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	Wikipedia: Alexander John Cuza
		Cuza was a prominent speaker in the debates and strongly advocated the union of the two Danubian principalities, Moldavia and Walachia.
		In default of a foreign prince, he was himself elected prince of Moldavia (Moldova) on January 5, 1859 (January 17, Gregorian) and of Wallachia (Ţara Românească) on January 24, 1859 (February 5, Gregorian).
		Cuza was not a diplomatic politician, let alone a prince, but he knew how to choose progressive ministers and had an intelligent ear for advice.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/a/al/alexander_john_cuza.html (959 words)

	Contemporary Period: Internal Development
		Prince Carol, not being sufficiently well acquainted with the conditions of the country nor possessing as yet much influence with the governing class, had not been in a position to influence at their inception the provisions of the extremely liberal constitution passed only a few weeks after his accession to the throne.
		Cuza having made no provision for the clergy when he converted the wealth of the monasteries to the state, they were left for thirty years in complete destitution, and remained as a consequence outside the general intellectual development of the country.
		Cuza not being in agreement with either party, they united to depose him, keeping truce during the period preceding the accession of Prince Carol, when grave external dangers wore threatening, and presiding in a coalition ministry at the introduction of the new constitution of 1866.
	www.globusz.com /ebooks/Balkans/00000039.htm (2573 words)

	Sturdza - LoveToKnow Watches (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Its members belong to two main divisions, which trace their descent respectively from John (Ioan) or from Alexander (Sandu), the sons of Kirak Sturdza, who lived in the 17th century, and may be regarded as the founder of the family.
		Michael Sturdza also attempted the secularization of monastic establishments, which was carried out by Prince Cuza in 1864, and the utilization of their endowments for national purposes.
		Immediately after the Greek revolution, Prince John Sturdza took an active part in subduing the roving bands of Greek Hetairists in Moldavia; he transformed the Greek elementary schools into Rumanian schools and laid the foundation for that scientific national development which Prince Michael Sturdza continued after 1834.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Sturdza (710 words)

	King of Romania - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The state had been called the Principality of Romania since 1862, after the Ottoman vasal states of Wallachia and Moldavia had been united in 1859 under Alexander John Cuza as Prince of Romania, or Domnitor.
		Cuza had become the prince of the separate principalities in 1859.
		He was deposed in 1866 by the Romanian parliament which then invited a German prince of the Hohenzollern family, Carol (Charles) of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, to become the new Prince of Romania.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Prince_of_Romania (388 words)

	Alexander John Cuza (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Cuza belonged to the traditional noble (boier) class, the Orthodox Christian Romanian upper class that had come into control of the local governments of Wallachia and Moldavia, and retained traditional control of the country's land, the key to pre-industrial wealth.
		In default of a foreign prince, he was himself elected prince of Moldavia (Moldova) on January 17, 1859 (January 5, Julian) and of Wallachia (Ţara Românească) on February 5, 1859 (January 24, Julian).
		Cuza was not a diplomatic politician, and lacked the traditional royal background, but he knew how to choose progressive ministers and had an intelligent ear for advice.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Alexander_John_Cuza.htm (971 words)

	[No title]
		George became prince of Moldavia in 1658 and prince of Walachia in 1659–166o.
		Prince Demetrius Ghica, who died as president of the Rumanian senate in 1897, was the son of the Walachian prince Gregory.
		She continued her education in Germany and married a Russian prince, Koltsov Mazalskiy, in 1849, but the marriage was an unhappy one, and in 18J5 she left St Petersburg for Florence, where she died in 1888.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /correction/edit?locale=en&content_id=28163 (705 words)

	CHAPTER IV
		The solution of a foreign prince on the throne of the unified Principalities was in the spirit of an older tradition in the projects of reform: ever since the end of the 18th century, the native boyars requested the emancipation of the Great Powers, accompanied by the election of a ruler of a Western house.
		The reasons were obvious: a foreign prince was considered a guarantee of internal equilibrium, due to the fact that he did not belong to any of the boyar factions, and as a modality to safeguard the national prestige.
		Prince Cuza’s authoritarian Bonapartism became the catalyst of an alliance between the liberals and the conservatives.
	www.crvp.org /book/Series04/IVA-22/chapter_iv.htm (8236 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Cuza,
		Cuza, Alexander John CUZA, ALEXANDER JOHN [Cuza, Alexander John], or Alexander John I, 1820-73, first prince of Romania (1859-66), b.
		Carol I CAROL I [Carol I] 1839-1914, prince (1866-81) and first king (1881-1914) of Romania, of the house of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen.
		The Transylvanian Alps separate it in the NW from Transylvania and the Banat; the Danube separates it from Serbia in the west, Bulgaria in the south, and N Dobruja in the east; in the northeast it adjoins
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Cuza, (558 words)

	National revival in Romania, 1848-1866 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Princes would be elected by the boyars for set terms of seven years, increasing their autonomy.
		Cuza generally is not regarded as a brilliant politician, but he was smart enough to find bright advisors and ministers drawn from the Liberal movement.
		Cuza was replaced by Prince Charles of Hohenzollern, a 27-year old cousin of the King of Prussia.
	www.lib.msu.edu /sowards/balkan/lect08.htm (4308 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Rumania
		In 1861 Cuza established, instead of the separate ministries, a common ministry and a common representative assembly, and in 1862 the union of the principalities, henceforth known as Rumania, was proclaimed.
		After Count Philip of Flanders, brother of King Leopold of Belgium, had refused the sovereignty, the Catholic prince, Charles of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, was elected hereditary prince at the instance of Napoleon III on 14 April, 1866.
		To the senate belong the adult princes of the royal house, the eight bishops of the Orthodox Church, one representative of each of the two national universities, and 110 members elected by two electoral colleges; the house of representatives consists of 183 members elected by adult Rumanians paying taxes organized into 3 electoral colleges.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13224b.htm (4349 words)

	[ information-center.be \| Carol_I_of_Romania Resources ] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Carol was born in Sigmaringen as Prince Karl von Hohenzollern Sigmaringen.
		Romania was, at the time, under the influence of French culture and Napoleon's recommendation of Prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen weighed heavy in the eyes of Romanian politicians of the time, as did his blood relation to the ruling Prussian family.
		When he was elected prince of Romania, Carol was not married and, according to the Romanian Constitution he himself had approved, he was not allowed to marry a woman of Romanian origin.
	information-center.be /Carol_I_of_Romania.html (1407 words)

	Chronology
		Based on the treaty ad-hoc assemblies of the Romanian Principalities of Moldova and Wallachia were convened and approved a plan to unify the two principalities under the rule of a foreign prince.
		She was the daughter of the Duke of Edinburgh and the granddaughter of Queen Victoria of Great Britain.
		Prince Michael became King for the first time, under the guidance of the regency of Patriarch Miron Cristea, Prince Nicholas, Carol’s younger brother, and George Buzdugan.
	home.att.net /~cdsabau/Mihai/english/cronologieen.html (2686 words)

	boys clothing: European royalty--Romania
		Prince Cuza attempted to introduce measures designed to modernize Romania on the basis of the Western European model.
		Cuza's reforms were not supported by the powerful local nobility (boieri) who forced him to abdicate (1866).
		The nobels were forced the abdication of Prince Cuza were unable to agree among themselves on a replacement for Prince Cuza, they looked to established European Royal families.
	histclo.com /royal/rom/royal-rom.htm (4050 words)

	Walachia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The alliance (1711) of Prince Constantine Brancovan with Peter I of Russia and his subsequent downfall resulted in a tightening of Turkish control.
		Instead of native princes, governors (hospodars), mostly Greek Phanariots (see under Phanar), were appointed.
		With the accession (1859) of Alexander John Cuza as prince of both Moldavia and Walachia, the history of modern Romania began.
	www.bonus.com /contour/bartlettqu/http@@/www.bartleby.com/65/wa/Walachia.html (744 words)

	The Constitution in Romania
		The Cuza's Statute sanctioned the legislative independence acquired by the United Principalities still in 1862, pursuant to the visit of Alexandru Ioan Cuza in Constantinopol.
		The Cuza's Statute prescribed also rules referring to the setting up, organization and operation of the balancing and elective assemblies, where the laws were drafted, rules referring to the Government and the civil servants' obligation to take the faith oath.
		The executive power was assigned to the prince, the Constitution establishing the rules of the hereditary monarchy.
	www.cecl.gr /RigasNetwork/databank/REPORTS/r3/Ro_3_Muraru.html (3623 words)

	[No title]
		Under his- rule the internal development of Moldavia made immense progress; roads were built, industry developed, and Michael is still gratefully remembered by the people.
		ALEXANDER [Alexandru] STURDZA (1791-1854), Russian publicist and diplomatist, was a member of the same family, born in Bessarabia and educated in Germany.
		In 1899 he was elected leader of the party in succession to Bratianu and was four times prime minister (see RUMANIAN History).
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /correction/edit?locale=en&content_id=63592 (730 words)

	CIMEC - Museums and Collections in Romania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In 1937 the "Prince Cuza Association" emerged, that aimed, among other things, at restoring the house and turn it into a museum.
		Since 1995 it has been known as the "Prince Cuza House" Museum, and on the 20th of May 2004, in a wing of the house opened the permanent coins, medals and stamps exhibition.
		The exhibits of the upper floor hall are relevant for the activity and personality of Prince Cuza, his family and collaborators (for instance: decorative art items, clothes and accessories etc).
	archweb.cimec.ro /scripts/muzee/iden.asp?k=1628 (261 words)

	Observatorul
		That was under Prince Michael the Brave of Wallachia, who managed to create a brief Union of all three principalities (including Transylvania) in 1596 as a military expedient against the Turks.
		Between 1859 and 1861, in only three years, under Alexandru Cuza’s rule, the administrations of the two principalities were united, Bucharest became the new nation’s capital, a strong French-trained army was created, ambitious programs of political and social reform were launched, leading eventually to a new Constitution.
		Cuza took the risk of behaving independently, and was in due course rewarded with independence, when the Sultan received him in Istanbul with all the honors normally reserved for a Head of State — something no Romanian Prince had ever enjoyed before.
	www.observatorul.com /articles_main.asp?action=articleviewdetail&ID=354 (2031 words)

	Art History Romania- History of Art Romania - Art History Romania in Ottoman Empire - Ottoman Art History
		Yet many of the Phanariot princes were capable and farsighted rulers: as prince of Walachia in 1746 and of Moldavia in 1749, Constantin Mavrocordat abolished serfdom, and Alexandru Ipsilanti of Walachia (reigned 1774-82) initiated extensive administrative and legal reforms in Romanian History.
		Although they were able to impose a so-called boyar regime on the princes in the 17th century, they were unable to secure their predominance by a strong institutional base in Romanian History.
		The reign of Cuza, a forty-eighter, was a crucial stage in the achievement of independent statehood.
	www.easterncorner.com /Romania.htm (1850 words)

	Kingdom of Romania
		The Paris Treaty (1856) stipulated that the Russian protectorate be replaced by the collective guarantee of European states; it also stipulated the autonomy of the Romanian Principalities, and in 1857, the assemblies of Moldavia and Wallachia voted to create a union of the two Principalities.
		Alexandru Ioan Cuza initiated together with Mihail Kogalniceanu, his closest counsellor and co-worker, a program of reforms to further update the structures of the Romanian society and state.
		On May 10, 1866, as a result of a plebiscite, was appointed prince of Romania the German prince Carol I of Romania, a relative of the royal family of Prussia belonging to the Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen family supported by Napoleon III and Bismark.
	www.romaniantours.com /kingdom_of_romania.html (1223 words)

	Welcome to Adobe GoLive 5
		Prince of Moldavia Constantine Mavrocordat (1733-35, 1741-44, 1748-49 and 1769)
		Prince of Wallachia Vlad III the Impaler (1448, 1456-62 and 1476)
		1806-12 and 1818-21: Alexander Sutu (Alexandru Sutu; Prince of Moldavia)
	homepage.mac.com /crowns/r/avtxt.html (1081 words)

	Iasi
		The surrounding country is one of uplands and woods, among which rise the monasteries of Cetatuia, Frumoasa, and Galata with its mineral springs, the water-cure establishment of Rapide and the great seminary of Socola.
		The St Spiridion Foundation (due to the liberality of Prince Gregory Ghika in 1727, and available for the sick of all countries and creeds) has an annual income of over 80,000, and maintains hospitals and churches in several towns of Moldavia, besides the baths at Slanic in Walachia.
		For the loss caused to the city in 1861 by the removal of the seat of government to Bucharest the constituent assembly voted 148,150 to be paid in ten annual instalments, but no payment was ever made.
	www.datamass.net /ia/iasi.html (614 words)

	The Roumanian Monarchy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Karl Eitel had the backing of Bismarck, who felt under an obligation to his family--one of the two senior Catholic branches of the Hohenzollerns--on account of its having ceded the sovereignty of its State of Sigmaringen to Prussia some twenty years earlier in a burst of Pan-German enthusiasm.
		A socialistic Swiss tutor had sown doubts in his mind about being a Prince; so it was easy for him to decide that he would renounce the throne when, in 1918, he made a runaway marriage with a colonel's daughter, Jeanne Marie Valentine Lambrino, known as "Zizi".
		After this marriage had been annulled, and he had resumed his position as Heir Apparent, he fell in love with the beautiful Princess Helen of Greece and married her, much to his family's rejoicing; only to elope in 1925 with the red-haired Elena Lupescu, renouncing his rights to the Throne once again.
	www.angelfire.com /pa/ImperialRussian/royalty/roumania/roumon01.html (1399 words)

	Romanian History
		A prince ruled each state, and so they were called principalities.
		In 1859, the assemblies of the two principalities elected Prince Alexander John Cuza as their common ruler.
		According to one story, he even had to consult a map to learn where the country was.
	www.public.asu.edu /~orlich/history.html (2146 words)

	Roumanian Cruiser Elisabeta
		Prince Cuza is deposed by a coalition of both Conservative and Liberal leaders who are united in their common dislike of Cuza's less than popular rule.
		Continuing a tradition which began with his own appointment, Prince Carol obtains a bride from one of the European royal households and marries Elisabeth Ottilie Luise (1843-1916) of the House of Wied.
		Prince Carol is crowned King Carol I, and Romania joins the other Sovereign Kingdoms of Europe and all the demands and obligations such status entails, one of these being national defense.
	www.gwpda.org /naval/weliz000.htm (3807 words)

	CAROL I. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		1839–1914, prince (1866–81) and first king (1881–1914) of Romania, of the house of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen.
		He reformed the Romanian constitution and laid the groundwork for the country’s monetary system, military organization, and railroad network.
		Carol sided with Russia in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 and obtained at the Congress of Berlin (see Berlin, Congress of) full independence for Romania, which he declared a kingdom in 1881.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/ca/Carol1.html (116 words)

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