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Topic: Private property

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	Property (ownership right) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Property is usually thought of in terms of a bundle of rights as defined and protected by the local sovereignty which itself, by definition, has "exclusive right to exercise supreme authority" concerning that property.
		Through property rights, Blackstone thought, which is why he emphasized that indemnification must be awarded a nonconsenting owner whose property is taken by eminent domain, and that a property owner is protected against physical invasion of his property by the laws of trespass and nuisance.
		Personal property in turn is divided into tangible property (such as cars, clothing, animals) and intangible or abstract property (patents, copyrights, trademarks, financial instruments such as stocks and bonds, etc.), which includes intellectual property (though some disagree with the use of the term intellectual property).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Private_property (3073 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Property
		Public property is intended to serve the interests of the community at large; private property, the interests of a limited circle.
		The property of a community remains private as long as that community is able to exclude outsiders from participating in its enjoyment.
		We shall prove first of all that, generally speaking, the institution of private property is necessary for human society and that it is consequently a postulate of the natural law; this established, it follows at once that the right of acquiring property is a natural right.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/12462a.htm (4935 words)

	The Right to Private Property by Tibor R. Machan - Essay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The right to private property would have no place in such a system, for such a right, properly protected, would make it possible for wealth to be spent on goals other than giving it to the poor—according to Unger, a violation of not just a moral but ideally a legal imperative.
		Property rights may not have been explicitly identified as such in ancient times, although the Old Testament ban on stealing is not far from the doctrine as understood later by Locke and other classical liberals.
		Property may be given to one we now regard a thief or to one from whom the thief stole, and overall social gain or loss would be the same, at least for the time being.
	www-hoover.stanford.edu /publications/epp/109/109b.html (7583 words)

	The Right to Private Property [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		One reason that it must be shown that the social regulative principle of a right to private property is sound and that it ought to be respected and protected in human community life is that it is a vital conceptual or logical implication of the individualist story.
		So the right to private property is the concrete manifestation of the possibility of responsible conduct in a community where there are lots of people who need to know what they ought to do and with what they ought to do it.
		There is an assumption underlying the right to private property, and indeed many other elements of classical liberalism or libertarianism, namely, that we have a task to live properly in the midst of a natural environment, a natural world.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/p/property.htm (8517 words)

	Private Property and Communism, Marx, 1844 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The antithesis between lack of property and property, so long as it is not comprehended as the antithesis of labour and capital, still remains an indifferent antithesis, not grasped in its active connection, in its internal relation, not yet grasped as a contradiction.
		The positive transcendence of private property as the appropriation of human life, is therefore the positive transcendence of all estrangement – that is to say, the return of man from religion, family, state, etc., to his human, i.e., social, existence.
		Private property has made us so stupid and one-sided that an object is only ours when we have it – when it exists for us as capital, or when it is directly possessed, eaten, drunk, worn, inhabited, etc., – in short, when it is used by us.
	www.marxists.org /archive/marx/works/1844/manuscripts/comm.htm (3759 words)

	Private property house sales and home search website allowing owners and estate agents across London and in the UK to ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Private house sales through property websites like Property Showroom are saving home owners millions in UK estate agent fees.
		In a few minutes you could have your UK property in front millions of home buyers a month on the UK's most visited property web sites.
		Choose Property Showroom today and a few minutes from now you could have your property in front of 2 million + buyers a month on the UK's most visited property web sites.
	www.propertyshowroom.co.uk (306 words)

	Private Property Rights Talking Points
		NAR believes that private property rights are the cornerstone of the real estate industry.
		NAR works to ensure that property owners are able to protect their rights in court.
		The Court called redevelopment a “public use” that justified the seizure of private properties so long as the owners are compensated.
	www.realtor.org /PublicAffairsWeb.nsf/Pages/TPPrivatePropertyRights?OpenDocument (333 words)

	Richard Pipes: Private Property, Freedom, and the Rule of Law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Some time ago, I concluded that the difference lay primarily in the weak and late development in Russia of private property, especially in agricultural land, which until the last century had provided the overwhelming bulk of its wealth.
		Western scholars have traditionally paid scant attention to the function of private property in the means of production because they simply took it for granted.
		By juxtaposing the historical evolution of England and Russia, the historian becomes aware of the importance of private property for the emergence of political and civil rights.
	www.hooverdigest.org /012/pipes.html (1950 words)

	ESR \| February 23, 2004 \| RS 2477 reform is needed to protect private property
		And since there is a vast array of other laws that can be used to create private easements for access (as opposed to public highways), inholders do not need to put their own property at risk.
		For example, private prescriptive easements can be created along roads that have been used for access over a period of time (the period depends on state law).
		If a private group declares a right-of-way across private property and forms a shovel brigade to keep it open without fear of prosecution, then trespassing laws become ineffective.
	www.enterstageright.com /archive/articles/0204/0204rs2477.htm (1012 words)

	Protecting Private Property Rights from Regulatory Takings
		As federal, state, and local regulations have increased in number and scope, property owners have increasingly found themselves unable to use their property and unable to recover the losses that result.
		That means that property owners, both large and small, bear the full costs of the public goods the regulations bring about, when in all fairness those costs should be borne by the public that orders those goods in the first place.
		When "property" means simply the underlying estate, however, then government can take all the uses that go with the property-- leaving the owner with the empty shell of ownership--and get out from under the compensation requirement.
	www.cato.org /testimony/ct-pi210.html (2592 words)

	Jonathan Adler on Private Property & Supreme Court on National Review Online
		The regulatory action was the equivalent of a forced leasehold whereby the landowners were required to cede their property to a government agency for the duration of the rule.
		Writing for the majority, Justice Stevens noted that a particularly oppressive moratorium might constitute a taking of private property in specific circumstances, but this would need to be determined on a case-by-case basis under what is known as the "Penn Central test" — a fact-intensive ad hoc legal inquiry under which landowners are rarely compensated.
		Moreover, although Tahoe landowners were "temporarily" barred from using their property for at least six years — some are still unable to develop — the Court only considered whether the first 32 months constituted a regulatory taking of private property requiring compensation under the Fifth Amendment.
	www.nationalreview.com /comment/comment-adler050102.asp (1287 words)

	How Private Property Saved the Pilgrims by Tom Bethell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Having tried what Bradford called the “common course and condition”—the communal stewardship of the land demanded of them by their investors—Bradford reports that the community was afflicted by an unwillingness to work, by confusion and discontent, by a loss of mutual respect, and by a prevailing sense of slavery and injustice.
		So the land they worked was converted into private property, which brought “very good success.” The colonists immediately became responsible for their own actions (and those of their immediate families), not for the actions of the whole community.
		In Plato’s ideal realm, private property would be abolished or curtailed and most inhabitants reduced to slavery, supervised by high-minded, ascetic guardians.
	www.hooverdigest.org /991/bethell.html (2233 words)

	PROTECTING PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS
		A "noxious use of private property" is one which does not necessarily rise to the level of a public nuisance, although it has the potential to inflict injury upon the community.
		The 1995 property rights legislation was intended to adjust the balance between private interests and government in the continuing friction between regulators and landowners over the use of land in Florida.
		Any regulation of private property was prohibited unless a statement analyzing the expected economic impact on regulated property was prepared by the regulator and made available to the public prior to adoption.
	www.law.fsu.edu /journals/lawreview/issues/232/powell.html (13577 words)

	Property Maintenance and Management Services - Central & Eastern Algarve, Portugal
		We dedicate ourselves to the maintenance and management of private properties purchased by foreign owners in Central and Eastern Algarve.
		If you own a property abroad, the chances are, you know how hard it is to find and manage a dependable person or company who will take care of the overall maintenance and management of your property.
		We ensure the continuous maintenance and management of your property and its equipment and personally guarantee it receives caring attention when you are not there.
	www.herisa.com (145 words)

	Private Property For Sale-Private Property Sales-Private Property Sales Uk-Private Property For Sale England (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		We don’t ask for a large upfront fee like most private property sale sites, we simply charge £ 9.99 a month to advertise your private house sale with us and ALL our partner sites.
		If you are already using an Estate Agent, the chances are you can still sell your house or property privately.
		Private Property People offers homes for sale by owner (fsbo) and private house sales.
	www.privatepropertypeople.com (341 words)

	Private property quotes & quotations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		"The law is not the private property of lawyers, nor is justice the exclusive province of judges and juries.
		"Private property began the instant somebody had a mind of his own.
		"As soon as the land of any country has all become private property, the landlords, like all other men, love to reap where they never sowed, and demand a rent even for its natural produce.
	en.thinkexist.com /quotes/with/keyword/private_property (240 words)

	Your Private Property (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Then people are told that it is right for a handful of private landowners to c ollect that publicly created rental value of land sites in the form of private unearned income.
		1) It is wrong for the government to confiscate private property as taxes.
		Earnings from labor and capital are private property and should not be taxed.
	www.progress.org /archive/saillard.htm (712 words)

	Home for Property Owners and RS 2477
		POSRP is a diverse group of private property owners seeking the quiet enjoyment of our own homes and property.
		As property owners our mission is to protect individual property owners' opportunities to own, use, and enjoy their property without fear from federal or governmental regulations processing rights-of-way or otherwise condemning property without just compensation.
		The right-of-way is not an apparent issue unless a property owner takes actions that limit access, or recreation users change their use of the property making the owners unwilling to allow access, or until the sale of a property which may raise the right-of-way as a cloud on the title of the property.
	www.posrp.org (818 words)

	PRIVATE PROPERTY AND COLLECTIVE OWNERSHIP
		One frequently hears the claim that there should be a redistribution of property on the grounds that its present division does not enable everyone to be a landowner and each one has the right to be a property owner.
		It is his property and he has the right to use it in the way which satisfies him.
		Just as these foreign companies will object to any expropriation by appealing to the sanctity of property, so the natives will blame their troubles on the system of private property itself, or they will attack foreign investment as something which is evil in itself.
	www.quebecoislibre.org /030607-3.htm (6427 words)

	Paragliding Forum - View topic - Private Property - new
		Property ownership is public information in California and you should be able to get the info from the County Tax Assessors office.
		Essentially it "limits" liability to landowner's when their property is used for recreational activities.
		It looks good on paper and may make the difference whether you could fly or not when dealing with a private land owener, but a lawyer friend of mine said that when push came to shove in a court it would be pretty useless...
	www.paraglidingforum.com /viewtopic.php?t=1683 (2251 words)

	Field Guide to Private Property Rights (NAR Information Central)
		The right to own property is the cornerstone of the real estate industry.
		Private property in the 21st century: The future of an American ideal
		Private rights to property: the foundation of freedom, prosperity and harmony
	www.realtor.org /libweb.nsf/pages/fg802 (524 words)

	China constitution to enshrine private property - Asia-Pacific - MSNBC.com
		China’s parliament is meeting in an annual session starting Friday to endorse the change, already approved by Communist Party leaders who tout privatization as a way to continue the country’s economic revolution and help tens of millions of poor Chinese.
		With their private property protected, businesses could use it as collateral to get loans.
		In 1999, the constitution was amended to declare private business an “important component” of the economy, not just a “complement” to state industry.
	msnbc.msn.com /id/4431348 (917 words)

	United Property Owners homepage of property rights informaiton. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		United Property Owners (UPO) is a nonpartisan, nonprofit umbrella organization representing more than 78,000 individual citizens, elected officials, local governments, property owner groups, small businesses, and trade associations from across the country, who joined together in 1989 in a mutual effort to defend our constitutionally guaranteed civil liberties and property rights.
		As a coalition of concerned citizens, UPO acts as your eyes, ears and voice in Washington, DC, working hard to defend the private property and civil rights of all citizens, taxpayers, and small business owners, Indians and non-Indians alike.
		Other important issues of concern are removal of millions of dollars of property from local tax rolls when purchased by tribal governments and the protection of private property and water rights for landowners and local governments.
	www.unitedpropertyowners.org (2314 words)

	Ranchers irked; not part of planning for trails on land
		County planners argued that by simply proposing a public trail, the county does not demonstrate designs on private land and that private property rights are not being threatened.
		But Locklin said the state would never invoke eminent domain to build a trail, nor could a trail be built across private property by any other means without the owner’s consent.
		"The state is not going to dictate to a private landowner where a trail is going to be or how we’re going to do it," she said.
	www.ptreyeslight.com /stories/feb17_05/trails.html (1057 words)

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