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Topic: Pressure coefficient

Related Topics

Dimensionless number

Capillary number

Drag coefficient

Buckingham Pi theorem

Physical chemistry

	Pressure Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Pressure data was obtained using a pressure transducer attached to an Iotech Personal DAQ which plotted 100 data points directly into a spreadsheet and then averaged the data at each tap location in order to obtain the average pressure.
		This is to be expected as the pressure coefficient is a function of both air velocity and the recorded pressure tap location.
		This is found by summing the pressure coefficients from the top and bottom of the car at the same distance rearward from the front bumper.
	www.vu.union.edu /~archibad/senior/pressure_results.htm (936 words)

	APPENDIX A
		The pressure drop is not corrected for the effect of the pipe wall friction between the upstream and downstream pressure taps.
		is the downstream pressure, and Pv is the vapor pressure of the fluid.
		in psig, and the vapor pressure Pv of the fluid in psig.
	www.engineering.usu.edu /cee/hydraulics/APPENDIX.html (2367 words)

	Smeaton Pressure Coefficient
		The lift and drag coefficients then become the ratio of the lift and drag of the object to the drag of a flat plate of the same area.
		A metric version of the coefficient is also available, but the physical reference is different; a one meter square moving at one meter per second generates a drag force of.13 kilograms (force).
		The measured drag coefficient for a low speed flat plate is 1.28, the air density (r) is.00237 slug/ft^3 and 88 feet per second equals 60 miles per hour.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/Wright/airplane/smeaton.html (783 words)

	Pressure Dependence
		Therefore, the pressure coefficient is usually a positive constant within a hydrostatic pressure of 100kbar (100,000 atm).
		The hydrostatic pressure dependence of the fundamental bandgap is studied by the blue shifts of the optical absorption edge in a diamond anvil cell (Figure 1).
		From the absorption spectra in Figure 2, the linear pressure coefficient of Inn is determined to be 0.3 ± 0.1 meV/kbar.
	www.mse.berkeley.edu /~xli/SLi_Homepage/P_dep.htm (681 words)

	Pressure Coefficient
		coefficient of reactivity for the reactor is the result of the effect of pressure on the density of the
		coefficient is caused by the formation of steam voids in the moderator.
		The void coefficient is significant in water-moderated reactors that operate
	www.tpub.com /content/doe/h1019v2/css/h1019v2_51.htm (268 words)

	TIRE PRESSURE AS A MEANS OF CONTINOUSLY MONITORING WHEEL CALIBRATION FACTOR IN THE RRTC BICYCLE METHOD FOR COURSE ...
		The pressure coefficient would seem to be highly suited to course measurement, because in the same pressure range it probably does not change significantly for the life of the tire, with temperature, or with bicycle total weight.
		These readings are averaged, the calibration pressure subtracted, and the result multiplied by the coefficient and 5 km to give the course correction in rev. Similarly, for a 25-km measurement pressure can be read at intervals of 5 km.
		Therefore the pressure coefficient is (480.03 – 481.01) / (560 – 471) = -0.0110 rev/km/kPa.
	home.earthlink.net /~caverhall/pm.htm (2638 words)

	One Design Airfoil Analysis
		The pressure is lowered because the local velocity of the air is increased by the shape of the airfoil.
		The pressure coefficient distribution for the NACA 0016 at 2 degrees angle of attack is shown in Figure 4.
		In this region, the pressure is increasing, and the velocity is decreasing.
	www.eaa1000.av.org /technicl/onedesaf/1desaf.htm (2536 words)

	Modern Lift Equation
		The modern lift equation states that lift is equal to the lift coefficient (Cl) times the density of the air (r) times half of the square of the velocity (V) times the wing area (A).
		Early aerodynamicists characterized the dependence on the properties of the air by a pressure coefficient called Smeaton's coefficient which represented the pressure force (drag) on a one foot square flat plate moving at one mile per hour through the air.
		The lift coefficient of the modern equation is referenced to the dynamic pressure of the flow, while the lift coefficient of the earlier times was referenced to the drag of an equivalent flat plate.
	wright.nasa.gov /airplane/lifteq.html (1126 words)

	Airliners.net Articles: Pressure Thrust- The Future of Aviation? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Pressure drag can be described by comparing the pressure acting on the rear of a body, with the pressure acting on the forward section of the same body.
		The greater force of pressure on the rear overcomes the lesser force of pressure on the convex forward end (right) and generates the “negative drag.” Of course, drag won’t actually be negative because friction drag has not gone down at all (it actually goes up).
		So instead of leaving the effects of pressure in the drag math where they were, the amount of pressure thrust and the fuel-flow required for the suction are included into engine performance as Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption (TSFC is defined as the amount of fuel required to generate one pound of thrust for one hour).
	www.airliners.net /articles/read.main?id=83 (2332 words)

	BIPM - pressure
		The pressure coefficient of a Zener is determined by placing the instrument in a temperature-controlled, pressure-tight enclosure and varying the pressure.
		If the pressure coefficients of the two outputs were due to a common source, one would expect the points in Figure 2 to be clustered about the diagonal line
		Some earlier versions of the 732B were fitted with M-type reference/amplifiers and for these we found negative pressure coefficients with absolute values approximately ten times smaller than those of the L-type.
	www.bipm.fr /en/scientific/elec/research/coeff_pressure.html (375 words)

	AeroCFD Operating Instructions
		Pressure (form) drag is the integral of the normal pressure forces acting parallel (CX) to the axis of the rocket and perpendicular (CY or CN) to the axis of the rocket.
		Note: CX refers to the drag force coefficient in the axial direction of the airframe and CY (CN) refers to the lift force coefficient perpendicular to the axial direction of the airframe.
		10) Rocket Base Drag Coefficient (Cd_Base) is the contribution to pressure drag caused by the action of the insulating boundary layer "jet-pump" on the surface of the rocket that tends to "pump" air away from the base of the rocket causing the static pressure at the base of the rocket to be reduced.
	www.aerorocket.com /AeroCFD/manual.html (6389 words)

	AOE 3054 Experiment #3 - FLOW PAST A CIRCULAR CYLINDER
		The digital manometer can be used directly to measure the numerator of the pressure coefficient by connecting one of the Tygon tubes from the static ports on the circular cylinder to its '+' input, and a Tygon tube from the 'T' in the reference static pressure line to its '-' input.
		In this case, the pressure coefficient can be determined very accurately from the ratio of the simultaneous pressure readings from the two digital manometers.
		The stagnation pressure always drops as a result of viscous effects such as are encountered inside the edge of a turbulent wake, like that shed by the cylinder, and thus here the stagnation pressure coefficient will always be less than 1.
	www.aoe.vt.edu /~devenpor/aoe3054/manual/expt3/text.html (5293 words)

	AERADE
		For the laminar case it is found that the base pressure depends on the position of transition in the wake; base pressure is a minimum when transition is in the separated layers and a maximum when transition occurs downstream of the confluence of the separated layers.
		A graph plots the extreme values of base pressure coefficient as a function of freestream Mach number but, as transition position cannot be predicted readily, the value between those extremes appropriate to given conditions is indeterminate.
		ESDU Aero W.S.05.03.01 gives empirically-derived curves of static pressure as a fraction of the stagnation pressure behind a normal shock plotted against the ordinate of the nose measured from the centreline for three shapes: flat, semi-circular, and semi-elliptical with nose length to thickness ratio of 0.25.
	aerade.cranfield.ac.uk /subject-listing/esdu/ES56.html (2459 words)

	IHS ESDU 00017
		A correlation of experimental data showed that the base pressure ratio (that is the ratio of the base pressure on the boat-tailed body to that on the cylinder without boat-tailing) was independent of boat-tail length and angle and of jet pressure ratio.
		For boat-tail pressure drag, the method of characteristics was used to generate plots of the theoretical drag coefficient against freestream Mach number from 1.5 to 4 and afterbody length/maximum diameter ratio up to 2.5, each plot being for one value of boat-tail angle.
		For cases when the base pressure exceeds the pressure at the end of the boat-tail, the boat-tail pressure drag is reduced and a further empirical correlation leads to an equation for that decrement as a function of freestream Mach number, the base pressure coefficient and the pressure coefficient at the end of the boat-tail.
	www.esdu.com /graphics/dataitem/00017.htm (398 words)

	ADL01 Low-Speed Aerodynamics Intro
		Lift is the force due to the difference in the pressure between the lower and upper surfaces, multiplied by the planform area of the surface.
		The pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces is adjusted by adjusting the surface geometry and attitude to the oncoming flow.
		The pressure coefficient is a way to express the pressure with respect to some reference pressure, as a "dimensionless" quantity.
	www.adl.gatech.edu /classes/dci/aerodesn/dci03aero.html (2078 words)

	Radiation Pressure
		Electromagnetic radiation pressure is proportional to the energy intensity of the EM field, and inversely proportional to the speed of light.
		Therefore, as shown in the above diagram, the radiation pressure coefficient for cases where by a beam of EM radiation is incident upon a surface, falls somewhere in the range between zero when all waves go straight through to a maximum theoretical value of 2, when all incident waves are reflected.
		So, in order for radiation pressure to equate to the effects of gravity, we should find a condition for radiation pressure coefficient to be the same for all matter, so that the net force will depend on mass, that is the number of elementary targets within a particle or material body.
	www.blazelabs.com /f-g-rpress.asp (3257 words)

	Airfoil Pressures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Cp is the difference between local static pressure and freestream static pressure, nondimensionalized by the freestream dynamic pressure.
		The upper surface pressure is lower (plotted higher on the usual scale) than the lower surface Cp in this case.
		The pressure at the trailing edge is related to the airfoil thickness and shape near the trailing edge.
	adg.stanford.edu /aa241/airfoils/airfoilpressures.html (383 words)

	Machining of Ceramics
		Pressure distribution at the tool-tip workpiece interface,stresses induced,temperature effects and machining forces are studied in the simulations.
		To study the effect of depth of cut on the pressure field within the workpiece,simulations are conducted on GS-44 silicon nitride at depths of cut 1microns,5microns,10microns and 40microns.These simulations are made at speed of 25m/min so that material removal is dependent mostly on pressure rather than temperature.
		The extent of this high pressure zone is maximum for 1micron depth compared to 5microns and 10microns depths of cut.
	www.coe.uncc.edu /~hcheruku/machining/Simulations.html (470 words)

	Machine and Alloy Data
		The point to be aware of is that the Discharge Coefficient is the measure of the total metal feed system including the path through the die, so it is not strictly correct to relate it only to the machine.
		This pressure peak is responsible for the flashing of dies.
		The equation for the pressure peak is :
	www.hotflo.com /dccalc/data1.html (2563 words)

	Managing the Ins and Outs of Commercial Building Pressurization (Trane Engineers Newsletter 31-2)
		Ideally, the net pressure inside the building relative to outside should range from slightly negative or neutral during cold weather (minimizing exfiltration) to slightly positive during warm weather (minimizing infiltration).
		Described as hydrostatic pressure, but more commonly known as “stack pressure,” the weight of the air column is affected by local barometric pressure, temperature, and humidity ratio.
		Return-air-plenum pressure must always be positive enough to establish relief airflow; the recirculating damper must therefore drop significant pressure between the negative mixed air plenum and positive return air plenum.
	www.trane.com /commercial/library/vol31_2/index.asp (4133 words)

	Pressure Coefficient Distribution at five degree angle of attack. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Pressure Coefficient Distribution at five degree angle of attack.
		Find the pressure coefficient distribution at a five degree angle of attack: To do this, we use the same fluid flow program (cited in resources) that uses the Hess-Smith Panel Method to find the pressure coefficient distribution for a given NACA 4-digit series airfoil.
		Table 3: Pressure Coefficient for different coordinates upon the airfoil surface (α = 5).
	www.prism.gatech.edu /~gtg523b/Prob2.htm (115 words)

	Ascent Integrated Research - Incipient Roll Reduction via Winglet Ventilation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The pressure coefficient for the plain wing has a more pronounced decrease than for the wing with unvented winglet (for high AOA) as the distance increases from the second-last to the last pressure port.
		Another important characteristic of the pressure coefficient plots is the similarity in shape between plots for different AOA above 0.5 degrees.
		Since our pressure taps are intended to measure static pressures on the higher pressure underside of the wing, the dissimilar negative AOA curve does not detract from our results.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~mpanning/AIR/Results.htm (314 words)

	Detailing ASCE 7's changes \| July 2003 \| Professional Roofing Magazine
		When determining base flashing loads, the suction pressure on the windward parapet's roof side is determined by using the same coefficient used for the adjacent roof area.
		For example, using ASCE 7's Figure 6-11B for a low-rise building with a low-slope roof system, the external pressure coefficient at the roof's perimeter is -1.8 (assuming an effective wind area of 10 square feet [0.93 m²]).
		In the roof's corner areas, the coefficient is -2.8, and the suction coefficient for the base flashing in the corners also is -2.8.
	www.professionalroofing.net /article.aspx?A_ID=300 (1986 words)

	PANDA -- A Program for Analysis and Design of Airfoils
		Note that the pressure distribution is represented in the standard format -- the pressure coefficient, Cp, is plotted on an inverted scale (more negative values of Cp appear higher on the plot).
		The comparison of pressure distributions with other theories and experiments suggests that the integrated values of lift and moment will agree well with inviscid theory but will be larger than the measured values.
		Adverse gradients are regions of increasing pressure represented by a downward sloping curve in the Cp plot.
	www.desktopaero.com /manuals/PandaManual/PandaManual.html (5061 words)

	AeroIsp Operating Instructions
		The pressure in the vessel is measured at the beginning and end of the burn and the time it takes for the strand to burn to the second fuse is recorded.
		The chamber pressure (Pc) for the test is the average of the initial vessel pressure and the final vessel pressure at the end of the test.
		In addition, the Maximum Plot Pressure may be defined to be 10, 100, 1000, 10000, or 100000 psi and the Minimum Plot Pressure may be defined to be 1, 10, 100 or 1000 psi by simply selecting each value from a separate pull-down menu.
	www.aerorocket.com /AeroIsp/AeroIsp.html (3087 words)

	Cantilever sheet pile wall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Passive earth pressure coefficient can be found from the passive earth pressure reduction factor time the constant.
		Y axis is the value of passive earth pressure coefficient.
		Hydrostatic earth pressure can be found from the active earth pressure time the height of soil.
	www.ce.cmu.edu /~sj2/12-740/project/specific/equation.htm (631 words)

	Using Ballitic Drag and Solar Pressure
		The OASYS Orbit Determination Service can solve for solar pressure coefficient Cp or ballistic solar pressure constant Kp, depending on whether the solar pressure model is in surface mode or ballistic mode, respectively.
		The OASYS Orbit Determination Service can solve for drag coefficient Cd or ballistic drag constant Kd, depending on whether the drag model is in surface mode or ballistic mode, respectively.
		Because the covariance report is intended to communicate Orbit Determination results in generic data interchange format, only the ballistic solar pressure or drag constants are written to or read from the report.
	www.integ.com /OasysManual/sect_5/BallisticDragSolarPressure.htm (488 words)

	Richard Nakka's Experimental Rocketry Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This method is based on the knowledge that motor chamber pressure and burn rate are directly related in terms of Kn, c* and the propellant density.
		Steady-state implies that the motor is operating under the condition of choked nozzle flow whereby any chamber pressure variation is due solely to grain geometry, and excludes the "pressure build-up" or "tail-off" phases of operation.
		Finally, the burn rate coefficient, a, and the pressure exponent, n, may be estimated by performing a curve fit of the burn rate versus chamber pressure plot.
	members.aol.com /nonillion/ptburn.html (1522 words)

	IHS ESDU 73017
		Curves of the speed of sound as a function of pressure and temperature, and dynamic viscosity as a function of temperature, are given.
		Kinetic pressure in an International Standard Atmosphere is shown graphically for Mach numbers to 10 and heights in metres or feet to 32 000 m (105 000 ft).
		Finally, the isentropic compressible flow expression for total pressure coefficient is given and shown as a graph to a Mach number of 10.
	www.esdu.com /graphics/dataitem/73017b.htm (229 words)

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