Problem-solving - Factbites

Problem-solving - Factbites
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Topic: Problem-solving

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	Problem solving - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Instead, these researchers have frequently focused on the development of problem solving within a certain domain, that is on the development of expertise (e.g.
		There are several methods of studying problem solving, including; introspection, behaviorism, simulation and computer modeling, and experimental methods.
		Problem solving in electronics (Lesgold and Lajoie, 1991)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Problem_solving (958 words)

	Standards for School Mathematics: Problem Solving
		Problem solving means engaging in a task for which the solution is not known in advance.
		Problem solving should not be an isolated part of the curriculum but should involve all Content Standards.
		Problem solving is an integral part of all mathematics learning.
	standards.nctm.org /document/chapter3/prob.htm (375 words)

	Problem-solving
		Problem states will generally involve objects, which are the elements of the situation that are invariant under actions, and properties or predicates, which are the variable attributes of the objects.
		Problem representations are usually also models of the situation as experienced by the agent.
		A problem is a situation which is experienced by an agent as different from the situation which the agent ideally would like to be in.
	pespmc1.vub.ac.be /PROBSOLV.html (977 words)

	Synthesis of Research on Problem Solving
		Problem solving as a method of teaching may be used to accomplish the instructional goals of learning basic facts, concepts, and procedures, as well as goals for problem solving within problem contexts.
		However, constructivism is consistent with current cognitive theories of problem solving and mathematical views of problem solving involving exploration, pattern finding, and mathematical thinking (36,15,20); thus we urge that teachers and teacher educators become familiar with constructivist views and evaluate these views for restructuring their approaches to teaching, learning, and research dealing with problem solving.
		Finally, problem solving must be in the school mathematics curriculum to allow students to develop the art of problem solving.
	jwilson.coe.uga.edu /emt725/PSsyn/PSsyn.html (7645 words)

	Decision Making and Problem Solving, by Herbert A. Simon
		Human problem solving is usually studied in laboratory settings, using problems that can be solved in relatively short periods of time (seldom more than an hour), and often seeking a maximum density of data about the solution process by asking subjects to think aloud while they work.
		In the 1950s and 1960s, research on problem solving focused on clearly structured puzzle-like problems that were easily brought into the psychological laboratory and that were within the range of computer programming sophistication at that time.
		Problem solving was initially studied principally by psychologists, and more recently by researchers in artificial intelligence.
	www.dieoff.org /page163.htm (8402 words)

	Problem solving for 3rd-4th to 12th grade
		Apply the reliable problem solving process shown in these examples to the word problems in any text or other teaching material and become an expert problem solver.
		In this way, problem solving using algebra can be introduced in a natural way at appropriate levels.
		The sources referenced provide additional problems and problem solving instruction.
	www.hawaii.edu /suremath/k4_12dir/k4_12menu.html (4432 words)

	Information
		This is the result of the evolution of the lessons that have been written for problem solving, a recognition that problem solving plays a similar role to the non-process Strands, and a reflection of the basic nature of mathematics and the way it is created.
		Problem solving is part of the Mathematical Processes Strand of the New Zealand Mathematics Curriculum.
		In this web-site every time we use the term ‘problem solving’ we mean mathematical problem solving.
	www.nzmaths.co.nz /PS/Info/Information.htm (692 words)

	Solving Problems in Physics
		The "solved problems" in your book are extraordinarily valuable and they deserve your careful study, but they represent the end product of a problem solving session and they rarely show the process involved in reaching that end product.
		The problems and examinations in this physics course exercise not only your knowledge of physics but also your skill in solving problems.
		The classic exploration of mathematical problem solving technique is
	www.oberlin.edu /physics/dstyer/SolvingProblems.html (2690 words)

	Fifty Problem Solving Strategies
		Solving a problem usually involves doing something.So, use deductive and inductive reasoning and the scientific method to choose one or more options to implement.
		Often the problem solving methods we used and the actual solutions we found effective in the past can work to solve a current problem.
		Some problems require the right tool, which could be a hammer, a computer, or a metal detector.So whenever you have a problem to solve, consider whether some type of technology might help you.
	www.une.edu.au /psychology/staff/malouff/problem.htm (1459 words)

	Introduction to Problem Solving
		There are two basic approaches to solving problems, one where the cause or source of the problem is attacked and the other where the effects or symptoms of the problem are attacked.
		Problem solving is a recursive process; you must continually go back and forth between steps and do some parts again.
		One of the most frequent failures of problem solving is the lack of evaluation of the implemented solution.
	www.virtualsalt.com /crebook3.htm (5773 words)

	Problem Solving
		Strategies for Problem Solving: Have your students write, or cut and paste the problem in their Problem Solving Notebook.
		Converting word problems into equations and solving the equations.
		Teaching: Teaching the strategies for solving problem solving is as important as the answer.
	abcteach.com /directory/basics/math/problem_solving (459 words)

	Amazon.com: Problem-Solving Strategies (Problem Books in Mathematics): Books: Arthur Engel
		The problems are selected to illustrate techniques in difficult and non-routine problem solving using problems from past IMO, Tournament of the Towns non Calculus Putnam problems and National competitions from many countries.
		PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES is a unique collection of competition problems from over twenty major national and international mathematical competitions for high school students.
		The discussion of problem solving strategies is extensive.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0387982191?v=glance (1219 words)

	problem solving 1
		Because this is a real problem solving situation, your group will need to actively search for the information necessary to solve the problem.
		The problem statement may have to be revised as new information is discovered and brought to bear on the situation.
		Some problems may not require hypotheses, instead a recommended solution or opinion (based on your research data) may be appropriate.
	www.cotf.edu /ete/pbl.html (395 words)

	Problem Solving Strategies
		This may seem obvious but it is easy to jump straight into solving a problem before you really understand it.
		I know that is easy to say, but problem solving is all about coming up against some thing you don't quite understand.
		Understanding a simple version of a problem often is the first step to understanding a whole lot more of it.
	www.mav.vic.edu.au /PSTC/general/strategy.htm (495 words)

	EMAT 4600/6600 Page
		This is the web site page devoted to EMAT 4600/6600 Problem Solving in Mathematics, at the University of Georgia, as led by Jim Wilson.
		Wilson, J. W., Fernandez, M. L., and Hadaway, N. Mathematical problem solving.
		Problems and explorations are included for using Heron's formula.
	jwilson.coe.uga.edu /emt725/EMT725.html (397 words)

	Learning and Cognition Web Quest
		Problem solving is the process by which one tries to achieve a goal when the path to the goal
		problem solving strategy and the cognitive processes involved in these strategies.
		of research which may explain the processes that take place in solving problems.
	hometown.aol.com /jess3707/webquest.html (415 words)

	Problem Solving
		There are many approaches to problem solving, depending on the nature of the problem and the people involved in the problem.
		The activities of problem solving and decision making are closely intertwined, so the reader will often find mention of the two topics together.
		Structured Development of Problem Solving Methods (somewhat advanced and abstract)
	www.managementhelp.org /prsn_prd/prob_slv.htm (298 words)

	mezzoblue § CSS Problem-Solving
		To that end, the CSS Crib Sheet was meant to aid the process of debugging, and it covers a few points, but I realized this morning that there are some tricks I use to diagnose a problem that don’t show up on any resource guides.
		One of the biggest problems I’ve faced is visualizing what exactly is happening, and why.
		Reduce and isolate the problem as much as you can, to make sure other elements aren’t having a deleterious effect.
	www.mezzoblue.com /archives/2004/03/10/css_problems/index.php (690 words)

	Creative Problem-Solving
		By solving the problem yourself, you become less dependent on experts, authorities, technical super-beings, perhaps even to the extent that those people will be reduced to human proportions.
		While solving the problem, you will place your personal stamp on the end product, thereby creating a personal expression that cannot be erased by time.
		In solving the problem, you may create a more efficient solution than anyone has before you (translation: nature might smile on you).
	www.arachnoid.com /lutusp/crashcourse.html (1910 words)

	Kinematic Equations and Problem-Solving
		The two example problems above illustrate how the kinematic equations can be combined with a simple problem-solving strategy to predict unknown motion parameters for a moving object.
		The use of this problem-solving strategy in the solution of the following problem is modeled in Examples A and B below.
		The solution to this problem begins by the construction of an informative diagram of the physical situation.
	www.glenbrook.k12.il.us /gbssci/phys/Class/1DKin/U1L6b.html (1101 words)

	IPSC - Internet Problem Solving Contest
		Usually this means that you will write a program that solves the problem, but you may produce the output by hand or in any other way.
		To solve a problem you will have to compute correct output data for the given input data sets.
		Several problems will be published at the beginning of the competition.
	ipsc.ksp.sk (171 words)

	The Math Forum - Math Library - Problem-Solving
		Examples of problems solved using reliable problem solving methods; discussion of the principles of reliable problem solving; a FAQ; and an evolving encyclopedia of solved problems in mathematics, physics, and chemistry.
		Pages on Word Problem Solving Strategies explore multiple step problems logical reasoning, choosing a calculation method, problems with more than one answer, deciding when to estimate, using data from a chart, and more.
		Self-scoring problems, new with every click, to gauge a student's preparedness for college level math: operations, solving for a variable, solving linear equations, word problems, solving absolute value equations, solving inequalities, distance between...more>>
	mathforum.org /library/topics/problem_solving (1996 words)

	UMUC-Verizon Virtual Resource Site -- Module 1: Examples of Problem Solving
		This site demonstrates how the massing of sources used in traditional archival research may be used in an online environment to stimulate historical interpretation, problem solving, and the formulation of questions about evidence and context.
		UMUC-Verizon Virtual Resource Site -- Module 1: Examples of Problem Solving
		This page includes examples of Web-enabled problem solving from the fields of
	www.umuc.edu /virtualteaching/module1/problems.html (702 words)

	TIP: Concepts
		Theories of problem-solving are dominated by the work of Newell and Simon on GPS (General Problem Solver).
		The Gestalt psychologist Wertheimer also conducted research on problem-solving and emphasized the importance of understanding the structure (i.e., the relationship among parts) of the problem.
		The issue of transfer is highly relevant to problem solving.
	tip.psychology.org /problem.html (246 words)

	Creative Problem Solving
		Creative problem solving attempts to be pragmatic and concrete: environments that are restrictive or needlessly judgmental should not be perpetuated in the name of some ideology that seeks to preserve the human struggle for its alleged heroic or identity value.
		Problem solving is more effective and more sensitive to the contextual demands of problems, and there is less risk of producing side effects, where the procedure conforms to the problem rather than where the procedure forces the problem to adopt a shape that is easy for the procedure.
		Creative problem solving is thus offered as a more flexible alternative which will better respect the human context of legal problems, and at the same time serve as a catalyst in redesigning environments that are conducive to solutions.
	legal-method.com /creative.htm (10281 words)

	Mathematical Problems - Problem Solving - Mathematical Competitions
		21st Century Problem Solving Solutions to solving word problems across the curriculum.
		Mathmania MathMania is a live call-in shows for students with homework problems sponsored by Enid Rotary Club.
		The 3x+1 problem and its generalizations The 3x+1 problem, also known as the Collatz problem, the Syracuse problem, Kakutani's problem, Hasse's algorithm, and Ulam's problem -- by Jeff Lagarias
	mathres.kevius.com /problem.html (384 words)

	Problem Solving
		Although this site is not designed specifically for students, it can definitely engage them in parallel problem solving.
		Below are many examples of curriculum-based projects designed usingProblem Solving activity structures.
		Students work on "collaborative projects to study the problems involved in the design of a manned mission to the Red Planet." The site includes "courses" on topics like Mars basics and space medicine, a trajectory calculator, and a guidebook on scientific design.
	virtual-architecture.wm.edu /Telecollaboration/problemsolving.html (5289 words)

	Problem Solving Environments Home Page
		By exploiting modern technologies such as interactive color graphics, powerful processors, and networks of specialized services, PSEs can track extended problem solving tasks and allow users to review them easily.
		Welcome to the Problem Solving Environments Home Page
		This site contains information about Problem Solving Environments (PSEs), research, publications, and related topics.
	www-cgi.cs.purdue.edu /cgi-bin/acc/pses.cgi (196 words)

	Creative problem solving - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Creative problem solving begins when knowledge and simply thinking about a problem fails.
		The algorithm (known as ARIZ) is a set of steps for problem solving.
		Insight often occurs when one turns away from the problem, anecdotal evidence often recounting instances where inspiration arrived in a dream or other altered state when the problem was not the focus of attention.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Creative_problem_solving (388 words)

	Wikinfo Creativity
		Several approaches have been proposed, ranging from psychological-cognitive such as Synectics, Purdue Creative Thinking Program, lateral thinking (initially developed by Edward de Bono), to the highly structured such as TRIZ, the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, and ARIZ an Algorithm for Invention, both by the Russian scientist Genrich Altshuller.
		Creativity is a central question in economics where it is known as ingenuity or individual capital - capacities individuals have that do not arise from simple imitation of what is known already.
		Creativity is the ability of a person to be creative, participate in creating or be useful in a creative network of other people.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Creativity (673 words)

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Topic: Problem-solving

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