salt, acid or any other additive or helper, something must be wrong with it.
		To prepare the skin for mounting and to permanently preserve it, you simply apply Bess Maid in its dry form to the flesh side of the raw, shaven hide and you are ready to go.
	members.aol.com /touchtxdmy/bessmaid.htm (780 words)

	AEN-6:Preservative Treatment of Greenhouse Wood
		Depending upon the type of preservative and preserving method, treatment should enable even the least resistant species of lumber to last as long as the most durable untreated lumber.
		Oil-borne Preservatives: The common oil-borne preservatives are creosote and pentachlorophenol (penta).
		In addition, these preservatives are harmful to the plasticizer in many film plastics, and direct contact of the plastic on the material can result in premature failure of the film.
	www.ca.uky.edu /agc/pubs/aen/aen6/aen6.htm (1687 words)

	Class Definition for Class 570 - ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES
		A preserved compound claimed as having a utility provided for in the composition classes is classified with the composition.However, a mere recital of the destabilizing effect or medium guarded against, e.g., "in contact with aluminum", etc., will not prevent placement of a patent in this or indented subclasses.
		Composition wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains a ring having three or more members and containing at least one atom of each of carbon and nitrogen and optionally oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium as the only other ring members.
		Composition wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains a nitro group bonded directly to a carbon atom which is not part of a ring.
	www.uspto.gov /go/classification/uspc570/defs570.htm (3039 words)

	Preservative
		A distinction is sometimes made between anti-microbial preservatives which function by inhibiting the growth of insects, bacteria and fungi, and antioxidants, which inhibit the oxidation of food constituents.
		Common anti-microbial preservatives include sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, sulfites, (sulphur dioxide, sodium bisulfate, potassium bisulfate, etc.) and disodium EDTA.
		The benefits and safety of many artificial food additives (including preservatives) are the subject of debate.
	www.knowledgefun.com /book/p/pr/preservative.html (162 words)

	NCAMP-Poison Poles-Introduction
		Despite the fact that wood preservatives are some of the most deadly, ubiquitous and persistent chemicals known to the human race, the producers of these chemicals, treaters of the wood and end users of the treated wood products have all fought successfully to limit restrictions over a two-decade period beginning in the late 1970's.
		To maintain preservation of a pole over time, they are often pumped full of fresh chemicals, especially at the base where the wood meets the soil.
		While the environmental and public health problems associated with wood preservatives escalate and government fails to adequately regulate these highly toxic substances, the annual utility pole replacement rate of over three million poles is generating a disposal problem that can not be controlled.
	www.ncamp.org /poisonpoles/intro.html (1364 words)

	E number - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		E222 Sodium bisulfite (sodium hydrogen sulfite) (preservative) [PAR]
		E227 Calcium hydrogen sulfite (preservative) (firming agent) [PAR]
		E262 Sodium acetates (i) Sodium acetate (ii) Sodium hydrogen acetate (sodium diacetate) (preservative) (acidity regulator)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/E_number (1593 words)

	Preservative Treated Wood - Publications - BM&WT - UMass Amherst
		The wood preserving industry didn't begin in earnest though, until the late 1800s when America's railroads, faced with a shortage of naturally-durable woods for crossties, started saturating non-durable woods with creosote.
		In addition to creosote, preservatives fall into two classes, oil-borne and water-borne, depending on whether they are carried into wood in an organic liquid or water.
		Preservative penetration and retention with self-treating are minimal.
	umass.edu /bmatwt/publications/articles/preservative_treated_wood.html (3934 words)

	Preservative and Temperature Postharvest Treatments on
		No information could be found on the best floral preservative to be used on these plants, nor was there any information on the effects cold, wet storage would have on these stems.
		The results with floral preservative treatments back up the idea that the cultivar would react differently with the different floral preservative treatments.
		There was no difference between preservatives when stems were stored in cold prior to treatment; although all three preservatives were better than the control (Figure 3).
	www.uky.edu /Ag/NewCrops/kyushu.htm (889 words)

	Big Potential in Cell Preservative - Science - RedOrbit
		Longer preservation of the samples means more accurate test results and fewer tests that have to be repeated.
		Streck ships its preservative, whose trademark name is Cyto-Chex, to a Becton, Dickinson plant in Broken Bow, Neb., where the reagent is added to BD vials.
		From that discovery, he developed a cell preservative that was an alternative to formaldehyde.
	www.redorbit.com /news/science/661623/big_potential_in_cell_preservative/index.html?source=r_science (1097 words)

	bread1
		However, the move against the bread preservative shows that many more children are affected than authorities admit, and that the greater good of the community would be best served by the removal of harmful additives.
		I thought yoghurt was healthy, next came the deli and sandwich meats with all their preservatives and colours, but even walking through the fruit and vegetable aisles you start to wonder about genetically modified foods and the pesticides used.
		She did not know anything particular about this preservative and its effects and she only mentioned it because preservatives were believed to be a cause of behaviour problems in children.
	www.fedupwithfoodadditives.info /features/breadresearch/bread1.htm (13120 words)

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