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Topic: Prince of Transylvania

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	Transylvania - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A high plateau, Transylvania is separated in the S from Walachia by the Transylvanian Alps and in the E from Moldavia and Bukovina by the Carpathian Mts.
		In the north and west Transylvania borders on Crişana-Maramureş and in the SW on the Banat.
		Transylvania was then seized by Romania and was formally ceded by Hungary in the Treaty of Trianon (1920).
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-transylv.html (1361 words)

	Rulers of Transylvania - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Between the 11th and 16th century, Transylvania was a largely autonomous Voivodate inside the Kingdom of Hungary.
		1867 – the Principality of Transylvania is dissolved
		Transylvanias territory was part of the Kingdom of Romania between 1918 and 1940, divided between Hungary and the Kingdom of Romania between 1940 and 1945, and is a part of Romania since then.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Prince_of_Transylvania (365 words)

	TRANSYLVANIA - History of Transylvania, demographics of Transylvania, Transylvania today.
		Transylvania was first referred to in a Latin document in 1075 as "Ultra siluam," meaning "beyond the forest." That name was later changed to "Transylvania," which has the same meaning.
		The latter finally subdued Transylvania in 1604 and initiated a reign of terror in which he was authorised to appropriate the land of noblemen, Germanize the population, and reclaim the principality for Catholicism through the Counter Reformation.
		In 1699 and 1701, Emperor Leopold I decreed Transylvania's Orthodox Church to be one with the Roman Catholic Church.
	www.transylvania-tours.com /transylvania/wiki.htm (3874 words)

	Transylvania
		The Voivode of Transylvania, John Zápolya, and Ferdinand Habsburg of Austria each claimed to be king of Hungary, and engaged in a power struggle that resulted in the tripart division of the country.
		The independent principality of Transylvania was headed by elected Hungarian princes, marked by the reign of István Báthory, Prince of Transylvania, and King of Poland.
		Transylvania was reunited with Hungary after the 1867 Compromise (Ausgleich) with Austria (the two were never legally separated).
	www.geocities.com /transmagyar/Part_1_.htm (2395 words)

	Sigismund Bathory - LoveToKnow 1911
		SIGISMUND BATHORY (ZSIGMOND), (1572-1613), prince of Transylvania, was the son of Christopher, prince of Transylvania, and Elizabeth Bocskay, and nephew of the great Stephen Bathory.
		He was elected prince in his father's lifetime, but being quite young at his father's death (1581), the government was entrusted to a regency.
		His incalculableness, his savage cruelty (like most of the princes of his house he was a fanatical Catholic and persecutor) and his perpetual restlessness point plainly enough to a disordered mind.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Sigismund_Bathory (326 words)

	[No title]
		The life in Transylvania was like the mirrored surface of a lake, barely rippled by a gentle breeze, while the armies of the prince were engaged in bloody battles.
		Princes, magnates and bourgeois, partly because of their enthusiasm for converting the Romanians, partly because of a sense of obligation to enlighten and educate, made a valiant effort to modify the thinking of the Romanians 'living in ignorance'.
		Now Transylvania became the eastern border of the Habsburg Empire which, although western, was loosing ground in the west and looked for compensation to the East, through the grace of God and for the greater glory of the Dynasty.
	www.hungarianhistory.com /lib/transy2/transy08.htm (5064 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Transylvania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		John II (John Sigismund Zapolya), 1540-71, king of Hungary and prince of Transylvania, son of John I. Through his mother, Isabel (daughter of Sigismund I of Poland), he was related to the Jagiello dynasty.
		Sigismund Rákóczy, 1544-1608, was elected (1607) prince of Transylvania to succeed Stephen Bocskay.
		Stefan Batory, 1533-86, king of Poland (1575-86), prince of Transylvania (1571-75), son of Stephen Báthory (1477-1534).
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Transylvania (640 words)

	[No title]
		He was the last Prince of Transylvania, but the fate of Transylvania was not the stake in his, for him fatal, fight for freedom of glorious memory.
		Yet, Transylvania was a fundamentally Hungarian conquest and settlement area and was an organic part of the Kingdom of Hungary, founded by and incorporated into the realm under the "holy" crown.
		When Vienna no longer had to be concerned with a Prince of Transylvania, or with pretenders for this title, it still viewed this distant province as a border buffer zone and attempted to control it as a separate entity, directly subject to the Imperial Crown.
	www.hungarianhistory.com /lib/transy2/transy09.htm (5822 words)

	Stephen Báthory
		Thus in 1529 he was made governor of Transylvania.
		He was succeeded as prince of Transylvania by his brother, Christopher Bathory (1530-81).
		He had succeeded John II Zapolya[?] as prince of Transylvania.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/st/Stephen_Bathory.html (285 words)

	Kingdoms of Eastern Europe - Transylvania
		Largely surrounded by mountains, the plateau of Transylvania (known as Dacia to the Romans), was relatively isolated and protected from the grassy lowlands around it, through which various Steppe incursions passed The name most commonly associated with Transylvania is that of (Count) Dracula, who was in fact Prince Vlad of Wallachia.
		Transylvania is then largely ruled through appointed princes in the same style as neighbouring Wallachia and Moldavia.
		Transylvania is then ruled again from Hungary, this time without local princes.
	www.kessler-web.co.uk /History/KingListsEurope/EasternTransylvania.htm (144 words)

	JOHN HUNYADI: Hungary in American History Textbooks - Title
		Sigismund Rakoczi, 1544-1608, was elected (1607) prince of Transylvania to succeed Stephen Bocskay.
		A high plateau, Transylvania is separated in the south from Wallachia by the TRANSYLVANIAN ALPS and in the east from Moldavia and Bukovina by the CARPATHIANS (of which the Transylvanian Alps are a continuation).
		The BATHORY family, which came to power on the death (1571) of John II, ruled Transylvania as princes under Ottoman, and briefly under Hapsburg, suzerainty until 1602, but their rule was interrupted by the incursion of MICHAEL THE BRAVE of Wallachia and by Austrian military intervention.
	www.hungarian-history.hu /lib/hunyadi/hu03.htm (2438 words)

	Hungary - Transylvania
		The treaties secured his position as prince of Transylvania, guaranteed rights for Royal Hungary's Protestants, broadened Transylvania's independence, and freed the emperor of his obligation to pay tribute to the Ottomans.
		Under Rakoczi, Transylvania fought with the Protestants in the Thirty Years' War (1618-48) and was mentioned as a sovereign state in the Peace of Westphalia.
		Transylvania's golden age ended after Gyorgy Rakoczi II (1648-60) launched an attack on Poland without the prior approval of the Ottomans or Transylvania's Diet.
	countrystudies.us /hungary/14.htm (306 words)

	AllRefer.com - John II, king of Hungary and prince of Transylvania (Austria And Hungary, History, Biography) - ...
		John II (John Sigismund Zapolya), 1540–71, king of Hungary and prince of Transylvania, son of John I. Through his mother, Isabel (daughter of Sigismund I of Poland), he was related to the Jagiello dynasty.
		In 1551, Martinuzzi procured the deposition of John and Isabel and reunited Transylvania with Hungary, recognizing Ferdinand of Austria and Bohemia (later Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I) as king.
		John was succeeded as prince of Transylvania by Stephen BAthory (see under BAthory, family).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/J/John2Hun.html (376 words)

	Transylvania in the Eighteenth Century (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In Hungary and Transylvania the focus of attention was on the agricultural production, the development of trade and commerce, both domestic and international, state supported and private, developed via mercantilism and/or free trade.
		The country was ruled from then on by the Habsburgs, the princes of Transylvania and the sultans of the Ottoman empire.
		Prince George Rakoczi granted their company a letter of privilege in 1636 which letter was renewed in 1701 by Leopold I. The Greeks who did regular business in Hungary and Transylvania remained Turkish subjects.
	www.vlachophiles.net /grts.htm (3730 words)

	Austria in the late 17th Century
		Another 40% was ruled by the Prince of Transylvania under the suzerainty of the Ottomans.
		In 1656, Prince György Rákóczi (George II Rákózi) of Transylvania allied with Charles X of Sweden in a campaign to seize Polish territory and divide it between them.
		Prince Eugene was sent to Northern Italy where he scored important victories at Luzzara (1702) and Turin (1706).
	faculty.history.wisc.edu /sommerville/351/351-15.htm (1801 words)

	Transylvania - Erdély - Ardeal - Siebenbürgen created by Atti (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Transylvania, is a geographical region of Romania near the Hungarian border.
		Transylvania is the main site of the legend about the vampire Dracula.
		The character of Dracula is based on Vlad Tepes, a cruel prince of the 1400’s who lived in Walachia, a region south of Transylvania.
	www.atti.info /transylvania.html (255 words)

	Romania - The Ottoman Invasions
		After Buda's fall, Transylvania, though a vassal state of the Sublime Porte (as the Ottoman government was called), entered a period of broad autonomy.
		In Transylvania Basta's army persecuted Protestants and illegally expropriated their estates until Stephen Bocskay (1605-07), a former Habsburg supporter, mustered an army that expelled the imperial forces.
		Transylvania's golden age ended after György Rákóczi II (1648-60) launched an ill-fated attack on Poland without the prior approval of the Porte or Transylvania's Diet.
	countrystudies.us /romania/8.htm (1798 words)

	Albrecht von Wallenstein
		The other princes holding this rank hated him, fearing that he would overthrow their freedom and subject them once more to the supremacy of the emperor.
		At the same time he exerted himself to come to an agreement with the head of the princes of the empire, Maximilian of Bavaria, but was not able to carry out these plans.
		In August the princes of the empire were able to secure his dismissal; Wallenstein accepted his removal without resistance.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/w/wallenstein,albrecht_von.html (1653 words)

	Transylvanian History
		The Voivode of Transylvania, Janos Zapolya, and Ferdinand Habsburg of Austria each claimed to be king of Hungary, and engaged in a power struggle that resulted in the tripart division of the country.
		The independent principality of Transylvania was headed by elected Hungarian princes, marked by the reign of Istvan Bathory, Prince of Transylvania, and King of Poland.
		Gabor Bethlen, Prince of Transylvania, established new schools which provided a free education to the children of serfs.
	members.fortunecity.com /magyarhun/magyar/id3.html (2415 words)

	Bran Castle History (1377-1920) - Travel on Transylvania - Dracula's Info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This state of facts, corroborated with the persistent Turkish attacks (culminating with the one in 1421, when the Turks rob The Land of Bârsa) determine Sigismund of Luxemburg to entrust the Bran Fortress, on February 3 rd 1426, to the Prince of Transylvania, entrusting him to appoint the lord of the castle.
		Bran was also the pass used by the armies of prince Stefan Bathory, when supporting Vlad Tepes in his second reign (1456-1462).
		The same year, during the campaign of the Turkish army lead by Ali Pasha Maghiaroglu, aiming to install Gabriel Bethlen as prince of Transylvania, the Pasha requests the lord of the Bran castle to use their cannons, in order to prevent the "Tartar sultan" from passing through Bran.
	www.draculas.info /travel_transylvania/bran_castle_history_i (2378 words)

	Rakoczy. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Sigismund Rákóczy, 1544–1608, was elected (1607) prince of Transylvania to succeed Stephen Bocskay.
		George I’s son, George II Rákóczy, 1621–60, succeeded his father on the throne of Transylvania but was deposed (1657) as a result of his unsuccessful invasion of Poland.
		Having married a daughter of Peter Zrinyi, governor of Croatia, he entered with Zrinyi into an unsuccessful conspiracy against Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I. Francis II Rákóczy, 1676–1735, son of Francis I and of Helen Zrinyi, became the leader of the rebellion of the Hungarians against Hapsburg oppression.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ra/Rakoczy.html (484 words)

	Transylvania - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Transylvania (Romanian: Ardeal or Transilvania; Hungarian: Erdély; German:
		As a political entity, Transylvania proper - the lands beyonds the Apuseni Mountains - became a part of the Kingdom of Hungary in the 11th century.
		Transylvania was first referred to in a Medieval Latin document in 1075 as Ultra silvam, meaning "beyond the forest" (ultra meaning "beyond, on the other side" and the accusative case of sylva (sylvam) meaning "wood or forest").
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Transylvania (2715 words)

	Stephen Báthory
		Stephen Báthory, or in Hungarian, István Báthory, King of Poland and prince of Transylvania, the most famous member of the Somlyó branch of the ancient Báthory family, now extinct, but originally almost coeval with the Hungarian monarchy.
		Zapolya rewarded him with the voivodeship of Transylvania, and as the loyal defender of the rights of his patron's son, John Sigismund, he incurred the animosity of the emperor Maximilian, who kept him in prison for two years.
		On the 25th of May 1571, on the death of John Sigismund, Báthory was elected prince of Transylvania by the Hungarian estates, in spite of the opposition of the court of Vienna and contrary to the wishes of the late prince, who had appointed Gaspar Békesy his successor.
	www.nndb.com /people/091/000097797 (458 words)

	Dracula
		Note: Schassburg, Transylvania is now the modern city of Sighisoara, Romania.
		The name Dracula is translated as "son of the dragon." Voivode Dracula's father, Vlad, took the sire name Dracul when the Holy Roman Emperor knighted him into the Order of the Dragon, a group of noblemen who were charged with the defense of Christianity.
		Prince Vlad Dracula was born in the early 15th Century as the second son of Transylvanian nobleman Vlad Dracul.
	spider-bob.com /villains/marvel/Dracula.htm (761 words)

	Prince Charles helps Transylvania
		Prince Charles is looking to buy a house in Transylvania, the part of Romania associated with his distant relative Vlad “Dracula” the Impaler.
		Charles reportedly plans to buy a house in Viscri, the village where the trust is headquartered, have it restored and then rent it to tourists to help build sustainable tourism in the area.
		Prince Charles’ great-grandmother, Queen Mary, was said to be related to Vlad’s family.
	romania.ido.ro /prince-charles-helps-transylvania-34 (224 words)

	A Prince of Transylvania : Home
		A Prince From Transylvania is a children's novel steeped in the history of an immigrant community in America.
		Laura's imagination places her classmate, Victor, into a starring role in that tragic history, dubbing him, 'The Prince from Transylvania.' Laura tries to shake her romantic notion, but the appearance of strangers and the revelation of long-kept secrets makes Laura all the more curious about Victor's past.
		A Prince From Transylvania was written and published as a tribute to Ella Banyay DeMers' Hungarian heritage.
	www.paprikaspress.com (379 words)

	Fiendish Field Guide-Dracula
		However, Dracula created many vampires during his 400-year reign, and it is possible that some among them would claim him as their "father".
		Vlad Dracula was born in in 1430 as the son of Vlad Dracul, who in 1431, became prince of Wallachia, a Romanian principality bordering Transylvania.
		Not long afterwards, Dracula extended his rule throughout Transylvania and expelled the remaining Turk from his dominions, and his powers as a Vampire Regent quickly manifested themselves due to the coalescing of the gypsy woman's blood with his own.
	www.laughingsage.com /macabrefiles/fiendentry_drac.htm (1287 words)

	The Count of St. Germain - Crystalinks
		Some of these include the possibility that he was the son of Francis II Rakoczi, the Prince of Transylvania (who was in exile), or that he was the illegitimate son of Maria Anna of Pfalz-Neuburg, the widow of Charles II of Spain.
		He was an aristocrat who lived with princes and even with kings almost on a footing of an equal.
		The Prince of Hesse, Condorcet, and Cagliostro were all members of this group.
	www.crystalinks.com /germain.html (4227 words)

	Elizabeth Bathory
		Elizabeth Bathory is born into one of the oldest and wealthiest families in Transylvania.
		Her family had many powerful relatives -- a cardinal, princes, and a cousin who was prime minister of Hungary are among these relatives.
		Istvan was prince of Transylvania and king of poland from 1575-86.
	members.tripod.com /thereisonlyonesem/id26.htm (1557 words)

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