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Topic: The Presocratics

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	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2003.01.32
		Presocratic philosophy is, for Laks, a dialectic -- a dialectic, moreover, which continues with Socrates, the Sophists, Plato and even Aristotle.
		However, in general there simply is not sufficient reliable evidence for us to determine who constituted the Presocratics' adversaries and audience -- the author struggles at times with the three that she has selected, and the problem would be worse with many of the other Presocratics.
		Patricia Curd ("The Presocratics as Philosophers") seeks to defend some of the earliest philosophers from some recent attacks which have suggested that they should not be considered philosophers.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2003/2003-01-32.html (3056 words)

	Rush Rhees - In Dialogue with the Greeks, Volume I: The Presocratics and Reality; Volume II: Plato and Dialectic - ...
		A dialogic mode of philosophizing is inherently more complex than one proceeding systematically to develop a theory or argue a case, for to enter into dialogue with a given philosopher's thinking is always to enter into a whole network of dialogic relationships.
		The Presocratic philosopher who seems to have grasped this insight most clearly is Heraclitus, whose "ethical pronouncements intertwine with his account of the natural world" (I, 39).
		One of Rhees' chief concerns as he moves from the Presocratics to Plato is how to achieve this understanding so that the transformational patterns constituting our own lives can be viewed generatively rather than degeneratively.
	ndpr.nd.edu /review.cfm?id=3401 (1915 words)

	THE PRESOCRATICS: BEING, NOT-BEING AND BECOMING
		We call "Presocratics" a group of thinkers who expressed themselves in various dialects of Greek during the 500's and 400's BC, that is, before the time of Socrates and his disciple Plato.
		To think of the Presocratics as children and of ourselves as sophisticated adults would be a gross mistake.
		We can view the thought of the Presocratics as an attempt to write down the laws governing the cosmos, the ordered universe which they likened to an enormous city-state, and we can view these laws as an attempt at a solution to the difficulties arising from trying to think the concept of not-being.
	math.albany.edu:8000 /~rn774/fall96/philos.html (3738 words)

	Greek Philosophy [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		The Presocratics were from either the eastern or western regions of the Greek world.
		The Presocratic's most distinguishing feature is emphasis on questions of physics; indeed, Aristotle refers to them as "Investigators of Nature".
		Only fragments of the original writings of the presocratics survive, in some cases merely a single sentence.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/g/greekphi.htm (3957 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 95.06.17
		It is hugely to his credit that despite their age, and despite the fact that several of them were written as book reviews, every single one of these essays deserves reading and re-reading, and most of them have become fundamental to the study of the Presocratic thinker or topic in question.
		I am thinking of theses such as the influence of the political concept of isonomia on the earliest Presocratics, the balance of theology and philosophy in the Presocratics, the nature of the influence of the Milesians on Heraclitus, and the non-existence of Pythagorean 'number-atomism' as a target of Eleatic criticism, to mention only four.
		It has to do with the degree to which all the Presocratics, or all aspects of any single Presocratic, may be susceptible to the hard analytic tools that Vlastos brings to bear on them.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1995/95.06.17.html (2464 words)

	K.R. Popper: Back to the Presocratics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The questions which the Presocratics tried to answer were primarily cosmological questions, but there were also questions of the theory of knowledge.
		As to the Presocratics, I assert that there is the most perfect possible continuity of thought between their theories and the later developments in physics.
		This is how the critical attitude of the Presocratics foreshadowed, and prepared for, the ethical rationalism of Socrates: his belief that the search for truth through critical discussion was a way of life--the best he knew.
	www.calstatela.edu /faculty/nthomas/380/readings/popper.htm (7845 words)

	SparkNotes: Presocratics: Context
		Phusikoi (the term Aristotle used to refer to the Presocratics) began to pop up in Italy and other parts of Greece, asking these same three questions and attempting to answer them without appealing to gods and goddesses.
		In this sense Parmenides can be seen as clearing the way for such later advances as Einstein's theory of relativity, Boltzman's laws of thermodynamics, the atomic theory, and a whole host of philosophical schools ranging all the way from George Berkeley's idealism to G.W. Leibniz's rationalism.
		In the wake of Parmenides' radical claims, two new schools of Presocratic philosophy sprung up, one with the aim of extending Parmenides' conclusions and another with the aim of limiting them.
	www.sparknotes.com /philosophy/presocratics/context.html (1238 words)

	Scholia Reviews ns 14 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		My own familiarity with the Presocratics is mostly from citations and quotations in modern works, supplemented by a few articles by acknowledged classicists.
		This aspect of his philosophy was largely ignored in the first principles story, but the recent evidence shows that the connection is not spurious, and that it should not be ignored.
		The traditional view places him as the divide between early and late Presocratic thought on origins through his arguments that change is impossible, and that the first principle must be The One, or Unity.
	www.classics.und.ac.za /reviews/05-27osb.htm (1315 words)

	SparkNotes: Presocratics: Thales of Miletus
		In its most robust form, the physis problem is a search to identify that thing out of which all else is derived and will ultimately return (the source or origin of the world), as well as that thing of which everything else is a variation (the unifier within nature).
		Thales almost certainly identified water as something divine (all the Presocratics seemed to identify their physis with divinity), and so everything in the world, as derivatives of water, would have a divine element to them.
		This would certainly complement theories of some later Presocratics, including the two other Milesian philosophers who do seem to explicitly hold that eternal motion is part and parcel of divinity.
	www.sparknotes.com /philosophy/presocratics/section1.html (1249 words)

	Keith Rowe/Presocratics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Having created a stir in the cassette underground, Presocratics first surfaced wit= h their debut CD last year, Works and Days, on Table of the Elements.
		Their brand spanking ne= w CD EP, Presocratics Serve Imperialism, is out now, also on Table of the Elements.
		Presocratics are Seattle resident Need Thomas Windham (an= alog creation) and New York denizen Jon Philpot (digital production).
	www.xmission.com /pub/lists/zorn-list/archive/v03.n368 (2408 words)

	NOTES ON THE PRESOCRATICS
		Prior to these thinkers, there was a tendency to explain events mythically or theologically -- in terms of the influence of the gods.
		The thinking of the Presocratics is cosmic in scope; they seek to understand ALL THAT IS in terms of a few simple principles.
		Einstein said: "The most incomprehensible thing about the universe is that it is comprehensible." He might have added: "It is comprehensible in terms of a relatively simple set of principles".
	www.elon.edu /sullivan/presoc.htm (1052 words)

	Pre-Socratic philosophy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This list includes several men, particularly the Seven Sages, who appear to have been practical politicians and sources of epigrammatic wisdom, rather than speculative thinkers or philosophers in the modern sense.
		Vollenhoven's History of the Presocratic Philosophers translated by H.
		This article is part of The Presocratic Philosophers series
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Presocratics (221 words)

	PH19C Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Presocratics were not, so far as we can tell, atheists: they allowed the gods into their brave new world, and some of them attempted to produce an improved, rationalized, theology in place of the anthropomorphic divinities of the Olympian pantheon.
		It cannot be said that the Presocratics established a single clear sense for the term logos or that they invented the concept of reason or of rationality.
		This is evident even in the earliest of the Presocratic thinkers and even when their claims seem most strange and least justified.
	www.uwichill.edu.bb /bnccde/PH19c/ph19cintroduction.htm (3743 words)

	[No title]
		Waterfield, 'Studies in Greek Philosophy, Volume I: The Presocratics', Bryn Mawr Classical Review 9506 URL = http://hegel.lib.ncsu.edu/stacks/serials/bmcr/bmcr-9506-waterfield-studies @@@@95.6.17, Vlastos, Studies in Greek Philosophy (I) Gregory Vlastos, Studies in Greek Philosophy, Volume I: The Presocratics.
		It may be that some of these theses need a little fine-tuning, but broadly they do seem pretty secure to me. By fine-tuning, I mean, for instance, that in one respect Vlastos may have over-estimated the influence of Anaximander on Heraclitus.
		Still, the results obtained by the analytical approach to ancient philosophy are often rewarding, and no one is better at extracting these rewards than Vlastos.
	www.infomotions.com /serials/bmcr/bmcr-9506-waterfield-studies.txt (2478 words)

	M. Luz Presocratics 2
		For example, his Metaphysics opens with a summary of Presocratic and Platonic thought but organized in order to show how earlier thinkers attempted to solve the problems that Aristotle himself saw as the basis of Metaphysics.
		One should also remember that though the words of the Presocratics survive only in fragments, they did not write their works in fragments.
		He is interested in using them in order to criticise and reinterpret their philosophy in order to contrast them with what he presents in his dialogues.
	research.haifa.ac.il /~mluz/Access/PhilLect2.html (3219 words)

	Theophrastus against the Presocratics and Plato (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Most of the material on the Presocratics is found nowhere else, which explains why many passages can be found scattered over the Fragmente der Vorsokratiker.
		As an antidote to this fragmented approach the Presocratics are here studied in context, a text informed by a distinctly Peripatetic perspective.
		The analysis of the reports and (long neglected) criticisms of Plato (ch.4) and the Presocratics (ch.5) offers new insights into Theophrastus' exegetical procedure by succesfully using Peripatetic dialectic as a heuristic tool.
	www.brill.nl /product.asp?ID=9081 (223 words)

	Powell's Books - Myth and Philosophy from the Presocratics to Plato by Kathryn A. Morgan
		Myth and Philosophy from the Presocratics to Plato
		This book explores the dynamic relationship between myth and philosophy in the Presocratics, the Sophists, and in Plato - a relationship which is found to be more extensive and programmatic than has previously been recognised.
		The story of philosophy's relationship with myth is that of its relationship with literary and social convention.
	www.powells.com /cgi-bin/biblio?inkey=91-0511035209-0 (209 words)

	Presocratics
		Explanations of natural phenomena among the Milesians, and in the Presocratics in general, proceed by two principles: the stuff of the world and what energizes it to produce other things by change.
		Heraclitus is in a kind of in-between state: The subtlety of his thought required a distinction between spiritual and physical (or between abstract and concrete), but his historical location makes it difficult for him to be sufficiently detached from previous thinking to make the transition.
		The Presocratics prior to Parmenides took their point of departure from experience and tried to locate something in experience or revealed in (or implied by) experience as the basic substance of the world.
	www.homestead.com /philofreligion/files/Presocratics.html (5473 words)

	Presocratics
		The Presocratics (so-called because they precede the watershed figure of Socrates) were the first philosophers of the West.
		The Presocratic explanations of nature assumed that there were four basic elements (as compared with our much more extensive list of basic elements): earth, water, air, and fire.
		Toward the end of the Presocratic period there was a reaction against what was rightly seen as one-sided philosophical questioning: following the Milesian philosopher-physicists, the Presocratics tended to be interested in natural philosophy and not the philosophy of human affairs.
	people.bu.edu /wwildman/WeirdWildWeb/courses/wphil/lectures/wphil_theme01.htm (4302 words)

	JointPhilReqs.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It should be a major focus of your study during your three years of coursework.
		The Reading List is also the basis for two examinations which members of the Joint Program must pass before advancing to candidacy.
		Presocratics: "B-fragments" of Xenophanes, Heraclitus, Parmenides, Melissus, Empedocles, and Anaxagoras, in Diels-Kranz, Fragmente der Vorsokratiker (7th ed.)
	www.utexas.edu /cola/depts/philosophy/ancient/philolist.html (331 words)

	Presocratics: Empedocles
		Diarmid, J. "Theophrastus on the Presocratic Causes" Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 51 (1953), pp.
		Mourelatos, A. "Quality, Structure, and Emergence in Later Presocratic Philosophy" pp.
		Verdenius, W. "Notes on the Presocratics, VIII, The Meaning of 1ίστoς in Empedocles; IX, Empedocles Frag.
	www.presocratics.org /empedocles.htm (2423 words)

	PHL 210
		Presocratics: Pythagoras and Pythagoreans; Xenophanes (very briefly); Heraclitus; The Eleatics: Parmenides, Zeno and Melissus.
		September 21: Exam on Presocratics and lecture: transition to Plato.
		Short paper on Presocratics due (required for honors students (Section 2-H and students taking this course with an Honors Option, but optional for all others).
	www.msu.edu /course/phl/210/phl210/fall99/kotzin_1/schedule.htm (338 words)

	Philosophy 230, Fall 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Keep in mind, though, that giving an explanation of what any presocratic philosopher "really meant" is a matter of heavy interpretation.
		For those that I have on reserve I list that number here….or you could look it up on their computer.
		This is the standard English-language reference to the Presocratics, and you maybe would like to own this if you are a philosophy major.
	www.cs.ualberta.ca /~jeffp/phil230/PresocraticBooks02.html (316 words)

	ANTIOPIC \| AN001
		The debut solo release by Need Windham, founder of concrete agit-prop duo Presocratics (ex-Table of the Elements).
		A subtle new tape work constructed solely from the critically hated and rejected parts of Presocratics compositions, employment patterns places itself far from the reserved monochrome of its contemporaries, distinguished, with a sly nod to Morton Feldman, through terse probing of tonal degree and compositional identity.
		"If Presocratics held pop organization in a stranglehold with free associative noise, tape manipulation and pure politics, Need Windham's solo compositions apply a much more elusive, nonfigurative approach.
	www.antiopic.com /catalog/an001.html (257 words)

	Heraclitus World Heidegger Presocratics Greek Philosophy Phenomenology
		Perhaps one of the greatest contributions of Heidegger's reading of the Presocratics to phenomenology consists in the very retrieval (Wiederholung) of the ontological transcendence of the kosmos in Heraclitus' cosmology.
		It is precisely to elucidate the relationship of Dasein to the world that Heidegger calls for a phenomenological understanding of the kosmos and its transcendental implications.
		In Vom Wesen des Grundes, Heidegger defines the Presocratic concept of the kosmos as Zustand ("condition," "state of affairs"), "the How in which being is in its totality." He proceeds then to support this interpretation by pointing to the use of the expression
	www.geocities.com /nythamar/herakleitos.html (4642 words)

	Presocratics and Presocratic Resources at Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base
		Presocratic philosophy was born in the Greek cities of Ionia at the end of the 7th century BCE The foundation of the Ionian school in Miletos is the starting-point of the presocratic thought, namely the first philosophical thought in the Ancient Greek world.
		The Presocratics combined ancient Greek mythology with rational thinking and sought all the forces which compose nature...(There's lots more including maps)
		This text is a reprint of the 3rd edition of John Burnet's famous study of Presocratic philosophy, Early Greek Philosophy, originally published in 1920.
	www.erraticimpact.com /~ancient/html/presocratics.htm (203 words)

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