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Topic: Privatization

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	Web Site of the Department of State Property Management under the Government of the RA
		We understand the importance of private investment towards the development of a market economy in our country and encourage you to take advantage of some of the opportunities found here.
		It is noteworthy that, in accordance with Article 5.2 of the "Law of the Republic of Armenia on the Privatization of State Property", equal investment opportunities are afforded to both foreign and Armenian physical and/or legal entities.
		The Department of State Property Management under the Government of the Republic of Armenia is responsible for all privatization activity within Armenia and intends to use this Web Site as a major component of its information dissemination role.
	www.privatization.am (468 words)

	Privatization.org Database - What is Privatization? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A very broad term--but most simply, privatization is the transfer of assets or service delivery from the government to the private sector.
		Privatization runs a very broad range, sometimes leaving very little government involvement, and other times creating partnerships between government and private service providers where government is still the dominant player.
		Most definitions of privatization, though, are more expansive, covering virtually any action that involves exposing the operations of government to the pressures of the commercial marketplace.
	www.privatization.org /database/whatisprivatization.html (244 words)

	132 - Privatization in Africa
		Privatization in Africa is the outcome of a study undertaken during 1995 and 1996.
		Up to that time, privatization throughout the continent had been slow, with few visible results and a general feeling among observers and donors that African governments’ commitment to the process was generally half-hearted.
		Regarding the impact of privatization, clear benefits from privatization have been recorded in terms of the contribution to government financial flows and at the enterprise level where there is a definite trend for privatized enterprises to improve performance, largely as a result of new investment, which has a delayed positive effect on employment.
	www.worldbank.org /afr/findings/english/find132.htm (1561 words)

	Privatization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Privatization (sometimes privatisation, denationalization, or, especially in India, disinvestment) is the process of transferring property from public ownership to private ownership and/or transferring the management of a service or activity from the government to the private sector.
		Another argument for privatization is that to privatize a company which was non-profitable (or even generated severe losses) when state-owned means taking the burden of financing it off the shoulders and pockets of taxpayers, as well as freeing some national budget resources which may be subsequently used for something else.
		Privatization proposals in key public service sectors such as water and electricity are in many cases strongly opposed by opposition political parties and civil society groups.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Privatization (3482 words)

	Privatization - SourceWatch
		The worry is that private companies may increase the efficiency of the enterprise, but ignore social objectives in the bargain, such as keeping the cost of water and power affordable, or providing bus service in poor areas.
		These advocates suggest that essential services should not be privatized without greatly improved regulation by the state and participation by citizens to ensure that private firms are accountable to consumers and to the public at large (Kessler 2002:4-6, 8-12).
		For example, privatization often occurs at the same time as deregulation, and the effects of the two are not easily separated.
	www.sourcewatch.org /index.php?title=Privatization (2307 words)

	The Meaning of Privatization
		Public is to private as the transparent is to the opaque, as the announced is to the concealed.
		Privatization may have little impact on the efficiency of organizations already operated on a commercial basis, and the effect of privatizing more politicized organizations depends on their previous political uses, some of which may be eminently defensible.
		Privatization is a legitimate tool for sharpening the focus of government on those activities most important to the general welfare, but it is never simply efficiency that is at stake in such decisions.
	www.princeton.edu /~starr/meaning.html (11859 words)

	Privatization Category - PSD Blog - World Bank Group
		As with many privatizations elsewhere, there are questions as to whether the foreign investors have kept their side of the bargain… The problem in Bolivia is a lack of transparency, both when contracts are signed and afterwards.
		While privatization is associated with significant reductions in deaths from infectious and parasitic diseases, it is uncorrelated with deaths from causes unrelated to water conditions.
		Precise measurement of the size of the private sector is difficult, but a definition which considers as private all companies that are controlled neither by state nor collective shareholders suggests that the private sector was responsible for as much as 57% of the value-added produced by the non-farm business sector in 2003.
	psdblog.worldbank.org /psdblog/privatization (6570 words)

	Privatization, by Madsen Pirie: The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics: Library of Economics and Liberty
		Privatization is the process by which the production of goods or services is removed from the government sector of the economy.
		For this reason the formerly socialist economies found themselves forced to blaze a new trail of privatization, sometimes using the distribution of "coupons" to the population as a means of spreading ownership.
		Privatization contributed, in large measure, to the revival of confidence in capitalism and the market economy, evidenced by the large number of countries which turned in that direction, and to its eventual triumph over the rival system of central planning, controls, and state ownership.
	www.econlib.org /library/Enc/Privatization.html (2010 words)

	Free Privatization Essays
		The objectives and the process of privatization has to be rethought because democracy requires the fullest participation of all people in American society, not just those deemed to live...
		For some, the privatization of Russian industry has been one of the great success stories of Russia’s painful economic transition: quick, firm and radical action was taken to shift the great bulk of Russian industry out of state hands, thereby laying the basis for a radical restructuring of enterprises and improvements in their performance.
		It is a form of privatization, which is defined as any shift of activity or functions from the state to the private sect...
	www.123helpme.com /search.asp?text=Privatization (2228 words)

	:: Foreign Ministry - The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
		The main issues slowing down the privatization program included: the question of the absorptive capacity of the Jordanian financial market; public preferences on strategic or foreign ownership; and public perceptions of the impact of privatization on labor and consumer prices.
		Privatization is yielding additional direct fiscal benefits for the government, in the case of the Public Transport Corporation (PTC), the government will no longer have to make up the 2.1 million U.S. dollars of annual losses.
		With private investment, the number of public buses has increased dramatically over the past decade with more people (60,000 to 100,000) using them as a mode of transportation, while fares remained fixed.
	www.mfa.gov.jo /pages.php?menu_id=71 (1043 words)

	Reverse privatization - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Reverse privatization (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the UK, acts were passed nationalizing the Bank of England, coal, and most hospitals in 1946; transport and electricity in 1947; gas in 1948;; and iron and steel in 1949.
		With the advent of a Conservative government 1979, the process was reversed in the form of privatization.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Reverse+privatization (275 words)

	Privatization
		However, today even these exceptions are succumbing to “creeping privatization,” as the hyphen in “military-industrial complex” erodes, as members of Congress are clearly more beholden to their corporate sponsors (“contributors”) than to their constituents, and as “conservative” judges routinely rule that corporate “property rights” trump personal injury suits and civil liberties.
		The libertarian's error resides in their proposal that privatization, which is clearly the correct solution for some commons problems, is to be prescribed for all commons problems.
		Privatization and free enterprise, constrained by popular government, are fine ideals, the applications of which have undoubtedly yielded great benefits to mankind.
	gadfly.igc.org /progressive/8-private.htm (7723 words)

	AFT - Hot Topics - Privatization
		Privatization is "the act of reducing the role of government or increasing the role of the private sector in an activity or the ownership of assets." When people refer to privatization, they usually mean one of four types:
		Public employees represented by the AFT are often targeted by politicians and their jobs are threatened by privatization in areas from computer programming to foster care and road design.
		Nurses and healthcare workers in public hospitals and clinics are facing privatization as public support and resources dry up for their institutions.
	www.aft.org /topics/privatization/index.htm (271 words)

	Privatization « Economic « Issues « Society (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Meaning of Privatization - Article by Paul Starr, a Princeton professor who generally opposes privatization, attempting to clarify its meaning as an idea, as theory and rhetoric, and as a political practice.
		Privatize the DMV - Report presents the case for privatizing the Department of Motor Vehicles, and gives working models in other states.
		Privatization Center - Provides practical research and analysis, how-to guides, case studies, and reports designed to inform elected officials on how to streamline government.
	www.localadsearch.com /Society/Issues/Economic/Privatization (644 words)

	Privatization and The World Bank
		In addition, when state enterprises are sold to foreign multinationals, the money collected from the local population flows out of the country, and the government is deprived of a steady revenue source.
		This resulted in the privatization of the state electricity board which was taken over by AES corporation of the US in mid-1999 for US$10 million.
		The Mexican privatization program began in the wake of the Mexican debt crisis in 1982 when the IMF conditioned lending on privatization.
	www.whirledbank.org /development/private.html (859 words)

	Privatization \| Ministry of Economic Development of Georgia
		Privatization is a crucial component of this reform process.
		Privatization process was launched in Georgia in 1992, which had been preceded by enactment of the relevant laws.
		Major trends of the current privatization policy are an expedited transfer of the remaining enterprises into private ownership and a radical deregulation of the economy to mobilize private investments.
	www.privatization.ge /spp/eng (317 words)

	TomPaine.com - Back From The Dead: Privatization
		It is hard to believe, but the idea of privatizing Social Security, which most observers thought had been killed and buried, could return, Dracula-like, from the dead after the 2006 elections.
		They know how unpopular the idea of privatization has become, so they are going to try to get through this election by muttering a few platitudes about “strengthening” Social Security.
		When you add them together with pro-privatization challengers and open-seat candidates who might plausibly win, it is possible to imagine a new Congress with a majority of senators and representatives who want to follow Bush down the road to dismantling Social Security.
	www.tompaine.com /articles/2006/08/10/back_from_the_dead_privatization.php (887 words)

	Water Privatization - Fact Pack
		Here are examples where privatized water utilities have posed risks of rate hikes, negative economic impacts, inadequate customer service, and harm to natural resources.
		Private water companies are pushing for legislation to require cash-poor municipal governments to consider privatizing their waterworks in exchange for federal money.
		City officials, led by Mayor Ray Nagin, said they needed a private manager to keep water rates from skyrocketing and to meet federal mandates to overhaul the city’s sewer system, which is a major source of pollution.
	www.serconline.org /waterPrivatization/fact.html (2582 words)

	AFSCME - Privatization
		AFSCME is fighting hard to preserve quality public services, ensure that public service employees are treated fairly and hold elected officials accountable to the public.
		Prison Privatization: Don't be a prisoner to empty promises
		Shady Deals in the Sunshine State: The Florida Model of Privatization (PDF)
	www.afscme.org /issues/76.cfm (223 words)

	Michigan Privatization Report [Mackinac Center for Public Policy]
		MICHIGAN PRIVATIZATION REPORT is distributed to state senators and representatives and policy staff; department directors and staff; municipal officials and administrators; school superintendents and school board members.
		Additional copies are sent to Michigan radio and television news directors, print news editors and select industry leaders.
		MICHIGAN PRIVATIZATION REPORT is published biannually by the Mackinac Center for Public Policy, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, tax-exempt research and educational organization devoted to analyzing Michigan public policy issues.
	www.mackinac.org /pubs/mpr (125 words)

	Project on Social Security Choice 2
		A proponent of a national sales tax and the elimination of all federal and payroll taxes, Huckabee is also in favor of personal accounts and was a defender of Bush’s 2005 plan for partial privatization of the system.
		Gravel advocates investing privately and supports allowing beneficiaries to leave any remaining surplus benefits in individual accounts to heirs after their death.
		I'm going to save you the trouble of reading all 218 pages of the Social Security Administration's "2007 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees" by summing up the dizzying details in six words: Social Security is still going broke.
	rd.business.com /index.asp?epm=s.1&bdcq=Privatization&bdcr=3&bdcu=http://www.socialsecurity.org/&bdcp=&partner=2662601&bdcs=nwuuid-2662601-15A32F6F-5BA9-9811-8ACE-C99B4099C02F-ym (2242 words)

	Macedonia FAQ: Privatization in the Republic of Macedonia
		It is perceived as a vehicle for increasing the efficiency of the economy, since it is believed that higher efficiency in an enterprise can be achieved with dominant owners, who care and who are committed to preserve and increase the value of their shares in the company.
		The primary objective of the privatization process, therefore, is to increase the efficiency of the economy through the conversion of enterprises with "social capital" into enterprises with defined ownership.
		Rather than a top-down approach, enterprises themselves are responsible to propose the privatization model they wish to follow, to prepare all the documentation and to carry it out according to the law and under the supervision of the Agency.
	faq.macedonia.org /economy/privatization.html (2106 words)

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