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Topic: Princess Edmond de Polignac

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	Winnaretta Singer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1894 the Prince and Princess de Polignac established a salon in Paris that came to be known as a haven for avant-garde music.
		Winnaretta de Polignac is described (amongst others by Violet Trefusis) to have few physical charms, though generally she was considered to have a formidable character and was both appealing and attractive, and described as difficult to resist sexually.
		As a lesbian she can be considered as one of the earliest documented examples of a butch personality, preferring to dominate women by wearing riding boots and delivering firm, over-the-knee spankings during sexual encounters, and preferred involvement with women who would submit to her being in control both romantically, sexually and socially.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Winnaretta_Singer (940 words)

	Polignac - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Polignac, in the Haute-Loire département, dominated by the fortress Château de Polignac with its square donjon tower, 32 m tall.
		Polignac is the name of the famous noble French family that take their name from the Château of Polignac, of which they have been sieurs since Carolingian times.
		Jules, prince de Polignac, 1780 – 1847, promulgator of the July Ordinances
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Polignac (173 words)

	Catskill Mountain Region Guide - Articles
		De Falla composed the work at the invitation of the Princess Edmond de Polignac of Paris in 1919 when she requested several eminent composers of the era, including Igor Stravinsky and Erik Satie, to create one-act chamber operas to be presented at her palace.
		De Falla called it "a musical and scenic adaptation" of an episode from Part II of Miguel de Cervantes' Don Quixote, in which the chivalrous Quixote and his squire, Sancho Panza, attend a puppet show based on an old Spanish ballad.
		De Falla created the work for three operatic voices, six actor-mimes, 12 two-and-a-half to three-foot rod puppets, and a 21-piece orchestra and is enacted half by the puppets and half by the actor-mines with the singers located off the main stage with the orchestra.
	www.catskillregionguide.com /articles/article.php?id=227 (2134 words)

	EnciclopedyWinnaretta Singer - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Winnaretta Singer (8 January 1865-26 November 1943), the Princess Edmond de Polignac, was an important musical patron, lesbian, and heir to the Singer sewing machine wealth.
		The marriage was annulled in 1891 by the Catholic church (which might indicate it was not consumated).
		However, in 1893, at the age of 29, she stepped consciously into a "separate beds" marriage with the 59 year-old gay Prince Edmond de Polignac, an amateur composer: he died in 1901.
	www.adago.com /Winnaretta_Singer.html (499 words)

	Socrate
		Satie, at the time, probably did not understand why the Princess was so attached to female voices: it was not until 5 years later that a first (and all in all minor) press scandal would reveal the Princess's lesbian nature.
		Satie composed Socrate between January 1917 and the spring of 1918, with a revision of the orchestral score in October of that same year.
		The Princess diverted this danger by her financial intercession in the first months of 1918, after which Satie could work free of fear.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/LX/Socrate.html (1844 words)

	OperaWorld.com's Opera Insights: El retablo de Maese Pedro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		In 1919, Princess Edmond de Polignac invited Manuel de Falla to write her a chamber opera for private performance in her home in Paris.
		Another possibility is to use the three singers in the orchestra with small children in place of the puppets—all masked, although Don Quixote's hysterical slashing and shredding of these "puppets" must be restrained and, therefore, is probably not as humorous as it is with actual puppets.
		The first staged performance, in a French translation by G.J. Aubry, was given privately for the Princess in her Paris music room on June 25, 1923 with Wanda Landowska playing harpsichord and Hector Dufranne singing the role of Don Quixote.
	www.operaworld.com /special/retablo.shtml (707 words)

	Verlaine Fauré - Monsegur Vaillant Web Site - ADG 2005
		It was Winaretta Singer (Winnie), Princess Edmond de Polignac, who had the idea of wanting to couple the talents of Verlaine and of Fauré by asking them to write - jointly - a lyrical work which would inaugurate splendidly her large Atelier in Paris (the “Hall“, according to Marcel Proust) in Cortambert Street.
		C’est à Winaretta Singer (Winnie), Princesse Edmond de Polignac, que revient l’idée d’avoir voulu apparier les talents de Verlaine et de Fauré en leur demandant d’écrire, de concert, un ouvrage lyrique qui inaugurerait fastueusement son grand Atelier (le “Hall” selon Marcel Proust) de la rue Cortambert.
		La Princesse invita donc Gabriel Fauré à Venise pour quelques jours d’existence divine ; Fauré y commença son op.
	www.adg-paris.org /cd.asp?disc_id=03 (731 words)

	Program Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Maurice Ravel was only 24 when his piano solo Pavane pour une Infante défunte (Pavane for a dead princess) became the rage of the drawing rooms and salons of Paris in 1899, but the work already held the unmistakable stamp of his style.
		A graduate of the Paris Conservatoire, young Ravel had worked with Gabriel Fauré and was an admirer of Emmanuel Chabrier and Erik Satie.
		He felt that it stole too much from Chabrier, and complained that its highly sectional ABACA construction showed "quite poor form," and was "inconclusive and conventional." And he may simply have been tired of amateur pianists trying their hand at it.
	www.redwoodsymphony.org /history/prognotes.aspx?ID=237 (352 words)

	Ralph Chessé: Review of 'Don Quixote,' 1957 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		This work is ordinarily classified as a one-act opera, but the composer called it "a musical and scenic adaptation" of an episode from "Don Quixote," and Jorda calls it "a plastic commentary" on a scene from Cervantes' novel.
		It is a difficult piece to classify, since it is enacted half by puppets and half by living mimes, while the singers are hidden from the spectators' view.
		Princess Edmond de Polignac had a puppet theater in her house in Paris, and in 1919 she commissioned three composers to write one-act pieces for it.
	www.chesseartsltd.com /DonQuixote.article.html (723 words)

	Woking Choral Society’s first concert in the new millennium on 1st April 2000 in the H (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Born in the Ukraine, his musical style was the result of diverse influences: Polish folk-music, the music of the Orthodox Liturgy, the piano music of Scriabin and Chopin, as well as the orchestral works of Strauss, Reger, Wagner and Debussy.
		His setting of the Stabat Mater, written in 1925-1926, was the result of a commission from Princess Edmond de Polignac.
		In it he continued earlier efforts to create a Polish national style, welding together folk material and stylised versions of early church music to produce a highly original work of great power and atmosphere.
	web.ukonline.co.uk /wokingchoral/SPRING.htm (569 words)

	JRB Records: Fantastic Favorites Liner Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		This ballet concerns a gypsy plagued by the ghost of her former lover who was, in life, evil and faithless and, in death, constantly haunting.
		Pavane Maurice Ravel's Pavane for a Dead Princess was dedicated to the Princess Edmond de Polignac, a noted patroness of the arts.
		Ravel preferred that this highly atmospheric piece be perceived as a slow Spanish dance to which a little princess may once have danced.
	www.jrbrecords.com /HTMLs/CDtext/9004liners.html (976 words)

	Francis Poulenc program notes (Apr'04) \| Chamber Orchestra of the Springs
		Poulenc rated his Concerto for Two Pianos highly, "not so much for its intrinsic value as for the success of its orchestration," as he confided to Stephane Audel.
		It was commissioned from him in 1932 by the Princess Edmond de Polignac, the American-born patron and friend of some of the most famous composers of the twentieth century.
		Poulenc and Jacqes Février gave the work its premier on September 5 of the same year at the Venice Festival, with the La Scala Orchestra, conducted by Désiré Defauw.
	www.chamberorchestraofthesprings.org /Poulen44.htm (297 words)

	Abilene Philharmonic Orchestra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		This concerto is a transitional work, combining the impudent humor of his early style with the blossoming vulnerability of the mature composer.
		It was commissioned by Princess Edmond de Polignac (Winnaretta Singer), a wealthy American-born Parisian patron of the arts.
		She asked Poulenc for a two-piano concerto in order to give him and his boyhood friend Jacques Février something they could perform together.
	www.abilenephilharmonic.org /breve_notes/10-29-05.html (685 words)

	Concert
		Pavane pour une infante défunte - The Pavane was composed in 1899 and was the first work which gave Ravel notariety.
		It was dedicated to Princess Edmond of Polignac, a painter and member of the affluent French aristocracy.
		The pavane originally was a musical form founded in the 16th century and was written as an itroduction to the galliard: it was a composition with characteristic cermonial solemnity.
	www.iss.infn.it /congresso/concert.htm (603 words)

	Nottingham Philharmonic Orchestra Programme Notes
		He orchestrated it in 1910 for a small orchestra of woodwind, strings, horns and harp, in which form it has become even more widely known.
		When asked the identity of the deceased princess of the title, Ravel claimed to have chosen the title for its sound only.
		He dedicated it to the very much alive Princess Edmond de Polignac, a major patron of the arts in France at that time.
	www.nottinghamphilharmonic.co.uk /notes/RP.html (151 words)

	Puppets, singers to perform in opera at Hartwick College (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Spanish composer Manuel de Falla's "El Retablo de Maese Pedro," or "Master Peter's Puppet Show," will be presented at 6:30 and 7:30 p.m.
		Terrance Fitz-Henry, retired English and theater arts professor who is directing the opera, said the Princess Edmond de Polignac of Paris commissioned Igor Stravinsky, Erik Satie and Falla in 1919 to write one-act chamber operas for private performances in her palace.
		Falla created "El Retablo de Maese Pedro" for three operatic voices, six masked actor-mimes, six two-and-a-half- to three-foot rod puppets, six smaller puppets, and a 21-piece orchestra The opera is enacted half by the puppets and half by the actor-mimes with the singers located off the main stage with the orchestra.
	www.thedailystar.com /news/stories/2002/02/15/puppets.html (913 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		I recommend The Ox on the Roof: Scenes from Musical Life in Paris in the Twenties, by James Harding (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1972).
		It's a cheerful, no-holds barred account of Les Six (of which Satie was Un des Six).
		It was commissioned by Princess Edmond de Polignac.
	www.af.lu.se /~fogwall/satie/201.html (106 words)

	Amazon.ca: Food of Love: Princess Edmond De Polignac, 1865-1943, and Her Salon: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Amazon.ca: Food of Love: Princess Edmond De Polignac, 1865-1943, and Her Salon: Books
		Food of Love: Princess Edmond De Polignac, 1865-1943, and Her Salon
		Top of Page : Food of Love: Princess Edmond De Polignac, 1865-1943, and Her Salon
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0241897858 (158 words)

	Table of Contents
		Now in one volume: 3 collections of Fauré songs composed in the years 1861-1904, set to the texts of such famous writers as Hugo, Gautier, Baudelaire and Verlaine, and including many of the most famous songs such as "Clair de lune," "Apres un reve," and "Les roses d’Ispahan." Reprinted from authoritative French editions.
		51, No. 1; dedicated to Princess Edmond de Polignac)" "Au cimetière (Op.
		Edouard Risler)" "Dans la forêt de Septembre (Op 85, No. 1; dedicated to Lydia Eustis)" "La fleur qui va sur l'eau (Op.
	www.doverpublications.com /cgi-bin/toc.pl/048626534X (435 words)

	Maurice Ravel: Pavane Pour Une Infante Defunte (Piano Solo) at Musicroom.com - Sheet Music for Musicians
		This work was given its world premiere by Ricardo Vines on April 5th, 1902 and was the first of Ravel's works to achieve real popularity.
		It is dedicated to the Princess Edmond de Polignac, a painter and wealthy member of the French aristocracy.
		The pavane was popular in the 16th Century and during this time it became established as an introductory dance to the galliard.
	www.musicroom.com /se/ID_No/059917/details.html (297 words)

	Wexford Festival Opera : Operas for 2006 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Puppet opera in six scenes to a libretto by the composer after an episode from Miguel de Cervantes’ Don Quixote.
		First performed in Rome, at the Teatro Valle, on 4 February 1824 (revised as Don Gregorio, Naples, Teatro Nuovo, 11 June 1826).
		First performed in Paris, at the home of Princess Edmond de Polignac, on 25 June 1923 (previously given in a concert version, Seville, San Fernando, 23 March 1923).
	www.wexfordopera.com /nextoperas.php (201 words)

	Classics Today.com - Your Online Guide to Classical Music
		This disc memorializes a single concert given on January 21, 1947, at which all three works received their premieres by the Basel Chamber Orchestra under the baton of Paul Sacher, who commissioned them.
		Someday someone should make a complete list of the pieces commissioned by five people: Paul Sacher, Serge Koussevitzky, the Princess Edmond de Polignac, Leopold Stokowski, and Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge.
		Without them, 20th century music as we know it certainly would not exist.
	www.classicstoday.com /review.asp?ReviewNum=5798 (348 words)

	Francis Poulenc program notes (Dec'02) \| Chamber Orchestra of the Springs
		But there was also a dark side to Poulenc's personality, and in the 1930s a series of disastrous love affairs and the death of a friend, the composer-critic Pierre Octave-Ferroud, precipitated a return to the Catholic Church and a spate of powerful religious works.
		Poulenc's Concerto for Organ, Strings, and Timpani (1938) was commissioned by American-born Princess Edmond de Polignac, heiress to the Singer sewing machine fortune, capable organist, and patroness of the parts.
		Poulenc, with no skills as an organist, sought advice from Maurice Duruflé regarding the solo part.
	www.chamberorchestraofthesprings.org /Poulen2C.htm (260 words)

	Edouard Manet oil painting reproduction
		1868 1' 111 3/4'' x 2'5''(60.5 x 73.5 cm) Bequest of Princess Edmond de Polignac,1944
		1' 3'' x 1'6 1/4''(38 x 46.5 cm) Bequest of Isaac de Camondo 1911
		1864 1' x 1' 6 1/4 '' (31 x 46.5 cm) Bequest of Count Isaac de Camondo,1911
	www.intofineart.com /htmlfind/artist-1900617.html (77 words)

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