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Topic: Price wars

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	Complex price wars
		Thus, during the 010 price war, one broker is always being undercut by another, resulting in zero profit for that broker, while during the 101 price war two brokers are always being undercut by the lowest-priced one.
		During the 010 price war, a single broker is left to offer both categories 1 and 3, which is unsatisfactory to consumers who are highly interested only in one of the two categories.
		On the whole, the price wars tend not to be quite as devastating as they are in societies consisting entirely of myoptimals, because they often involve brokers that are only partially in competition with one another, so a broker that is being undercut in price may still retain some customers.
	www.research.ibm.com /iac/reports-technical/pricewar-dyn/node4.html (2041 words)

	Price wars
		A successful price war was the one Philip Morris began on Marlboro Friday, 2nd April 1993.
		The price war largely destroyed the cheap brands, and American Tobacco quit the market altogether, selling the remains of their operations to BAT (a committed segment manufacturer).
		The price war continued through the winter, with both companies filling their coaches but draining their revenues.
	www.johnkay.com /industries/21 (1028 words)

	GAPP and book price wars (Site not responding. Last check: )
		For the last month and a half, Disanji has been locked in a price war with nearby Zhongguancun Book Building, and according to Tan Wen, vice-director of the circulation department at GAPP, price wars are detrimental to publishing and distribution.
		This particular price war is particularly threatening since several hundred small booksellers occupy nearby Haidian Book City, and the area around Peking and Tsinghua Universities is also home to several other major independent shops, all of which have been caught in the crossfire.
		Consumers were generally delighted by the price war, since they have long considered book prices far too high; recent GAPP figures show an average annual price increase of 20% since the 1980s; average prices in 2005 were 30-50% higher than the year before.
	www.danwei.org /books/gapp_and_book_price_wars.php (1730 words)

	Marketing Case Study - Supermarket Petrol Price Wars (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In June 2002, Safeway used a predatory pricing strategy for the sale of petrol from its supermarket garages in an attempt to increase its share of the UK grocery market.
		The maximum 20p price reduction brought the price of a litre of petrol at Safeway down to 53p.
		Price wars, of varying intensity, are fought in every market.
	www.tutor2u.net /business/marketing/casestudy_petrol_pricewars.asp (1011 words)

	Filmtracks: Star Wars: A New Hope (John Williams)
		With Star Wars, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and Superman revealed to audiences within a year's time, Williams cemented thematic orchestral works as the must-have for studios of Hollywood's Bronze Age (largely consisting of the 1980's in the last years of the pre-digital era).
		This is not to say, however, that bold statements of theme in Star Wars aren't worthy of their place in history; the "Throne Room" cue alone, with its ultra-heroic brass of truly epic proportions, is a piece that remains awe-inspiring decades later, especially when heard in live concert quality.
		In this case, the 33 minutes from Star Wars was recorded in December of 1977 and was released on LP record at that time.
	www.filmtracks.com /titles/star_wars.html (2505 words)

	Complex Price Wars (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In summary, after a short initial transient, the system alternates between two price wars: a short-lived one between two brokers vying for the 010 configuration, and a longer-lived one in which all three brokers vie for the 101 configuration.
		A broker participating in the 010 price war receives its expected profit when it undercuts its competitor, and zero when it is being undercut.
		During the long 101 price war, a broker will be undercut two thirds of the time, and will thus receive just one third of what it expects.
	researchweb.watson.ibm.com /infoecon/paps/html/alife6/node4.html (1931 words)

	Price wars fierce at the pump
		As of Friday, the average retail price for a gallon of unleaded was $1.26 in Cincinnati, and $1.33 in Northern Kentucky.
		He says prices in his area are generally higher than the Tristate average because of the increased cost of reformulated gas.
		Pricing strategy is the same for the major chains, even if performed on a bigger scale.
	www.enquirer.com /editions/2001/07/29/loc_price_wars_fierce_at.html (1984 words)

	Realbeer.com: Beer News: Beer price wars
		Nov 27, 2006 - Supermarket price wars have driven the price of beer in UK to as low at 11p per 100ml (about 60 cents American for a 12-ounce container), about the same as bottled water.
		The price wars further hurt pubs already struggling because of a smoking ban.
		The supermarket price of Stella Artois is comparable to 63p for a pint, less than a quarter of what it sells for in a pub.
	www.realbeer.com /news/articles/news-003042.php (303 words)

	Handheld makers duke it out on price \| CNET News.com
		A price war has erupted between PDA market leaders Palm and Handspring, but analysts expect the companies to slow it down before things get out of hand.
		The current price war in the handheld computer market between heavyweights Palm and Handspring may have consumers on the fence, but analysts don't expect prices to go much lower.
		Palm and Handspring have been matching each other price cut for price cut, but the companies aren't likely to keep trimming prices at the expense of their bottom line.
	news.com.com /2100-1040-258153.html (854 words)

	How and Why Chinese Firms Excel in 'The Art of Price War' - Knowledge@Wharton
		The outbreak of a price war is thought to have disastrous consequences for companies and is viewed as the failure of managerial rationality.
		Two important factors in understanding price war distinctions are first, the state of each area's market and second, the price sensitivity of consumers in each area.
		Understanding the price war mentality is important not only for Western companies who compete with Chinese companies and products on their own turf, but for companies who do business in China.
	knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu /article.cfm?articleid=1625&CFID=1555505&CFTOKEN=27058574 (2733 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Technology -- Ringtones left out of digital music price wars
		LONDON – A recent price war has made Internet song downloads cheaper while the price tag on a mobile phone ringtone has barely budged, and in some cases, is creeping up, a new report on Tuesday said.
		The price discrepancy between downloads and ringtones – those ubiquitous tuneful greetings programmed into millions of handsets – can be laid squarely at the feet of record companies, according to London-based consultancy Informa Plc.
		As a result, prices for "sample" ringtones across Western Europe are on the rise, ranging from the equivalent of $1.38 from Web-based reseller F1-Live in Belgium to $7.35 from T-Mobile in Britain, Informa said.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/computing/20040525-0806-media-music-ringtones.html (480 words)

	Airlines, Price Wars, and Branding
		Now to really win that war and decrease losses you would have to become more efficient in reservations, cut staff, more efficient in facilities, feeder airlines, scheduling, fuel consumption and in other services related to airline travel you were involved with.
		Price can drive the market and the winner in the most free of Friedman models would be that company which can innovate and adapt and US MARINE their way to the next level, like is such in the new digital economy.
		PRICE WAR is the weapon of choice, it is the same as picking up the pace in a Marathon.
	www.worldthinktank.net /art132.shtml (1929 words)

	Digg - Where are the broadband price wars?
		A price fixing investigation likely won't find any wrong doing here because the problem isn't price fixing, it's that there are huge economies of scale in the market that make having more than maybe 3 competitors unprofitable.
		Cost inflation will be the spoiler in any price war, and companies are not investing billions to lose hundreds of millions in a price war.
		The prices wars are at the same place that "lower cable" prices were in the 80s.
	digg.com /tech_news/Where_are_the_broadband_price_wars (3880 words)

	Seagate Confirms Dual-Brand Strategy, Sees Price Wars -- Storage -- InformationWeek
		The dual-branding comes as the hard drive industry faces a continuing price war stemming from moves by several drive vendors to grab part of Maxtor's market share since Seagate originally unveiled a plan to acquire Maxtor in December.
		Jourlait said he is not surprised to see a price war, but he is worried about its repercussions for the industry.
		Price wars make absolutely no sense for the industry, channel partners, and ultimately, for consumers, Jourlait said.
	www.informationweek.com /hardware/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=193101468 (892 words)

	Britain's supermarket price wars
		That increased value is now being placed on branded foods is part of a fundamental shift in the food industry away from cheap priced foods and onto better quality goods, with the result that we are seeing the end of the price wars.
		The prices of these products were driven down to silly levels as each grocer fought tooth and nail to offer the very lowest price in the market – whatever the detrimental effect on their profits.
		They are contending with a myriad of price increases: over the past three years the market price of potatoes has risen 29%; onions by 27%; eggs by 13%; cattle by 5%; and cereals by 4%.
	www.dailyreckoning.co.uk /article/19122006.html (2073 words)

	CNN.com - Chip wars prompt price cuts - August 29, 2001
		The prices of the 1.13GHz and 1.1GHz processors are reduced from $179, while both versions of AMD's 1GHz processor were reduced from $160, according the company.
		Intel slashed the price of its 1.5GHz Pentium 4 by 48 percent to $133.
		Matching the prices of the slowest processors in a family is a standard practice in the industry to kill off the slower speeds.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/TECH/ptech/08/29/chip.wars.idg (580 words)

	Intel Earnings Slump but Price Wars Abate - Technology - RedOrbit
		Still, the blooding pricing battle between Intel and AMD that has handicapped both companies' bottom lines during the past 18 months was easing up, according to Intel.
		The company had seen "some level of [price] firming based on new products," confirmed Intel CFO Andy Bryant, who also was on the call.
		While pricing in the second quarter was worse than in the third, Bryant said, pricing in the third quarter would likely be worse than the fourth.
	www.redorbit.com /news/technology/696934/intel_earnings_slump_but_price_wars_abate/?source=r_technology (876 words)

	Price wars come at a cost \| News \| Guardian Unlimited Books
		So a two-tier system is created, where independents charge more for many titles - they cannot compete with the aggressive price wars engaged in by the giants, and risk going to the wall.
		While the savings look good for the consumer, the benefits of these price wars may be short-term at best, according to Jonathan Spencer-Payne, who runs the Peak Bookshop.
		Pricing down has become so addictive to a lot of retailers that the RRP has become a peculiar thing; if titles are not discounted they start to look like a rip-off."
	books.guardian.co.uk /comment/story/0,,1977899,00.html?gusrc=rss&feed=10 (680 words)

	Price a key weapon in next-gen console war - Console Wars - MSNBC.com
		During the show, Sony Corp. announced it was cutting the Japan price of the low-end PlayStation 3 model by 20 percent to 47,600 yen, or about $410 — the first time the Japanese electronics and entertainment company has slashed a console price before its release.
		Among the problems are the high price and attractive games in the pipeline for Microsoft Corp.'s rival console, the Xbox 360.
		The price cut in Japan puts the PlayStation 3 in the same range as the combined basic Xbox 360 and an external high-definition DVD player, which Microsoft recently announced it's introducing, matching the PS3's built-in ability to play the high-definition disc format backed by Sony, the Blu-ray.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/15031167 (902 words)

	Overcapacity Puffs out Price Wars
		China's mobile phone market, after years of break-neck growth, could be hit by a production overcapacity and a slew of price wars this year.
		Price wars would further erode the market share held by Motorola and Nokia, analysts said.
		Price wars would no doubt alter the landscape of China's mobile phone market, industry observers said.
	www.china.org.cn /english/BAT/54206.htm (934 words)

	RSI pushes performance amid RFID price wars - Computer Business Review
		As price wars rage in the US RFID hardware industry, one major vendor is veering from the pack.
		It must be noted that tag pricing in the US has caused confusion among mainstream media, which often mistakenly cites the price of an RFID inlay just one component of a finished tag as the full tag cost.
		Inlays, which consist of an antenna and silicon chip, must be converted into a tag, a process that at least doubles the final price of a tag.
	www.cbronline.com /article_news.asp?guid=6083CEAE-2E8F-4701-A31B-3E31BA6B6D79 (0 words)

	Patents vs. patients: AIDS, TNCs and drug price wars
		The AIDS drugs price war which the campaign triggered off has also served to highlight the benefits that accrue from generic competition.
		Since the prices of drugs are lower in several countries, parallel imports can help in lowering the prices of drugs.
		Thanks to competitive pricing by Cipla and Hetero, the international drug industry is going to witness fierce price wars and massive restructuring in the coming days.
	www.twnside.org.sg /title/twr131c.htm (3687 words)

	Price wars lead to car defects
		Price wars have taken a toll on the quality of domestically-made cars with defects reported in 77 per cent during the first six months of use, according to the latest market survey.
		Experts say price cuts which have averaged about 10,000 yuan (US$1,250) annually in the past few years have forced producers to purchase lower-grade parts in an effort to lower costs.
		Geely, whose cars are mainly priced from 30,000 yuan (US$3,750) to 50,000 yuan each, had the least customer satisfaction.
	www.chinadaily.com.cn /china/2006-11/20/content_737084.htm (501 words)

	PC World - Price Wars Intensify as Intel Slashes Chip Prices
		Intel slashed prices on some desktop PC microprocessors by more than half today, raising the stakes against rival Advanced Micro Devices, which drastically cut prices on some of its chips earlier this week.
		It cut the price of its dual-core Athlon 64 X2 5000+ to $301 from $696 in May. It also cut the price of the Athlon 64 X2 4600+ by 57 percent to $240 from $558.
		Price competition is the latest weapon the two companies have turned to in their fight for microprocessor market share.
	www.pcworld.com /article/126589-1/article.html (771 words)

	Gizmodo, the Gadget Guide
		So Sony will most likely cut the price of the PS2 it seems from $150 to $130 to attract more buyers who can't afford the high-end 360 or PS3.
		A huge war between these two companies is heating up and it's all about the gamers and price points.
		Latest by wearedoomed: Sony\'s marketing \"strategists\" are really dropping the ball on pricing right now; I cannot imagine why their marketing department is not getting their asses kicked by senior management right about now.
	www.gizmodo.com /gadgets/price-wars (188 words)

	Hit by TV price wars, Tweeter regroups - Boston.com
		BOSTON --Tweeter Home Entertainment Group Inc. is trying to ease out of the line of fire in a flat-panel television price war that erupted over the holidays and is extending through Super Bowl Sunday.
		The price wars over the holidays have extended into the new year, with retailers promoting sales around the biggest of TV events, the Super Bowl.
		To offset the dropping prices, Tweeter is expanding its business installing home entertainment systems for high-end buyers seeking the latest in video and audio gear.
	www.boston.com /business/technology/articles/2007/02/01/hit_by_tv_price_wars_tweeter_regroups (965 words)

	Filmtracks: Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith (John Williams)
		Innumerous beheadings, impalings, and unsightly dismemberment are aplenty in this conclusion to the prequel trilogy, marking the rise of the Galactic Empire and the fall of the Jedi.
		By the end of Revenge of the Sith, the table is set for the 1977 Star Wars original, with the last scenes of the film previewing everything from the moisture farm on Tatooine to the construction of the first Death Star.
		Off the bat, as mentioned before, the Star Wars theme itself is curiously restrained in the prequel trilogy outside of the customary performances, appearing only once in underscore form during the last minute of the finale here.
	www.filmtracks.com /titles/revenge_sith.html (4262 words)

	Price Wars? - 7/1/2006 - Wireless Week - CA6346998 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Whether the wireless industry is poised for price wars, handily heading them off or constantly engaged in them is all a matter of perspective.
		In an industry where price is the name of the game, the game is becoming increasingly complex and crowded with choices.
		Today, the average effective price per minute, or the average revenue per unit (ARPU) that a carrier receives divided by the average minutes of use is 6.6 cents.
	www.wirelessweek.com /article/CA6346998.html?spacedesc=Features (1226 words)

	Wal-Mart may spur price wars – MSN Money (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The world's largest retailer, whose sales were dragged down by a failed women's fashion strategy that went too trendy and by disruptions from a store remodeling program, said it will be using price as a weapon in such areas as toys and electronics to drive holiday sales.
		The decline in gas prices that began in late summer has helped ease the financial pain consumers have felt.
		Wal-Mart, which should have benefited from falling gasoline prices, reported a meager 0.5% gain in October same-store sales; it was hurt by its namesake division, which eked out a 0.3% gain.
	articles.moneycentral.msn.com /News/WalMartMaySpurPriceWars.aspx (974 words)

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