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Topic: President of Panama

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	Panama - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Much of Panama's domestic politics and international diplomacy in the 20th century were tied to the Panama Canal and the foreign policy of the United States.
		Panama is a republic with three branches of government: executive and legislative branches elected by direct vote for 5-year terms, and an independently appointed judiciary.
		Panama is located in Central America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Colombia and Costa Rica.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Panama (1153 words)

	Panama - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Panama
		The president, similarly elected for a five-year term, is assisted by two elected vice presidents and an appointed cabinet.
		In 1939 Panama's protectorate status was ended by mutual agreement, and in 1974 the two countries agreed to negotiate an eventual transfer of the canal to Panama.
		One transferred ownership of the canal to Panama (effective from 1990) and the other guaranteed its subsequent neutrality, with the conditions that only Panamanian forces would be stationed in the zone, and that the USA would have the right to use force to keep the canal open if it became obstructed.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Panama (1013 words)

	Panama -> History on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Panama was densely inhabited by different indigenous peoples before the arrival of the Spanish.
		The first European sighting of Panama was by the Spaniard Rodrigo de Bastidas in 1501, and Columbus dropped anchor off the present-day Portobelo in 1502.
		Panama was subordinated to the viceroyalty of Peru and remained in this status until 1717, when it was transferred to New Granada.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/panama_history.asp (1432 words)

	granma.cu - MARTÍN TORRIJOS SWORN IN AS NEW PRESIDENT OF PANAMA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		PANAMA CITY, September 1.— Martín Torrijos, aged 41, was sworn in today as the new president of Panama for a five-year mandate, in a ceremony attended by 10 foreign leaders and the Princes of Asturias, EFE reports.
		The presidential sash was placed on Torrijos by Jerry Wilson, the new president of the National Assembly who, in his turn, had been elected a few hours earlier.
		The investiture of Torrijos, Samuel Lewis Navarro as first vice president and Rubén Arosemena as second vice president began with the installation of the 77-member Legislative Assembly and the election of a joint executive of that body.
	www.granma.cu /ingles/2004/septiembre/juev2/torrijos.html (339 words)

	Special Panama Trip Report by Howard Phillips (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mireya Moscoso (the new President of Panama), with the chairman of a key legislative committee in the Panamanian assembly, with a prominent member of the Panamanian judiciary, as well as with influential private citizens.
		Panama is a nation without an army of its own, besieged by a developing threat on its border with Colombia, where Castro-backed narcoterrorists control some 40 percent of Colombia's territory and are moving at will across the border with Panama.
		Carter during his visit to Panama were the infamous David Rockefeller and Sol Linowitz, whose financial stake in betraying America's control of the canal helped drive their side of the debate in the American media during the 1970s.
	www.conservativeusa.org /panamatrip.htm (1223 words)

	1925. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Panama appealed to the League of Nations to determine the question, but the League took no action and the president of Panama disavowed the appeal.
		President Arias conferred with President Roosevelt in Washington regarding the treaty relations between the two countries.
		Panama opened negotiations with the United States to secure modification of the treaty of 1903, so as to eliminate the U.S. guarantee of Panama's independence, which gave the U.S. the right to intervene.
	www.bartelby.com /67/2276.html (313 words)

	All Around Panama
		Panama is a country of contrast, the old and the modern met.
		Panama is rich in history and finds itself at the same time a part of the history being made because of the rich and valuable resources of the land and the Panama Canal.
		Panama is the southern most country of the Central American nations, Panama is located south of Costa Rica and north of Colombia.
	www.allaroundpanama.com (1355 words)

	Presidenti i Republikes se Shqiperise
		President Moisiu congratulated the President of Panama on the occasion of his election.
		The President of the Republic, Alfred Moisiu, has sent a congratulatory message to the President of Panama, Martin Torrijos, on the occasion of his election in the high position.
		“Panama has already enter with determination in the irreversible path of democracy, which, as I am convinced, under your leadership will know only progress and continuing strengthening.” – it is written in the President Moisiu’s message addressed to the President of Panama, Torrijos.
	www.president.al /english/pub/info.asp?id=175 (116 words)

	Panama
		President until such time as the 5th could return from Chile, where he was serving as ambassador.
		Augusto Samuel Boyd (1879-1957), son of Frederico and Teodolinda, was the 18th President of Panama from Dec.18, 1939-Sept. 30, 1940.
		In addition to the ones I have already mentioned, the 5th President was Dr. Pablo Arosemena; the 13th President was Florencio Harmodio Arosemena; the 24th President was Domingo Diaz Arosemena; and, the 27th, Alcibiades Arosemena.
	clanboyd.info /outsideusa/panama (1311 words)

	CNN - Panama: 'The canal is ours' - December 14, 1999
		PANAMA CITY (CNN) -- After building the Panama Canal and controlling it for nearly a century, the United States on Tuesday ceremonially handed over the vital waterway to Panama.
		The canal is ours," said Panamanian President Mireya Moscoso after she and former U.S. President Jimmy Carter signed a document symbolically relinquishing the canal and the land surrounding it to Panama.
		Vice President Al Gore opted to pursue his presidential campaign, and Secretary of State Madeleine Albright canceled her trip to Panama at the last minute to prepare for peace talks in Washington this week between Israel and Syria.
	www.cnn.com /1999/US/12/14/panama.canal.03/index.html (1076 words)

	Son of popular leader elected president of Panama - PRAVDA.Ru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Panama obtained its independence from Colombia on November 3rd 1903, with the help of the United States of America.
		When Panama declared independence, Washington was the first country in recognizing it and the new Panamanian authorities thanked this attitude by handing over the territory where the Canal was finally constructed, only fifteen days later.
		By that time, Panama did not even had a Constitution to state how this new country was supposed to be named.
	english.pravda.ru /printed.html?news_id=12703 (590 words)

	Princess: News: PRESIDENT OF PANAMA CHRISTENS NEW CORAL PRINCESS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Princess's newest ship, Coral Princess, was officially named today by the President of Panama in a historic ceremony while actually transiting the locks of the Panama Canal.
		Her Excellency Mireya Moscoso, president of the Republic of Panama, pulled the lever that released a bottle of champagne to christen the line's newest ship, at ceremony held onboard the ship during the noon transit of the brand-new Coral Princess through the Gatun Locks of the Canal.
		Panama's first female head of state, President Moscoso took office in September 1999 and has since become a popular leader who has worked to strengthen her country's social and educational programs.
	www.princess.com /news/article.jsp?newsArticleId=na562 (674 words)

	Panama Tourism - PanamaRide.com
		This province is located at the northwest of the Republic of Panama.
		There are many ways to see Panama, many like tour the city on foot, sampling the sights, sounds, and tastes of the city as they go.
		Panama is a city that will capture your heart.
	www.panamaride.com (149 words)

	Council Witnesses 'Spirit of Democracy' as Voters Elect New President of Panama
		Former President Jimmy Carter, Rosalynn Carter, and a 26-member delegation of The Council of Freely Elected Heads of Government traveled to Panama on May 6-9 to help monitor that country's elections.
		Of Panama's 2.5 million citizens, 1.4 million were registered to vote, and turnout was 74 percent.
		This year's election was considered a crucial test of Panama's renewed commitment to democracy, since the ruling party lost power.
	www.cartercenter.org /doc183.htm (605 words)

	WorldNetDaily: The Panama-China connection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The 45-year-old businessman has been a catalyst in Panama politics since the Noriega era when he was jailed and exiled for opposition to the regime.
		President Ramos twice vetoed Hutchinson's award and the company was denied the base.
		After President Balladares of Panama was elected in May 1994, the government began searching for companies to privatize the ports claiming high operating costs and inefficiency.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=16632 (1349 words)

	Panama business and investments, panama tourism and trade
		The coconut was the currency here until the 1990s, and to watch fishermen repairing their nets and women sewing molas (intricately appliquéd dress panels) is to gain a privileged view of a fragile culture...
		After two years of talks, Panama and the United States are hoping to wrap up a free trade agreement at a new set of negotiations likely later this month, the two governments said this week....
		PANAMA CITY - Irish company Circle Oil plans to start studying data on an offshore hydrocarbons exploration block off the coast of Panama by year-end and could start seismic studies in the second quarter of next year.....
	www.businesspanama.com (479 words)

	Son of ex-dictator elected president of Panama - May 04, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		PANAMA CITY -- Social Democrat Martin Torrijos, son of a former dictator, was declared Panama's next president late Sunday after taking a commanding lead in early returns.
		Trailing far behind were former foreign minister Jose Miguel Aleman, of President Mireya Moscoso's conservative Vision Pais coalition, who garnered 17.3 percent of the vote, and businessman Ricardo Martinelli of Democratic Change with 4.8 percent.
		Endara, 67, became president in 1989 when the United States invaded and took strongman Manuel Noriega to Miami for trial on narcotics charges.
	www.inq7.net /wnw/2004/may/04/wnw_7-1.htm (463 words)

	CPJ Protests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A bill, due to be discussed in the Legislative Assembly tomorrow, would replace Law 11, a provision of the gag laws that grant the Ministry of Government and Justice the authority to close down media outlets.
		As we stated in the letter sent to you on March 4 of this year, CPJ believes that Panama's gag laws are a threat to press freedom, a violation of international law, and a blemish on Panama's democratic development.
		May we suggest that expanding the legal means for repressing journalists is not a fitting legacy for a president who came to power pledging to strengthen Panamanian democracy.
	www.cpj.org /protests/99ltrs/Panama26July99.html (329 words)

	FOR: Panamá Update, December 1997
		In April Panama's concession to a Chinese-controlled developer for a remake of Panamanian ports provoked a Republican reaction to a US conglomerate's loss of its bid for the ports and threats of sanctions.
		González is the son of the president of Panama's legislative assembly, Gerardo González, an opponent of a continued US military presence in Panama.
		Former president Guillermo Endara said that the case is "embarrassing" for Washington in light of US interests in keeping soldiers in Panama.
	www.forusa.org /programs/panama/archives/1297-1.htm (1139 words)

	CNN - Panama's first woman president to preside over new era - May 3, 1999
		PANAMA CITY, Panama (CNN) -- President-elect Mireya Moscoso promised Monday to throw an old-fashioned Latin American street party when she becomes Panama's first female president later this year.
		Moscoso, a former secretary, was just 22 years old when she married 67-year-old Arias in 1969, a year after he was ousted in a military coup.
		During Panama's military rule, she lived in exile in the United States with her husband.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/americas/9905/03/panama.elex (503 words)

	Panama
		President Bush will travel to Mar del Plata, Argentina on November 3-5 to participate in the Summit of the Americas and to meet with Argentine President Nestor Carlos Kirchner.
		This visit will allow the President to continue his dialogue with the Hemisphere's democratically-elected leaders, highlight our engagement in the region, and promote the consolidation of democracy and the expansion of economic opportunity and prosperity through open markets and free trade.
		President Bush asked me to carry to you his highest regards and to reiterate his friendship for you and for Panama.
	usembassy.state.gov /panama (769 words)

	Panama (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Indeed much of Panama's domestic politics and international diplomacy in the 20th century were tied to the Panama Canal.
		Ostensibly, the death of a U.S. soldier in Panama at a Panamanian Defense Forces roadblock was one of the precipitating causes for the invasion,.
		A few hours after the invasion, in a ceremony that took place inside a US military base in the former Canal Zone, Guillermo Endara was sworn in as the new president of Panama.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/P/Panama.htm (1143 words)

	president of panama and other panama related information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Panamaâs President Ignoring Chinese Smuggling NewsMax.com Tuesday, Aug. 22, 2000 Panamaâs President Mireya Moscoso is turning a blind eye toward smugglers bringing in illegal Chinese aliens, some of...
		Panama to the White House on April 28, 2005.
		President to Attend Summit of the Americas and Travel to Brazil and Panama President Bush will travel to Mar del Plata, Argentina on November 3-5 to participate in the Summit of the Americas and to...
	www.nethorde.com /panama/president-of-panama.html (365 words)

	CPJ Protests
		Prompted by a sharp increase in prosecutions of Panamanian journalists, the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) is writing to strongly condemn Panama's "gag laws" as a threat to press freedom, a violation of international law, and a blemish on Panama's democratic development.
		The fact that such laws are still on the books in Panama is of grave concern; even more alarming is that a democratically elected head of state would use such statutes to stifle public debate and punish journalists who, in the legitimate exercise of their profession, criticize his administration.
		We urge you to work for the repeal of the gag laws and an end to criminal defamation, before the May 2 elections, so that your legacy will include a press that is not only liberated from the threat of violence, but also from unwarranted criminal prosecution.
	www.cpj.org /protests/99ltrs/panama4march99.html (1952 words)

	The Panama invasion revisited: lessons for the use of force in the post Cold War era.
		The 1989 U.S. invasion of Panama was the first American use of force since 1945 that was unrelated to the cold war.
		Historically, Panama was strategically important to the United States because of the Panama Canal.
		President Barletta condemned the murder and insisted on investigating the case, but Noriega forced him to resign.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/gilboa.htm (10118 words)

	Mireya Moscoso -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mireya Elisa Moscoso Rodríguez de Arias (born July 1, 1940) was the (The chief executive of a republic) President of (A republic on the Isthmus of Panama; achieved independence from Colombia in 1903) Panama from 1999 to 2004, representing the (Click link for more info and facts about Arnulfista Party) Arnulfista Party.
		She ran on a campaign to reduce (The state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions) poverty, improve (The activities of educating or instructing or teaching; activities that impart knowledge or skill) education, and slow down the country's (Click link for more info and facts about privatization) privatization process.
		Her popularity at the end of her government was the lowest for a Panamanian president.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/M/Mi/Mireya_Moscoso.htm (634 words)

	CBS News \| Cuba Cuts Panama Ties Over Exiles \| August 27, 2004 01:45:56
		Panamanian President Mireya Moscoso pardoned the four Cuban men on Thursday, just a few days before she is to leave office, despite Havana's threat to cut diplomatic ties over such a move.
		"The president of Panama, accomplice and protector of terrorism, will carry the historic responsibility of this repugnant and treacherous action, and will also be responsible for the new crimes these assassins could commit in the future," the statement read.
		Panama and Cuba have had relatively friendly relations since restoring ties in the early 1970s.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2004/08/26/world/main638663.shtml (592 words)

	APC: More Issues > Articles > Why The Panama Canal Treaties are Illegal
		In March of 1978, as President Jimmy Carter fought desperately to build support in Congress for his Panama Canal treaty that would transfer ownership from the United States to Panama, he ran into, what appeared to be, an insurmountable snag.
		Panama dictator, Omar Torrijos refused to sign the Treaty if it contained the "DeConcini Reservation." So again, Carter suggested that Torrijos write language that would satisfy him.
		Omar Torrijos was not the President of Panama.
	www.americanpolicy.org /more/whypanamacanal.htm (412 words)

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