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Topic: Principal passes of the Alps

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List of mountain passes

Little St Bernard Pass

Peaks and passes of the Alps

Mountain pass

Col du Galibier

St Bernard Pass

Alps

Ligurian Alps

Fremont Pass (California)

Brenner Pass

Swiss Alps

Todi Range

Simplon Pass

Main chain of the Alps

Brennero

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	Alps - LoveToKnow 1911
		Dauphine Alps (from the Col du Galibier, westwards and southwards).
		Bernina Alps (from the Maloja to the Reschen Scheideck and the Stelvio, south and east of the Val Bregaglia and of the Engadine and north of the Valtellina).
		The Alps of Bavaria, the Vorarlberg and Salzburg (north of the Arlberg Pass, Innsbruck, the Pinzgau, and the Enns valley).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Alps (13116 words)

	Alps - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		Among the principal ranges are the Maritime, Ligurian, Cottian, and Alpes Grées in France and Italy and the Bernese, Glarus, and Pennine (or Valais) Alps in Switzerland.
		The Jura Mountains are a northwestern outlier of the French Alps.
		Well-known mountain chains of the Eastern Alps are the Bavarian Alps, Allgäu Alps, Hohe Tauern, and Niedere Tauern in the north and the Dolomite and Carnic Alps in the south.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761562121___3/Alps.html (394 words)

	Alps - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The border between the Central Alps and the Southern Limestone Alps is the Periadriatic Seam.
		The Northern Limestone Alps are separated from the Central Eastern Alps by the Grauwacken Zone.
		The Alps arose as a result of the pressure exerted on sediments of the Tethys Ocean basin as its Mesozoic and early Cenozoic strata were pushed against the stable Eurasian landmass by the northward-moving African landmass.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alps (1425 words)

	Principal passes of the Alps - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Alps of Bavaria, the Vorarlberg, and Salzburg
		In fact the central portion of the Alps was by far the least Romanised and least known till the early middle ages.
		As late as 1905, the highest pass over the main chain that had a carriage road was the Great St Bernard (8111 feet), but three still higher passes over side ridges have roads -- the Stelvio (9055 feet), the Col du Galibier (8721 feet), in the Dauphiné Alps, and the Umbrail Pass (8242 feet).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Principal_passes_of_the_Alps (940 words)

	Alps - MSN Encarta
		The valleys of the Alps are areas of year-round settlement; the flatter upland tracts comprise pastures and seasonally inhabited settlements, and the zone above the tree line serves as pasture and for recreation.
		Among the principal ranges are the Maritime, Ligurian, Cottian, and Graian Alps in France and Italy and the Bernese, Glarus, and Pennine (or Valais) Alps in Switzerland.
		Well-known mountain chains of the Eastern Alps are the Bavarian Alps, Algäuer Alps, Hohe Tauern, and Niedere Tauern in the north and the Dolomite and Carnic Alps in the south.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761562121/Alps.html (852 words)

	Swiss Alps Skiing
		This region is bordered by: Lake Lucerne in the south-west; the Klausen Pass, upper Linth valley and Lake Walen in the south; the Rhine valley in the east; Lake Constance in the north.
		The border between the Central Eastern Alps and the Southern Limestone Alps is the so-called Periadriatic Seam.
		The Northern Limestone Alps are separated from the Central Eastern Alps by the Grauwacken Zone.
	www.breadlike.com /pages7/85/swiss-alps-skiing.html (696 words)

	ALPS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Dauphine Alps (from the Col du Galibier, westwards and southwards).
		Bernina Alps (from the Maloja to the Reschen Scheideck and the Stelvio, south and east of the Val Bregaglia and of the Engadine and north of the Vultellina).
		The Alps of Bavaria, the Vorarlberg and Salzburg (north of the Arlberg Pass, Innsbruck, the Pinzgau, and the Enns valley).
	simplestartpage.com /2301_ALPS.HTML (12992 words)

	ALPS - Online Information article about ALPS
		Alp (or Alm in the Eastern Alps) is exclusively applied to the high mountain pastures (see ALP), and not to the peaks and ridges of the chain.
		peak of Mont Blanc (15,782 ft.), the loftiest in the Alps.
		Brenner Pass along the snowy crest of the Oetzthal and Stubai Alps, the loftiest point on it being the Weisskugel (12,291 ft., Oetzthal), for the highest summits both of the Oetzthal and of the Stubai districts, the Wildspitze (12,382 ft.) and the Zuckerhutl (11,520 ft.) stand a little to the north.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /ALM_ANC/ALPS.html (7206 words)

	Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America - Chapter 32.
		The Sierra de Santa Marta being nearly in the meridian of the Cordilleras of Peru and New Grenada, the snowy summits descried by navigators in passing the mouth of the Rio Magdalena are commonly mistaken for the northern extremity of the Andes.
		); the summit of the Alps and Pyrenees at 1150 toises.
		The Swiss Alps extend, in the Grisons and in the Tyrol, to a breadth of 36 and 40 leagues, both in the meridians of the lake at Como, the canton of Appenzell, and in the meridian of Bassano and Tegernsee.
	www.globusz.com /ebooks/Equinoctial3/00000019.htm (17243 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The highest mountain in the Alps is Mont Blanc, at 4,808 metres (15,774 ft), on the French-Italian border.
		The border between the Central Alps and the Southern Limestone Alps is the Periadriatic Seam.
		The Alps arose as a result of the pressure exerted on sediments of the Tethys Ocean basin as its Mesozoic and early Cenozoic strata were pushed against the stable Eurasian landmass by the northward-moving African landmass.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Alps (1445 words)

	Alps. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Geologically, the Alps were formed during the Oligocene and Miocene epochs as a result of the pressure exerted on the Tethyan geosyncline as its Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata were squeezed against the stable Eurasian landmass by the northward-moving African landmass.
		The principal peaks of the Central Alps are Monte Rosa, the Matterhorn, the Finsteraarhorn, the Jungfrau, and the Wildspitze; the chief routes are the Simplon Tunnel and the St. Gotthard, Grimsel, Furka, Splügen, Bernina, and Brenner passes.
		The E Alps comprise, in the south, the Dolomites, the Carnic Alps, and the Julian Alps; and, in the north, the Hohe Tauern and Niedere Tauern; the principal eastern peak is Grossglockner.
	www.bartleby.com /65/al/Alps.html (671 words)

	Alps
		The Alps is the collective name for one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria in the east, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany, through to France in the west.
		The highest mountain in the Alps is the Mont Blanc at 4807 meters on the French-Italian border.
		The Alps of Bavaria, the Vorarlberg, and Salzburg - Tirolean Alps - Ortler, Oetzthal and Stubai Ranges - Lombard Alps - Dolomites - South-Eastern Alps
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/al/Alp.html (163 words)

	List of mountain passes: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Arthur's Pass (Arthur's Pass: arthurs pass is an alpine crossing of the southern alps of the south island of new...
		Haast Pass (Haast Pass: the haast pass is a mountain pass in the southern alps of the south island of...
		Simplon Pass (Simplon Pass: simplon pass is a mountain pass at 6,589 ft (2,008 metrem) in the lepontine alps...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/list_of_mountain_passes (1806 words)

	The Alps - Alpine Sculpture
		Water, in passing over limestone, charges itself with carbonate of lime without damage to its transparency ; the rock is dissolved in the water; and the gorges cut by water in such rocks often resemble those cut in the ice of glaciers by glacier streams.
		The plains of Italy and Switzerland are cumbered by the débris of the Alps.
		The fracture theory infers from the disturbances of the Alps the existence of fissures ; and this is a probable inference.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles27n/alps-20.shtml (6621 words)

	Mountain pass - TheBestLinks.com - Notch, Afghanistan, Alps, Khyber Pass, ...
		Passes may be very short, consisting of steep slopes to the top of the pass, or valleys of many kilometers, whose highest point is only identifiable by surveying.
		There are thousands of named passes around the world; some, such as the Great St. Bernard Pass in the Alps, and the Khyber Pass between Afghanistan and Pakistan are familar names.
		Principal passes of the Alps, Peaks and passes of the Alps
	www.thebestlinks.com /Notch.html (373 words)

	Alps - Wikinfo
		The Alps is the collective name for one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria in the east, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany, through to France in the west.
		The highest mountain in the Alps is the Mont Blanc at 4810 meters on the French-Italian border.
		The Alps are a range of mountains located within the Moon's Mare Imbrium, formed in the impact that created the Imbrium Basin.
	www.internet-encyclopedia.org /wiki.php?title=Alps (733 words)

	station ski alpes - location - sejour - hotel - appartement - vacances en France (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The valleys of the Alps are areas of year-round settlement; the flatter upland tracts comprise pastures and seasonally inhabited settlements, and the zone above the treeline serves as pasture and for recreation.
		Among the principal ranges are the Maritime, Ligurian, Cottian, and Graian Alps in France and Italy and the Bernese, Glarus, and Pennine (or Valais) Alps in Switzerland.
		Well-known mountain chains of the Eastern Alps are the Bavarian Alps, Algäuer Alps, Hohe Tauern, and Niedere Tauern in the north and the Dolomite and Carnic Alps in the south.
	www.station-ski-alpes.com /the-alps.html (663 words)

	Alps - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Alps are the highest and most densely settled mountain belt of Europe, occupying an area of about 200,000 sq km (about 80,000 sq mi) and inhabited by some 20 million people.
		The valleys of the Alps are areas of year-round settlement; the flatter upland tracts comprise pastures and seasonally inhabited settlements, and the zone above the timberline serves as pasture and for recreation.
		Subsequently, enormous pressure generated by a collision between the African and Eurasian plates (see Plate Tectonics) thrust these rock strata upward and northward to form recumbent folds (nappes), which in the process of movement were detached from their roots.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761562121/Alps.html (922 words)

	Alps Maps from Omni Resources - International Map & Guidebook Specialists.
		The Alpine Pass Route traverses Switzerland from east to west: from the ancient town of Sargans on the borders of Leichtenstein, to Montreux on the shores of Lake Geneva.
		Each pass is different: from the remote slender crest of the Richetli to the broad tourist thronged Kleine Scheideggrocky crest of the Bunderchrinde and the grassy saddle of the Blattipass with its incredible views of the Oberland giants.
		The Queyras is an isolated, unspoilt region of the French Alps between the Durance Valley and the Italian border.
	www.omnimap.com /catalog/int/alps.htm (4738 words)

	Alps - Encyclopediak
		The conquering Romans, bent on subduing the world beyond the Alps, eagerly seized upon those in use by the native inhabitants, in order that their progress might be easier.
		The principal ones are the Brenner, Simplon, St. Gotthard, La Corniche, Col-di-Tenda, San Bernardina and Stelvio passes.
		The principal animals are the chamois, ibex, brown bear, wolf, wild cat, fox, weasel, badger, ermine and otter.
	www.encyclopediak.com /wiki?title=Alps&redirect=no (622 words)

	Alps
		The highest mountain in the Alps is the Mont Blanc at 4808 meters on the French-Italian border.
		The Eastern Alps are the part of the Alps east of the line between Lake Constance along the Rhine to Lake Como.
		The Eastern Alps are commonly subdivided into the Northern Limestone Alps, the Central Eastern Alps and the Southern Limestone Alps, with reflects the different geological composition of the more central parts of the Alps and the groups at its fringe.
	www.askfactmaster.com /Alp (651 words)

	Liberty Baptist Church - Prescott, Arizona (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		About the same time, some of the principal Waldenses proposed that their clergy should preach in public, that every one might know the purity of their doctrines: for hitherto they had preached only in private, and to such congregations as they well knew to consist of none but persons of the reformed religion.
		Francis Gros, the son of a clergyman, had his flesh slowly cut from his body into small pieces, and put into a dish before him; two of his children were minced before his sight; and his wife was fastened to a post, that she might behold all these cruelties practiced on her husband and offspring.
		He, however, did his endeavors to force the pass, but being able to bring up only twelve men in front at a time, and the Protestants being secured by a breastwork, he found he should be baffled by the handful of men who opposed him.
	www.libertybaptistaz.com /books/foxesch6.htm (11573 words)

	Alps - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Alps (Alpi in Italian, Alpe in Slovene) is the name for one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria, Italy and Slovenia in the east, through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany to France in the west.
		Image:Italian alps1.jpg The Western Alps are commonly subdivided with respect to geography and not geology:
		Image:Alps.space.300pix.jpg The "main chain of the Alps" follows the watershed from the Mediterranean Sea to the Wienerwald, passing over many of the highest and most famous peaks in the Alps.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Alps (1431 words)

	Climate of the Alps: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Subalpine is the region which mainly determines the manner of life of the population of the Alps (Alps: A large mountain system in south-central Europe; scenic beauty and winter sports make them a popular tourist attraction).
		On the higher parts of lofty mountains in the Alps (Alps: A large mountain system in south-central Europe; scenic beauty and winter sports make them a popular tourist attraction) more snow (snow: A layer of snowflakes (white crystals of frozen water) covering the ground) falls in each year than is melted on the spot.
		The great plain of Upper Italy (Italy: A republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD) has a winter climate colder than that of the British Islands.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/climate_of_the_alps (1228 words)

	The Internet Classics Archive \| The Histories by Tacitus
		There they debated, whether they should blockade the passes of the Pannonian Alps till the whole strength of their party should be gathered in their rear, or whether it would be the more vigorous policy to close with the enemy, and to contend for the possession of Italy.
		The principal officers of the camp removed the name and images of Vitellius; Caecina, who was still in confinement, they released from his chains, imploring him to plead their cause.
		At the same time the passes of the Alps were occupied with troops, for it was suspected that Germany was arming itself to support Vitellius.
	classics.mit.edu /Tacitus/histories.3.iii.html (11395 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Ireland
		Passing by the absurd story that it was peopled before the Deluge, we are told that, beginning with the time of Abraham, several successive waves of colonization rolled westward to its shores.
		Passed by Protestants possessing confiscated Catholic lands, it object was to impoverish, to debase, to degrade, to leave the despoiled Catholics incapable of rebellion and ignorant of their wrongs.
		In 1882 the Catholic University passed under Jesuit control, and of the twenty-eight fellowships of £400 a year founded by the Royal University fourteen were given to the Catholic University staff.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08098b.htm (18270 words)

	Fredohebshalom.org Fred Ohebshalom Fred Shalom Hannibal at the Alps
		The Alps lie between France and Italy, and the great valleys and the ranges of mountain land lie in such a direction that they must be crossed in order to pass from one country to the other.
		And yet, notwithstanding the awful desolation which reigns in the upper regions of the Alps, the lower valleys, through which the streams finally meander out into the open plains, and by which the traveler gains access to the sublime scenes of the upper mountains, are inexpressibly verdant and beautiful.
		The mountaineers, therefore, knowing that it was not necessary to guard the pass at night,-its own terrible danger being then a sufficient protection, were accustomed to disperse in the evening, and descend to regions where they could find shelter and repose, and to return and renew their watch in the morning.
	www.fredohebshalom.org /Hannibal_at_the_Alps.htm (3949 words)

	Brenner Pass -
		The Brenner Pass (Italian Passo del Brennero) is a mountain pass through the Tyrolean Alps along the border between Austria and Italy, and is one of the principal passes of the Alps.
		It is the lowest (4,495 ft/1,370 m) and easiest of the Alpine passes, and one of the few in the Tyrol region.
		Heading southward through the Brenner Pass the Alamanni crossed into Italy in 268, to be stopped in November at the Battle of Lake Benacus.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Brennerpass (516 words)

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