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| | Rainier III, Prince of Monaco - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography |
 | | Prince Rainier III (Rainier Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand Grimaldi; May 31, 1923 – April 6, 2005), styled HSH The Sovereign Prince of Monaco, ruled the Principality of Monaco for almost fifty-six years, making him one of the longest ruling monarchs of the 20th Century. |
 | | Born in Algeria, his mother was the only child of Prince Louis II and his partner, Marie Juliette Louvet; she was later legitimized through formal adoption and subsequently named heiress to the throne of Monaco. |
 | | The prince was a direct descendant of Stéphanie de Beauharnais, an adopted daughter of Napoleon Bonaparte, and of William Thomas Beckford, the scandalous 18th century English collector, tastemaker, writer, and eccentric. |
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