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Topic: Prevalence

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	Prevalence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In epidemiology, the prevalence of a disease in a statistical population is defined as the ratio of the number of cases of a disease present in a statistical population at a specified time and the number of individuals in the population at that specified time.
		Prevalence is useful because it is a measure of the commonality of disease.
		Lifetime prevalence (LTP) is ratio of the number of individuals in a statistical population that at some point in their life experiences a "case" (e.g., a disorder) and the total number of individuals.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Prevalence (317 words)

	Statistical Research & Applications Branch - Overview of Cancer Prevalence Statistics
		Prevalence is a function of both the incidence of the disease and survival.
		Complete Prevalence represents the proportion of people alive on a certain day who previously had a diagnosis of the disease, regardless of how long ago the diagnosis was, or if the patient is still under treatment or is considered cured.
		Prevalence estimates obtained using the counting method are generally limited-duration prevalence due to the length of registration time.
	srab.cancer.gov /prevalence (314 words)

	AHMF: References for prevalence
		The point prevalences of CFS were thus 0.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0% to 0.6%), 0.4% (95% CI, 0% to 0.8%), and 1.0% (95% CI, 0.4% to 1.6%) using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, British, and Australian case definitions, respectively.
		The prevalence of CFS was estimated in one study, the prevalence of CFS-like illness was estimated in another, and the prevalence of a reported diagnosis of CFS was estimated in the third.
		An estimate of the prevalence in the population is presented, approximating the Centers for Disease Control criteria as well as the prevalence estimates of the fatigue symptom complex that include fatigue, disability, and neuromuscular and neuropsychological symptoms.
	www.ahmf.org /database/prevalence.html (3104 words)

	American Obesity Association - AOA Fact Sheets
		Among female youth, the highest overweight and obesity prevalence is found in fl (non-Hispanic) girls (ages 6 to 11), 37.6 percent and 22.2 percent respectively, and fl (non-Hispanic) adolescent females (ages 12 to 19), 45.5 percent and 26.6 percent respectively.
		Overweight prevalence for Native American children and adolescents (ages 5 to 17) was reported in a 1999 study as 39 percent for males and 38 percent for females in the Aberdeen area Indian Health Service.
		Prevalence of overweight is reported to be significantly higher in children and adolescents with moderate to severe asthma compared to a peer group.
	www.obesity.org /subs/fastfacts/obesity_youth.shtml (1162 words)

	[No title]
		Prevalence and Incidence of Rape, Physical Assault, and Stalking This chapter examines the prevalence and incidence of rape, physical assault, and stalking among women and men in the United States.
		Prevalence refers to the number of persons within a demographic group (e.g., female or male) who are victimized during a specific time period, such as a person's lifetime or the previous 12 months.
		Prevalence and Incidence of Intimate Partner Violence The NVAW Survey found that women were significantly more likely than men to report being victimized by an intimate partner, whether the time period covered was the individual's lifetime or the previous 12 months and whether the type of victimization considered was rape, physical assault, or stalking.
	www.ncjrs.org /txtfiles1/nij/183781.txt (15926 words)

	Prevalence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The lifetime prevalence rate of problem and probable pathological gambling in Georgia was 4.4 percent, while the "current" prevalence rate of problem and probable pathological gambling was 2.3 percent of the adult population.
		The prevalence rates of pathological gamblers range from 0.8 percent to 1.7 percent in Canadian studies, which are similar to prevalence rates of pathological gamblers in the United States.
		The authors' criticisms are: 1) prevalence studies should measure the "current" rate rather than "lifetime" experience, thus asking questions that begin with "have you ever" may inflate actual "current" prevalence rates; and 2) the accuracy of the South Oaks Gambling Screen in determining a pathological gambler.
	www.gamblingproblem.net /Prevalence.htm (1980 words)

	Publications: Surveillance \| CDC Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
		Prevalence and incidence of chronic fatigue syndrome in Wichita, Kansas.
		Population-based epidemiologic data on CFS prevalence and incidence are critical to put CFS in a realistic context for public health officials and others responsible for allocating resources and for practicing physicians when examining and caring for patients.
		The purpose of this cross-sectional telephone survey was to describe the prevalence and demographic distribution of conditions associated with chronic fatigue in residents of San Francisco, California.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/diseases/cfs/publications/surveillance.htm (2583 words)

	OBJECT PREVALENCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In the prevalent design, every transaction is represented as a serializable object which is atomically written to the queue (a simple log file) and processed by the system.
		A prevalent server running on a regular desktop machine can handle a command/transaction for this in less than a millisecond and be ready for the next command.
		The prevalence hypothesis, though, is that you have enough RAM for all your data so, even when the garbage collector kicks in, your system shouldn't have to page to disk.
	www.advogato.org /article/398.html (6965 words)

	Encyclopedia: Prevalence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A disease is any abnormal condition of the body or mind that causes discomfort, dysfunction, or distress to the person affected or those in contact with the person.
		Prevalence is a statistic of primary interest in public health because it identifies the level of burden of disease or health-related events on the population and health care system.
		Prevalence represents new and pre-existing cases alive on a certain date, in contrast to incidence which reflects new cases of a condition diagnosed during a given period of time.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Prevalence (824 words)

	Prevalence of Fragile X Syndrome
		Based on the recent CDC report, which is itself a review of existing prevalence studies, the National Fragile X Foundation will henceforth publish a prevalence for males, with the full mutation, of 1:3600.
		Prevalence in females is less well understood and certain because of a lack of studies.
		Whatever the prevalence of fragile X, it remains the most common known cause of inherited mental impairment.
	www.fragilex.org /html/prevalence.htm (394 words)

	Tobacco Control Factsheets - Conducting a smoking prevalence survey
		The main aim of a smoking prevalence survey is to characterize the current smoking behaviour of a given population, and of sub-populations of interest.
		A prevalence measure gives a picture of smoking among the population at a given time, and is often likened to a photographic snapshot.
		Prevalence and patterns of use among specific populations may be of particular interest.
	factsheets.globalink.org /en/prevalence.shtml (1746 words)

	Prevalence bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The lifetime prevalence rate for problem and pathological gamblers was 6 percent, while the current rate was 4.5 percent.
		The prevalence study indicates that 1.3 percent of Manitoba adults are possible pathological gamblers.
		This report is an assessment of gambling prevalence in 1994 and the changes that occurred between 1990 and 1994.
	www.naspl.org /biblio10.html (3877 words)

	Diabetes Care: Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for th... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Age- and sex-specific estimates for diabetes prevalence were extrapolated to other countries using a combination of criteria including geographical proximity, ethnic, and socioeconomic similarities applied by the authors with the advice of the WHO regional officer and other experts.
		For most developing countries, the prevalence of diabetes in rural areas was assumed to be one-half that of urban areas, based on the ratio observed in a number of population studies and as used in previous estimates (1).
		In the light of the observed increase in prevalence of obesity in many countries of the world and the importance of obesity as a risk factor for diabetes, the number of cases of diabetes in 2030 may be considerably higher than stated here.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:116666603&refid=holomed_1 (4005 words)

	American Obesity Association - AOA Fact Sheets
		The prevalence of obesity is higher for women (34 percent) than men (27.7 percent) as is severe obesity; women (6.3 percent) and men (3.1 percent).
		The increase in overweight, obesity and severe obesity prevalence is evident in adults (aged 20 to 74) of both genders over the last decade, as shown in Table 4.
		Obesity prevalence has increased across all education levels, and is higher for persons with less education as shown in Table 5.
	www.obesity.org /subs/fastfacts/obesity_US.shtml (672 words)

	MJA: Hill et al., Smoking behaviours of Australian adults in 1995: trends and concerns
		We used chi-squared tests of association to examine differences in the prevalence of smoking between groups, and logistic regression analyses to explore whether associations between smoking prevalence, educational level, occupation and, for women, country of birth were independent of associations between age and smoking.
		Smoking prevalence: In 1995, the estimated prevalence of smoking among Australian men aged 16 years and over was 27.1% (95% CI, 25.6%-28.7%), while among women the prevalence was estimated to be 23.2% (95% CI, 21.7%-24.7%); this difference was significant (3.9%; 95% CI, 1.6%-6.2%).
		However, while the prevalence of 19.8% among Asian-born men was not significantly different from that found for groups born elsewhere, the prevalence of smoking among Asian-born women was significantly lower than the prevalence of smoking among women born in Australia (chi-squared=7.2, df=1, P<0.01) or the United Kingdom (chi-squared=6.6, df=1, P<0.01).
	www.mja.com.au /public/issues/mar2/hill/hill.html (3119 words)

	Acne Prevalence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This can be observed; note the prevalence of many genetic defects such as myopia, acne, and male pattern baldness as well as the progressively earlier average onset of puberty and dentition, not to...
		prevalence of psoriasis in the United States is approximately 2.8 million, with between 150,000 and 260,000 new cases diagnosed each year, according to the National Psoriasis Foundation.
		Prevalence rates were similar overall to those in the initial study.
	www.acnephd.com /acne/acneprevalence (831 words)

	Estimating the Prevalence of Transsexualism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This incrementally-determined value of recent SRS prevalence strongly supports a value of intrinsic TS prevalence of 1:500, and suggests that it is perhaps as high as 1:250.
		The approximate prevalence of muscular dystrophy is 1:5000, multiple sclerosis (MS) is 1:1000, cleft lip/palate is 1:1000, cerebral palsy is 1:500, blindness is 1:350, deafness is 1:250, self-reported epilepsy is 1:200, schizophrenia is about 1:100, and rheumatoid arthritis is about 1:100.
		In this report we found that the prevalence of SRS in the U.S. is at least on the order of 1:2500, and may be as much as twice that value.
	ai.eecs.umich.edu /people/conway/TS/TSprevalence.html (7198 words)

	Summary Report for the ATSDR Soil-Pica Workshop June 2000, Atlanta, Georgia
		When addressing the topic of prevalence of soil-pica behavior, two panelists briefly presented their research and all of the panelists answered the five charge questions pertaining to this topic.
		One panelist did not think the prevalence of soil-pica behavior among the Jamaican children should be viewed as representative of that among children in the United States, given the small size of the study and the living conditions of the children considered (BL).
		Overall, the panelists thought their comments confirm that soil-pica exists, but they refrained from providing quantitative estimates of the prevalence of soil-pica behavior, largely because the available studies are limited in duration and not based on a population that represents all groups of children.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /child/soilpica.html (12656 words)

	Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Exposure Measurements and Prevalence
		Exposure prevalences, estimated using data presented in the report, were: 39% for adults (18 years and older), 48% for adolescents (13-17 years), 45% for children (6-12 years), and 54% for infants and preschoolers (5 years of age and under).
		The prevalence of a detectable level of cotinine was about 35% for those living in a nonsmoking household and increased with the number of cigarettes smoked by household members.
		Despite the decreasing prevalence of ETS exposure of California nonsmokers due to increasing restrictions on smoking in the workplace and public locations, exposure of young Californians, especially infants and young children, is of continuing public health concern.
	www.druglibrary.org /schaffer/tobacco/caets/2EXPOSUR.html (18806 words)

	An introduction to object prevalence
		Object prevalence is a concept that was developed by Klaus Wuestefeld and some colleagues at Objective Solutions.
		Object prevalence is inherently and conceptually simple and can be implemented in any object-oriented programming language that can serialize an object -- a feature in many modern OO languages.
		Object prevalence is a very useful concept, which can be used for many kinds of systems.
	www-128.ibm.com /developerworks/web/library/wa-objprev (1794 words)

	Sexual Abuse of Males: Prevalence, Possible Lasting Effects, and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Different prevalence rates have been found in samples of: college students; clinical populations or people receiving psychological treatment; and community populations or whoever lives in some area (e.g., a city, state, or country).
		In one of the studies (1987) the former method was employed, and it produced a rate of 2.8% with a sample of 357; in the other study (1989) the latter method yielded a prevalence rate of 11% with a sample of 777.
		The highest community-sample prevalence rate of 16% was found in a random telephone survey of 2,626 men, known as the "L.A. Times survey" (Finkelhor, 1990).
	www.jimhopper.com /male-ab (9666 words)

	CDC Releases Data on Smoking Prevalence, Attitudes
		To characterize state-specific prevalence of cigarette smoking among adults, exposure to secondhand smoke at home, smoke-free workplace policies, and attitudes toward smoke-free policies by state, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) analyzed data from the 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).
		In the BRFSS study, the 12 areas with the highest prevalence of current smoking (Kentucky, Nevada, Missouri, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, New Hampshire, Alabama, Arkansas, and Alaska) differed significantly from the 12 areas with lower prevalence (Utah, Puerto Rico, California, Arizona, Montana, Hawaii, Minnesota, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Colorado, Maryland, and Washington).
		The median smoking prevalence among men was 24.4% and among women was 21.2%.
	healthlink.mcw.edu /article/1014756220.html (760 words)

	Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among American Youth: Incidence and Prevalence Estimates, 2000
		Accurately monitoring the incidence and prevalence of STDs among the population, and particularly among young people, is important in measuring the effects of disease control and prevention efforts.
		Assuming that the prevalence of HSV-2 infection remained stable between the early 1990s and 2000, at 45 million, we estimate that 4.2 million persons aged 15-24 (11% of the population aged 15-24) have been infected.
		It is important to note that although our estimates of incidence and prevalence of genital herpes among youth are derived from level I data on HSV-2, we classify them as level II because of the assumptions we made.
	www.agi-usa.org /pubs/journals/3600604.html (3486 words)

	Prevalence and Incidence of Bipolar disorder - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Prevalence and Incidence of Bipolar disorder - WrongDiagnosis.com
		About prevalence and incidence statistics: The term 'prevalence' of Bipolar disorder usually refers to the estimated population of people who are managing Bipolar disorder at any given time.
		Prevalance of Bipolar disorder: It affects approximately 2.3 million adult Americans—about 1.2 percent of the population.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /b/bipolar/prevalence.htm (575 words)

	TS Prevalence in the UK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lynn's and Donna's data and calculations suggest that the prevalence of transsexualism is at least 30 to 100 times as large as the "1 in 30,000" value most commonly proffered by the psychiatric establishment.
		The prevalence of surgery is not the prevalence of transsexualism in the general population.
		Or to put it another way, I believe that the prevalence of transsexualism in the general population is (at least!) 4 times higher as the prevalence of those who are known to have had GRS.
	ai.eecs.umich.edu /people/conway/TS/UK-TSprevalence.html (1519 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Sarcocystis cuniculi (Synonyms: Sarcocystis leporum) a) Prevalence: Rare b) Location: Cardiac and skeletal muscle c) Morphology: Cysts in muscle are up to 5 mm long and are limited by a wall containing radial spines called cytophaneres.
		Chilomastix cuniculi a) Prevalence: Common b) Location: Cecum c) Morphology: Trophozoite is pyriform, has 3 anterior flagellae, anterior nucleus and a large cytostomal groove near the anterior end.
		Entamoeba cuniculi (Synonyms: Entamoeba coli, forma cuniculi, Entamoeba muris) a) Prevalence:
	netvet.wustl.edu /species/rabbits/rabparas.txt (3410 words)

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