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Topic: Prisoners of conscience

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	Prisoners of conscience
		Prisoners of conscience are held by governments in all regions of the world; in countries with diverse political and social systems.
		Some prisoners of conscience are held for actions undertaken as individuals; others are part of a group or movement.
		When the facts show that individuals are prisoners of conscience, the cases are usually allocated to one or more of the movement's groups around the world.
	www.free-biscet.org /biscetarticles/AIprisoners_of_conscience.htm (474 words)

	INDONESIA: Release Prisoners Of Conscience Now! - Indonesia's Prisoners
		Prisoners of conscience include labor and student activists, political dissidents, Muslim activists, Acehnese nationalists, and those advocating independence in East Timor and Irian Jaya.
		At least eleven prisoners of conscience from Irian Jaya are believed to remain in prison, most of whom were imprisoned for their alleged roles in organizing peaceful demonstrations in support of independence for the province in 1988 and 1989.
		Five East Timorese prisoners of conscience remain in custody following their conviction for allegedly organizing the peaceful march to the Santa Cruz Cemetery in Dili, the capital of East Timor, on November 12, 1991, which resulted in what has become known as the Santa Cruz massacre.
	www.hrw.org /hrw/reports98/indonesia/indo1-1.htm (1614 words)

	noticias - Cuba - Prisoners of conscience: 71 longing for freedom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		During 2004 and early 2005 a total of 19 prisoners of conscience were released, 14 of whom were only granted "licencia extrapenal", "conditional release" permitting them to carry out the rest of their sentences outside prison for health reasons, in the knowledge they could be detained again.
		Prison officials alleged to be implicated in cases of ill-treatment, or deliberately inflicting cruel and degrading treatment on prisoners should be suspended pending investigation and those found responsible brought to justice.
		In addition to the remaining 69 prisoners of conscience known to Amnesty International, the organization is now declaring two new prisoners of conscience, in the belief that these two individuals have been detained solely for their peaceful attempts to exercise their rights to freedom of expression, association and assembly.
	www.noticias.info /Asp/aspComunicados.asp?nid=53109 (4220 words)

	Myanmar: Prisoners of conscience freed - news.amnesty - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		These men and women have spent years in prison after unfair trials for acts of peaceful dissent that would not be considered crimes under international law, and have suffered from torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment.
		Among those released are individuals who were being held beyond the end of their prison sentence under legislation that allows detention without charge or trial, or who had been sentenced under security and other legislation the broad terms of which have for years facilitated the imprisonment of persons solely on account of peaceful political activities.
		Significant numbers of political prisoners were released by the authorities in Myanmar in amnesties in 1992 and again in 1995.
	news.amnesty.org /index/ENGASA160082004 (505 words)

	Amnesty.nl - Government must release prisoners of conscience immediately (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A new report by Amnesty International reveals the current state of 75 prisoners of conscience arrested during the March 2003 crackdown when scores of dissidents were detained in a series of targeted sweeps.
		In particular Amnesty International denounces the practice of deliberately incarcerating these prisoners of conscience at extreme distances from their homes and families.
		Written and telephone communications between many prisoners and their families have also been restricted, reportedly as a form of harassment by prison officials.
	www.amnesty.nl /persberichten/NK-PB0419.shtml (404 words)

	Eritrea: Human rights appeal for 10th independence anniversary - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Other prisoners of conscience are members of the Jehovah’s Witnesses sect, whose adherents were stripped of their civil rights in 1994, mainly because the sect opposes military service.
		Amnesty International believes these prisoners were jailed on account of their non-violent opinions and criticisms of the government or, in some cases, their opposition to military conscription.
		Prisoners should be allowed access to their families, legal representatives and medical doctors of their choice" Amnesty International urged.
	web.amnesty.org /library/Index/ENGAFR640022003?open&of=ENG-ERI (968 words)

	AlterNet: Prisoners of Conscience
		Thousands of "prisoners of conscience" are sitting in jail cells around the globe -- including the United States -- because of their religious, political or ideological beliefs.
		While some prisoners welcome the support of groups like Amnesty International, others actually seek out and revel in their prison terms, hoping to draw attention to injustices that are not noticed or solved by mere talk.
		Included in the 1,042-plus political prisoners and prisoners of conscience are 278 women, 51 children, and several nuns -- like Phuntsok Nyidron and Ngawang Sangdrol, serving prison sentences of more than 17 years for expressing their political views.
	www.alternet.org /story/9180 (1348 words)

	Prisoners of Conscience
		A "prisoner of conscience" is someone imprisoned solely for the peaceful expression of their beliefs.
		The term was coined by Amnesty International's founder, civil rights lawyer Peter Benenson, who launched Amnesty International with an appeal on behalf of six prisoners of conscience.
		In May 2005, a court sentenced Filep Karma to 15 years in prison and Yusak Pakage to 10 years on charges of treason for having “betrayed” Indonesia by flying the outlawed Papua flag.
	www.amnestyusa.org /prisoners_of_conscience (263 words)

	INDONESIA: Release Prisoners Of Conscience Now! -
		Many East Timorese are in prison convicted for their alleged involvement in or support for the armed resistance against Indonesia.
		Many East Timorese prisoners have publicly rejected the convictions against them and refused to pursue judicial reviews of their convictions on the grounds that they do not recognize the right of Indonesian courts to try them.
		Two other men who are also possibly prisoners of conscience are Mulkan Usman and Imran Hasan, both of whom were tortured after their arrest and forced to sign confessions.
	www.hrw.org /reports98/indonesia/indo1-3.htm (2604 words)

	Prisoners of Conscience in Perú
		According to Amnesty International, there are several hundred prisoners of conscience (POCs) in Perú, in addition to thousands of imprisoned members of guerrilla organizations.
		POCs are people who have not advocated or engaged in acts of political violence, yet who in many cases have been accused of crimes of terrorism, the definition of which was considerably broadened by the Peruvian authorities two years ago.
		In the last elections, for instance, she argued that the best way to oppose Fujimori's authoritarian government was to support the candidacy of former UN secretary general Javier Perez de Cuellar.
	www.freelori.org /groups/nacla/95oct_nacla.html (329 words)

	Peru: Prisoners of conscience - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The third feature facilitating the imprisonment of "prisoners of conscience" relates to the Government's political need to show the effectiveness of their anti-terrorism laws and policy in combatting the armed opposition.
		However, there are former prisoners of conscience who, before this recent change in the law, were re-arrested following their release and who are now in prison awaiting re-trial.
		One example is the prisoner of conscience Plácido Damián Ccasani who, after having been acquitted and released in February 1992, was again detained in August 1995 and sentenced to 12 years' imprisonment.
	web.amnesty.org /library/Index/ENGAMR460091996?open&of=ENG-PER (8474 words)

	Bulletin - Oakes: Prisoners of conscience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Because all parties have allowed a conscience vote, we have seen something very rare: a genuine, free-flowing debate in which MPs have been able to speak honestly about a matter of substance.
		As recently as the vote on mandatory sentencing laws in the Northern Territory, the PM made it abundantly clear to Liberal moderates that crossing the floor was not to be tolerated.
		Abbott says conscience votes are granted when moral and ethical issues are involved – as though morals and ethics are not involved in most matters that come before parliament.
	bulletin.ninemsn.com.au /bulletin/eddesk.nsf/All/BD806A6C71737D0ACA256C28000B26C9!open (922 words)

	Frequently Asked Questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It opposes the torture and execution of all prisoners, and advocates fair and prompt trials for all political prisoners, regardless of whether they are accused of using or advocating violence.
		It will adopt these people as prisoners of conscience if it finds that they are imprisoned because of their beliefs or their identity, and they have not used or advocated violence.
		If a prisoner refuses to take food because, for example, he or she is suffering ill-treatment or is threatened with torture, Amnesty International will act.
	www.amnesty.org.uk /amnesty/faq.shtml (2151 words)

	Political Prisoners And Prisoners Of Conscience
		In 1993 while in prison, she and 13 other nuns recorded songs and poems on a smuggled tape recorder and the recording was later distributed in Tibet.
		When news that prison officials had made an execution order against Lodroe was smuggled out by other prisoners, the UN made a special appeal to China and Lodroe was sentenced to six more years from May 1995, bringing his total sentence to 21 years.
		While in prison she and 13 other nuns made a covert recording on a tape-recorder smuggled into the prison and copies were later circulated in Tibet.
	www.tibet.com /Humanrights/HumanRights97/hr97-3.html (3600 words)

	INDONESIA: Release Prisoners Of Conscience Now! A Joint Human Rights Watch - Amnesty International report
		The latter, whom Amnesty International calls "prisoners of conscience," are defined as people detained anywhere for their beliefs or because of their ethnic origin, sex, color, language, national or social origin, economic status, birth or other status, who have not used or advocated violence.
		Political prisoners are those who have been convicted on the basis of their political activities who may have used violence in support of their activities.
		Another common feature of imprisonment under the New Order Government was the practice of jailing many prisoners of conscience and political prisoners hundreds and, in some cases, thousands of miles away from their homes, placing great difficulties and financial constraints on members of their families seeking to visit them.
	www.hrw.org /hrw/reports98/indonesia/indo1-0.htm (1747 words)

	ipedia.com: Prisoner of conscience Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Prisoner of Conscience refers to anyone imprisoned for the race, religion, color, language, sexual orie...
		Prisoner of Conscience (POC) is a term coined by Amnesty International, the global human rights group.
		Prisoner of Conscience refers to anyone imprisoned for the race, religion, color, language, sexual orientation, or belief (so long as they have not used or advocated violence).
	www.ipedia.com /prisoner_of_conscience.html (129 words)

	Profiles of the Prisoners of Conscience
		Fathimath informed mother that both her hands and legs were cuffed and she was blindfolded whilst the police transferred her by boat from Male’ to jail.
		Doctor has informed the government his medical condition needs to be treated and it is not safe for him to be kept imprisoned before such treatment is given to him.
		If he fell from the stool, the prison guards punished him for “disobedience” and took away the bed in his cell forcing him to sleep on the floor.
	minivannews.com /news/news.php?id=312 (581 words)

	Letter from families of prisoners of conscience
		Confinement of political prisoners in solitary cells in detention centers which remain undisclosed, contrary to the laws of the land.
		Denial of prisoners legal rights to have families visit them periodically and denial of access to the prisoners physicians in cases of illness and disease.
		Prisoners of conscience Hassan Yousefi Eshkevari and Ezzatollah Sahabi were arrested last year on charges of acting against national security - their "crime" being attending a conference in Berlin on the future of reforms in Iran.
	www.payvand.com /news/01/apr/1045.html (682 words)

	NKVD - ZEMO-AVCHALSKI LABOR CAMP
		GULAG prisoners constructed the White Sea-Baltic Canal, the Moscow-Volga Canal, the Baikal-Amur main railroad line, numerous hydroelectric stations, and strategic roads and industrial enterprises in remote regions.
		Prisoners received inadequate food rations and insufficient clothing, which made it difficult to endure the severe weather and the long working hours; sometimes the inmates were physically abused by camp guards.
		With the advance of democratization, political prisoners and prisoners of conscience all but disappeared from the camps.
	www.collectinghistory.net /blackbook/index.html (1021 words)

	Scotsman.com News - Features - Prisoners of conscience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		By the 1990s, most of the women were released into the larger prison of a society under dictatorial rule, where they scattered and shrank into the shadows, forbidden to keep in touch with one another and afraid to tell their stories.
		Ali, a mother of four, said she came within hours of being put to death in prison, but a sympathetic official spotted the farewell message to her children she had penned on her hand and decided to stay the execution.
		In some ways, the simple hardships of prison life - insulated from society and sharing with sympathetic peers - seemed easier for these women to endure than the interlocking pressures of family and religious politics that has made them permanent targets of suspicion, ostracism and flmail.
	news.scotsman.com /features.cfm?id=135122004 (1657 words)

	">Political prisoners and prisoners of conscience
		Tibetan prisoners are subjected to inconceivably cruel methods of torture ranging from whipping to inflicting electric shocks and sexual abuse in case of female political prisoners.
		Prisoners are frequently held incommunicado and are detained in sub-standard prison conditions.
		In December 1991, he was reported to have been beaten for shouting slogans during a visit to Drapchi prison by Swiss government officials to China and to have been subsequently held in solitary confinement for at least six weeks.
	www.tibet.com /Humanrights/HumanRights96/hr96_3.html (2377 words)

	matthewgood.org :: mblog: Amnesty: Myanmar Prisoners Of Conscience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		With Aung San Suu Kyi due to spend her 60th birthday under house arrest on 19 June, Amnesty International is issuing a report detailing new arrests of political activists and the situation of Aung San Suu Kyi and hundreds of other prisoners of conscience and political prisoners of long-standing concern.
		Some 1,350 political prisoners are currently being held in Myanmar where even peaceful dissent is not tolerated.
		Please sign Amnesty's petition to demand that all prisoners of conscience be released.
	www.matthewgood.org /mblog/2005/06/amnesty-myanmar-prisoners-of.html (249 words)

	Amnesty International -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The response was so overwhelming that within a year groups of letter writers had formed in more than a dozen countries, writing to defend victims of injustice wherever they might be.
		Free all (additional info and facts about Prisoners of Conscience) Prisoners of Conscience (a "POC" is a person imprisoned for the peaceful exercise of their beliefs, which differs somewhat from the typical use of the term (Someone who is imprisoned because of their political views) political prisoner).
		Abolish all forms of (The act of torturing someone) torture and ill-treatment of prisoners, including the use of the (Putting a condemned person to death) death penalty.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/am/amnesty_international.htm (1959 words)

	THE IRANIAN: Mohammadis, Prisoners of conscience, Reza M.
		Manouchehr Mohammadi has been attacked and tortured in prison for his continuous support and encouragement of the youth to set up gatherings and non-violent resistance and therefore, with his brother have been transferred many times to solitary confinement.
		On the third anniversary of the student uprising Manouchehr and Akbar were both transferred to Qaemshahr (Shahi) and Sari prisons; first to solitary confinement and later on to the section for murderers.
		Then he was transferred to his cell where in order to use its toilet he could only lie on the floor and had to drag himself for an hour in order to reach it.
	www.iranian.com /BTW/2004/June/Mohammadi (345 words)

	Baltimore Chronicle: U.S. PRISONERS OF CONSCIENCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Yes, we do have political prisoners in the U.S. Good people are being held hostage by federal and state governments.
		Many of the 150 to 200 political prisoners in this country are incarcerated because they stood up for their beliefs; others, often minorities, have been found guilty of serious crimes despite evidence that, if allowed to be considered, could cause their convictions to be overturned.
		She herself served seven years in prison for what she characterizes as the “crime” of surviving the bombing of her home in 1986.
	baltimorechronicle.com /jerico98.html (398 words)

	Prisoners of Conscience
		An important historical record of a tumultuous period in India's recent political history, PRISONERS OF CONSCIENCE focuses on the State of Emergency imposed by Indira Ghandi from June, 1975 to March, 1977.
		But political prisoners existed before the Emergency, and they continued to exist even after it was over.
		PRISONERS OF CONSCIENCE is a bold attempt to fight against the lies the system in India wishes to propagate on the issue of political prisoners.
	www.frif.com /new2001/pris.html (394 words)

	Release the Prisoners of Conscience (Refusniks) in Israel Petition
		Release the Prisoners of Conscience (Refusniks) in Israel Petition
		We, the undersigned demand the immediate release of the prisoners of conscience, and to enable them to perform alternative civilian service according to the dictates of their conscience.
		The Release the Prisoners of Conscience (Refusniks) in Israel Petition to The Government of Israel was created by The Refusenicks Parents’ Forum and written by Noam Kaminer.
	www.petitiononline.com /refuz/petition.html (402 words)

	Cuba: New Cases of Prisoners of Conscience and Possible Prisoners of Conscience
		Reports indicate that the prison doctor, who was one of the prosecution witnesses, may have been pressurized by State Security to testify against her.
		He started his sentence in Guamajal Prison but was later transferred to Manacas Prison, Santa Clara, Villa Clara province, where, according to reports received in early January 1998, he was continuing his fast and had been transferred to the prison infirmary.
		Her brother, prisoner of conscience Osmel Lugo Gutiérrez, who is vice-president of the same group and was arrested in May 1996, is serving a prison sentence of two years and six months for “disrespect”.
	www.fiu.edu /~fcf/newai98.html (4832 words)

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