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Topic: Pressure ulcer

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Ulcer

	Ulcer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An ulcer (from Latin ulcus) is an open sore of the skin, eyes or mucous membrane, often caused by an initial abrasion and generally maintained by an inflammation and/or an infection.
		Ulcers are non-healing wounds that develop on the skin, mucous membranes or eye.
		The ulcer is superficial and presents as an abrasion, blister, or wound with a shallow center.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ulcer (735 words)

	National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Pressure Ulcers are defined as localized areas of tissue necrosis that develop when soft tissue is compressed between a bony prominence and an external surface for a prolonged period of time.
		Because patients may develop pressure ulcers in one health care facility and then be transferred to another facility, the incidence of new pressure ulcers is a more appropriate criterion to use for quality of care assessment.
		Responsibility for pressure ulcer prevention is shared by physicians, nurses, enterostomal therapy nurses, physical and occupational therapist, nutritionists, pharmacists, administrators, patients, and patients' families.
	www.npuap.org /positn1.html (1844 words)

	A Look at the Government's Pressure Ulcer Treatment Guide - Quick Reference Guide for Clinicians - WoundHEAL.com
		Pressure ulcers are a serious problem that affects approximately 9 percent of all hospitalized patients and 23 percent of all nursing home patients.
		Assess the pressure ulcer(s) initially for location, stage, size (length, width, and depth), sinus tracts, undermining, tunneling, exudate, necrotic tissue, and the presence or absence of granulation tissue and epithelialization.
		Clinicians should be alert to the potential complications associated with pressure ulcers, such as amyloidosis, endocarditis, heterotopic bone formation, maggot infestation, meningitis, perineal-urethral fistula, pseudoaneurysm, septic arthritis, sinus tract or abscess, squamous cell carcinoma in the ulcer, and systemic complications of topical treatment (e.g., iodine toxicity and hearing loss after topical neomycin and systemic gentamicin).
	www.woundheal.com /healing/clinicalPrintVersion.htm (6591 words)

	pressure ulcer
		Pressure ulcers are a common and costly problem in acute care, nursing facilities, and home care settings.
		Pressure ulcers are graded according to the degree of tissue damage.
		Pressure ulcers are being used as an indicator of the quality of care in all health care settings.
	www.virginiageriatrics.org /consult/press_ulcer/pressureulcer.html (197 words)

	HerbChina2000.com - Herbal Remedies - Pressure ulcer
		A pressure ulcer is an area of skin and tissue that becomes injured or broken down.
		Generally, pressure ulcers occur when a person is in a sitting or lying position for too long without shifting his or her weight.
		While it is more common for people to get pressure ulcers if they spend most of their time in bed or use a wheelchair, people who can walk can also get pressure ulcers when they are bedridden as a result of an acute illness or injury.
	www.herbchina2000.com /therapies/LPL.shtml (721 words)

	A structured educational model to improve pressure ulcer prevention knowledge in veterans with spinal cord dysfunction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A pressure ulcer prevention knowledge test was administered before surgery and at discharge from the hospital, as well as at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after discharge for the intervention group and at the end of participation for the control group.
		Although many pressure ulcer educational programs are described in the literature [5–8], in general, these educational programs were developed for an in-patient population and rarely were evaluated for their effectiveness in increasing pressure ulcer knowledge or retention of that knowledge following community reintegration.
		Most participants believed that a pressure ulcer is very serious, that they are somewhat likely to get one, that an ulcer would interfere a lot in their daily activities, that ulcers are difficult to treat, and that ulcers are somewhat preventable.
	www.vard.org /jour/02/39/5/garber/output/Garber.html (3206 words)

	New Pressure Ulcer Guideline
		A resident with a pressure ulcer who continues to lose weight either needs more calories or correction, where possible, of conditions that are creating a hypermetabolic state.
		Continuing weight loss and failure of a pressure ulcer to heal despite reasonable efforts to improve caloric intake may indicate that the resident is in a multi-system failure or an end-stage or end-of-life condition warranting additional assessment of the resident’s overall condition.
		It is critical that each resident at risk for hydration deficits or imbalance, including the resident with a pressure ulcer or at risk of developing an ulcer, be identified and that hydration needs are addressed.
	www.medleague.com /Articles/medical_topics/pressure_ulcer_guide.htm (1605 words)

	European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel - Pressure Sore Prevention
		Pressure ulcer prevalence and incidence were assessed in 275 patients, who were either admitted to a well-staffed internal medicine ward during a 12-month period or who were present on day 1 of the study.
		In the study a pressure ulcer was defined as an area of broken skin (stage 2 or higher).
		While not all pressure ulcers can be prevented, data of such studies are useful to obtain insight into what the lowest, and presumably therefore acceptable incidence and prevalence rates may be.
	www.epuap.com /bulletin2_3/page6.html (1100 words)

	Protecting Seniors from Bedsores (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A pressure ulcer is an injury caused by constant pressure to the skin and muscle and/or by shearing forces.
		A pressure ulcer is an injury caused by constant pressure to the skin and muscle.
		Decubitus ulcers are painful, increase the risk of infection, prolong hospitalization and increase mortality.
	www.la4seniors.com /bedsores.htm (2515 words)

	PRESSURE ULCER RISK ASSESSMENT SCALES--THE MISSING LINK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The incidence of pressure ulcers is related directly to the care given by the nursing staff.
		A patient develops a pressure ulcer because, at some point, he or she had inadequate pressure relief.
		Pressure ulcer prevention, to use the old cliche, is a 24-hour-a-day job.
	www.decubitus.org /papers/risk.html (753 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pressure ulcer (bedsore)
		The constant pressure against the skin reduces the blood supply to that area, and the affected tissue dies.
		Stage IV: The pressure ulcer has become so deep that there is damage to the muscle and bone, and sometimes tendons and joints.
		Generally, pressure ulcers are rinsed with a salt-water rinse to remove loose, dead tissue.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/007071.htm (889 words)

	European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel : Pressure Ulcer Prevention Guidelines
		Pressure damage is common in many healthcare settings across Europe, affecting all age groups, and is costly both in terms of human suffering and use of resources.
		Patients at risk of developing pressure ulcers because of the time spent sitting in a chair should be allocated a chair of the correct height in addition to a pressure relieving device.
		Educational programmes for the prevention of pressure damage should be structured, organised and comprehensive, and made available at all levels of health care providers, patients and family or caregivers.
	www.epuap.org /glprevention.html (1084 words)

	NICE Clinical Guidelines: Pressure ulcer risk assessment and prevention - a review
		The clinical guidelines on pressure ulcer prevention are aimed at all healthcare professionals in the UK and, because of its availability on the internet, will be seen to be of significance to other providers throughout the wider healthcare community.
		The treatment of pre-existing pressure ulcers is outside the scope of this guidance and is therefore not covered.
		The use of pressure relieving and redistributing surfaces is at the cornerstone of most pressure ulcer prevention strategies and policies.
	www.worldwidewounds.com /2001/july/Butcher/NICE-pressure-ulcer-review.html (1681 words)

	No Easy Answers to LTC Conundrums: Pressure Ulcer Controversies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Many believe that pressure ulcers are caused by an interaction between an external force (pressure or friction, for example) and inherent characteristics--e.g., heart disease or immobility--that confer risk.
		Pressure ulcers are a common occurrence among debilitated patients.
		One generally agreed-upon principle is that pressure ulcers are most likely to occur in patients with chronic pre-existing conditions (see "Risk Factors for the Development of Pressure Ulcers" and "Risk Factors for the Development of Pressure Ulcers" in Part 2 of this article).
	www.amda.com /caring/may2002/pressure_ulcers.htm (1925 words)

	Grade 2 Pressure Ulcer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Grade 2 pressure ulcers present as partial thickness wounds with damage to the epidermis and / or dermis.
		The treatment priority is the prevention or reduction of the pressure leading or contributing to skin damage.
		Pressure relieving equipment such as bed mattresses and foam and air based cushions are also widely used.
	cms.3m.com /cms/GB/en/2-163/ccRerFR/view.jhtml (187 words)

	Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Treatment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Pressure Ulcer or Bed Sore is a serious medical condition that results in the destruction of skin tissues.
		Many factors involving pressure ulcers includes: bed and/or chair bound with an impaired ability to reposition, incontinence, inadequate dietary intake and impaired nutritional status, altered level of consciousness, and recent hospitalization.
		In the prevention of pressure ulcer and individual should consult a physician for a physical examination and present the healthcare provider with a complete history of illness, particularly comorbid illness that may limit the capacity to heal.
	www.sahp.vcu.edu /gerontology/pressureulcer/index2.html (186 words)

	Treatment of Pressure Ulcers
		Although it is certainly desirable to prevent pressure ulcers, individuals still enter the health care system with ulcers or develop ulcers during periods of increased vulnerability as their physical condition deteriorates.
		It is intended for clinicians who examine and treat persons with pressure ulcers, and the treatment recommendations focus on (1) assessment of the patient and pressure ulcer, (2) tissue load management, (3) ulcer care, (4) management of bacterial colonization and infection, (5) operative repair, and (6) education and quality improvement.
		Ulcer care includes (1) debridement of necrotic tissue and debris, (2) wound cleansing using saline and avoiding antiseptics, and (3) application of dressings that maintain a clean, moist environment while keeping the surrounding skin dry.
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /books/bv.fcgi?rid=hstat2.chapter.5124 (1792 words)

	Pressure Ulcer Glossary of Terms
		When pressure to a bony part lasts for a long period, blood flow is decreased and a pressure ulcer or bed sore can form.
		A chronic wound caused by sustained pressure, usually to a bony prominence.
		A pressure ulcer is usually caused by unrelieved pressure on a bony part of the body and often occurs in people who are in beds, wheelchairs or chairs for long periods of time.
	endoflifecare.tripod.com /imbeddedlinks/id6.html (306 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Pressure ulcer - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Pressure ulcer: Another name for Bedsores (or close medical condition association).
		Pressure ulcer: Pressure ulcer is listed as a type of (or associated with) the following medical conditions in our database: Ulcer Pressure ulcer (medical condition): Skin ulcers from prolonged pressure
		Pressure ulcer (medical condition): Bed sores result from pressure on the skin, typically in patients during hospital recovery or whose mobility is limited in bed (e.g.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/pressure_ulcer.htm (177 words)

	European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel
		The sixth open meeting of the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel will be held in the beautiful and historic city of Budapest, Hungary and will continue to build on the success of the panel's previous annual meetings.
		The theme of this year's meeting is 'Pressure Ulcers - a quality of care indicator?' As at past meetings, this will allow professional health workers an excellent opportunity to improve their knowledge and understanding of the management and prevention of pressure ulcers.
		In addition to the main theme - 'Pressure Ulcers - a quality of care indicator?', updates on risk factors and risk assessments and ulcer stage reassessment will be presented along with new developments in pressure ulcer management.
	www.epuap.com /review4_1/page3.html (652 words)

	Skin Ulcers, Bedsores, Decubitus Ulcer, Leg Ulcer, Pressure Ulcer, Venous Ulcer
		Skin ulcers can be caused by a variety of events, such as trauma, exposure to heat or cold, problems with blood circulation, or irritation from exposure to corrosive material.
		Pressure ulcers, also known as decubitus ulcers or bedsores, are skin ulcers that develop on areas of the body where the blood supply has been reduced because of prolonged pressure; these may occur in people confined to bed or a chair, or in those who must wear a hard brace or plaster cast.
		Oral zinc in the trophic ulcers of leprosy.
	www.truestarhealth.com /Notes/3568007.html (2541 words)

	ulcer on Encyclopedia.com
		Peptic ulcer occurs in the mucous membrane of the intestinal tract.
		An estimated 90% of peptic ulcers are caused by infection with a bacterium, Helicobacter pylori, strains of which promote the formation of ulcers by causing an inflammtory response in the cells of the stomach wall, making it more susceptible to the hydrochloric acid secreted by the stomach.
		Most commonly, it occurs in the stomach (gastric ulcer) or at the beginning of the small intestine (duodenal ulcer, the most common form) and causes abdominal pain, especially between meals.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/u1/ulcer.asp (698 words)

	Decubitus Ulcer
		This guideline on pressure ulcer risk assessment and prevention was published October 2003 by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.
		The Institute's recommendations are derived from a detailed guideline entitled "Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment and Prevention" which was originally commissioned by the Department of Health from the Royal College of Nursing.
		The guideline covers pressure ulcer prevention, looking at pressure ulcer risk assessment and prevention including the use of pressure-relieving devices (beds, mattresses and overlays) for the prevention of pressure ulcers in primary and secondary care.
	omni.ac.uk /browse/mesh/D003668.html (1641 words)

	AHCPR Guidelines
		Stage 1 ulcers may be superficial, or they may be a sign of deeper tissue damage.
		Stage 1 pressure ulcers are not always reliably assessed, especially in patients with darkly pigmented skin.
		The goal of load management is to create an environment that enhances soft tissue viability and promotes healing of the pressure ulcer (s).
	www.medicaledu.com /ahcpr.htm (691 words)

	Bed Sore"Pressure Ulcer" Prevention-Sheepskins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Genuine sheepskin mattress pads are sought by many as a means of relief from or as prevention of bedsores, also known as pressure ulcers or decubitus ulcers.
		Prolonged or continuous pressure over a bony prominence from inactivity or resting on the same areas contribute to this painful condition.
		Localized pressure ulcers can be addressed with smaller easily managed cut and sewn sheepskin protection.
	www.mysheepskin.com /medical.htm (172 words)

	Injury - Pressure ulcer (pressure sore) - Detroit, Michigan
		Once a pressure ulcer is identified, certain basic steps must be taken immediately.
		If the pressure ulcer is at Stage II or worse, your health care provider will give you specific instructions on how to clean and care for open ulcers, as it is very important to do this properly to prevent infection.
		Education of at-risk patients and their families is the most productive way to prevent pressure ulcers.
	www.henryfordhealth.org /15250.cfm (902 words)

	Grade 3 Pressure Ulcer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Grade 3 pressure ulcers develop to full thickness wounds involving necrosis of the epidermis / dermis and extend into the subcutaneous tissues.
		As with all pressure ulcers, the treatment priority is the prevention or reduction of the pressure leading or contributing to skin damage
		In the context of the wound, the necrotic tissue in deeper cavity wounds can be difficult to debride surgically, but is necessary for granulation tissue to form correctly.
	cms.3m.com /cms/GB/en/2-163/ccRelFT/view.jhtml (163 words)

	pressure ulcer: masterbookreports.com- the master of book reports, essays, term papers, research papers
		If you have a history of high blood pressure, you may want to program the monitor to inflate to a higher starting point, otherwise let it naturally inflate to a reading of 160.
		It is important to remember that one blood pressure reading alone does not mean you have high, low or normal pressure.
		Please be sure to visit masterbookreports.com for assistance with any other book reports on "pressure ulcer," or other topics.
	www.masterbookreports.com /term-papers/589914/pressure-ulcer.html (390 words)

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