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	Oceanus Procellarum - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Procellarum is the largest of the lunar maria, stretching 2500 kilometers across its north-south axis and covering roughly 4,000,000 km
		To the northeast, Oceanus Procellarum is separated from Mare Imbrium by the Carpathian Mountains.
		The unmanned lunar probes Surveyor 1, Surveyor 3, Luna 9 and Luna 13 landed in Oceanus Procellarum.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Oceanus_Procellarum (384 words)

	OCEANUS PROCELLARUM FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Unlike the other lunar maria, however, Procellarum is not contained within a single well-defined impact basin (although much of it is within the Procellarum_Basin).
		To the northeast, Oceanus Procellarum is separated from Mare_Imbrium by the Carpathian Mountains.
		The unmanned lunar probes Surveyor_1, Surveyor_3, Luna_9 and Luna_13 landed in Oceanus Procellarum.
	www.marlinmall.com /Oceanus_Procellarum (326 words)

	Mare Cognitum - Wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Mare Cognitum (the "sea that has become known") is a lunar mare located in a basin or large crater which sits in the sencond ring of the Procellarum basin.
		The basin material is of the Lower Imbrian[?] epoch, while the basaltic mare material is of the Upper Imbrian[?] epoch.
		To the northwest of the mare is the Montes Riphaeus mountain range, part of the rim of the buried crater or basin containing the mare.
	www.classicalenthusiast.com /wikipedia/ma/Mare_Cognitum.html (87 words)

	Oceanus Procellarum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Oceanus Procellarum, Latin for "Ocean of Storms", is a vast lunar mare on the western edge of the near side of Earth 's Moon.
		Procellarum is the largest ofthe lunar maria, stretching 2500 kilometers across its north-south axis and covering roughly 4,000,000 km
		Like all lunar maria, Oceanus Procellarum was formed by ancient basaltic flood volcanic eruptions that covered the region in a thick, nearly flat layer ofsolidified magma.
	www.therfcc.org /oceanus-procellarum-34049.html (174 words)

	Mare Tranquillitatis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mare Tranquillitatis ("sea of tranquillity") is a lunar mare that sits within the Tranquillitatis basin on Earth's moon.
		The mare material within the basin consists of basalt in the intermediate to young age group of the Upper Imbrian epoch.
		The irregular topography in and near this basin results from the intersection of the Tranquillitatis, Nectaris, Crisium, Fecunditatis, and Serenitatis basins with two throughgoing rings of the Procellarum basin.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mare_Tranquillitatis (672 words)

	Oceanus Procellarum -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Procellarum is the largest of the lunar maria, stretching 2500 kilometers across its north-south axis and covering roughly (additional info and facts about 4,000,000 km
		Unlike the other lunar maria, however, Procellarum is not contained within a single well-defined impact basin (although much of it is within the (additional info and facts about Procellarum Basin) Procellarum Basin).
		To the northeast, Oceanus Procellarum is separated from (additional info and facts about Mare Imbrium) Mare Imbrium by the (A mountain range in central Europe that extends from Slovakia and southern Poland southeastward through western Ukraine to northeastern Romania; a popular resort area) Carpathian Mountains.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/o/oc/oceanus_procellarum.htm (233 words)

	Irene Antonenko, Ph.D. Thesis: Chapter 4
		The ejecta deposits of Crisium basin are, therefore, expected to blanket the Smythii region and the rugged plains that occupy the area between the inner and outer rings of Smythii basin may represent this ejecta material.
		The Mendel-Rydberg basin is a Nectarian aged basin that is approximately 630 km in diameter [Wilhelms, 1987].
		This pre-Nectarian basin is approximately 620 km in diameter [Wilhelms, 1987].
	home.the-wire.com /~iant/Thesis/chapter4/chapt4.html (18788 words)

	Observing the Sky » Lunar Basins & their Names
		Basins are the largest craters on the Moon, but they weren’t recognized because nearly all of the ones on the Earth-ward facing hemisphere are filled with mare lava flows.
		Basins are giant craters larger than 300 km that have two or more concentric rims and no central peak.
		This 930 km basin just over the western limb of the Moon is a beautiful bulls-eye 3 ring basin, with rings clearly visible because only small amounts of lava have reached the surface.
	www.observingthesky.org /index.php?p=85 (680 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Hertzsprung basin is believed to be younger than the Humorum basin to the east because of the relatively sharp appearance of some of its rings and the common occurrence though somewhat degraded form, of its secondary craters; Humorum secondary craters have not been recognized.
		The Orientale basin has an intermediate location on the west limb between mare and farside terra; this is reflected by its gravity response, a broad low area encircling a central high.
		Orientale, the last multiringed basin, was formed early in lunar history during the waning stages of high impact flux by a large body probably impacting the surface obliquely from the northeast.
	webgis.wr.usgs.gov /downloads/digeol/moon/1034/lwtxt.doc (5689 words)

	[No title]
		The depressed central parts of the basins and the concentric troughs which lie between successive rings are completely or partly filled with dark plains material (mare) which is younger than the basins and which appears to have been emplaced in a fluid and probably molten state.
		The general circularity of the basins, the textural similarity of the materials of the ring structures, and the regularity of the ring spacing suggest a common origin.
		Alternative explanations for the multi-ring basins calling for an internal origin (Spurr, 1944; Green, in Oriti and Green, 1967) are inadequate because of failure to account for all of the basinsÕ observable properties, relative ages, and relations to subjacent and superposed units such as the maria.
	astrogeology.usgs.gov /Projects/PlanetaryMapping/DIGGEOL/moon/703/lnrtxt.asc (4174 words)

	Improved Gravity Field of the Moon from Lunar Prospector -- Konopliv et al. 281 (5382): 1476 -- Science
		The new nearside mascon basins are denoted with solid circles and the new farside mascons with dashed circles.
		Procellarum Basin (fl region with TT > 220 km at 50°W, 20°N) and the center of South Pole-Aitken Basin are areas of maximum Airy depth.
		Thus, the mascon anomalies are the result of the combination of the dense mantle plug and the basin fill (20).
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/full/281/5382/1476 (3177 words)

	Untitled
		Oceanus Procellarum consists of a patchwork of lava flows that erupted around 3.9 billion years ago, burying more ancient structures beneath several kilometres of basaltic exudate.
		The complicated structure of Procellarum was dramatically revealed in images taken at different wavelengths by the Clementine probe during its lunar survey in 1994.
		Some dorsa, like those that lie radial to Aristarchus in Procellarum, may be piles of ejecta or redistributed surface material shaped by the blast of the Aristarchus impact.
	website.lineone.net /~petergrego/mwdec98.htm (486 words)

	Catalog Page for PIA00090
		The plateau was probably uplifted, tilted, and fractured by the Imbrium basin impact, which also deposited hummocky ejecta on the plateau surface.
		This asymmetry is apparent in the colors of the ejecta as seen in this image, which is reddish to the southeast, dominated by excavated mare lava, and bluish to the northwest, caused by the excavation of highland materials in the plateau.
		Don Wilhelms (Geologic History of the Moon, USGS Professional Paper, 1984) proposed that the giant Procellarum basin entirely removed the upper anorthositic crust from the north-central nearside of the Moon.
	photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov /catalog/PIA00090 (586 words)

	Irene Antonenko, Ph.D. Thesis: Chapter 1
		The Schiller-Schickard area is located approximately 1400 km southeast from the center of the Orientale basin, between the craters Schiller and Schickard (Figures 1, 4, 7).
		Several lines of evidence, such as the exposure of a large highland area around the crater Mersenius, the presence of a non-dark-haloed crater within the primary cryptomafic area, and the shape of the main, western boundary of the cryptomafic deposit, suggest that these early volcanics were emplaced in an area of rough, heavily cratered, topography.
		The area west of Oceanus Procellarum is located approximately 950 km north-east of the center of Orientale basin, occupying the area near the shores of Oceanus Procellarum, between the craters Grimaldi and Einstein, with some extensions further west (Figures 1, 4, 14).
	home.the-wire.com /~iant/Thesis/chapter1/chapt1.html (11158 words)

	Oceanus Procellarum : Procellarum basin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		terms defined : Oceanus Procellarum : Procellarum basin
		Unlike the other lunar maria, however, Procellarum isn't contained within an impact basin.
		All is still licensed under the GNU FDL.
	www.termsdefined.net /pr/procellarum-basin.html (402 words)

	Mare Frigoris - Wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Mare Frigoris (the "sea of cold") is located just north of Mare Imbrium, and stretches east to north of Mare Serenitatis.
		The mare is in the outer rings of the Procellarum basin.
		The basin material surrounding the mare is of the Lower Imbrian[?] epoch, while the eastern mare material is of the Upper Imbrian[?] epoch, and the western mare material is of the Eratosthenian[?] epoch.
	www.classicalenthusiast.com /wikipedia/ma/Mare_Frigoris.html (79 words)

	Geological Society of America - A Moonwalker's Perspective 30 Years Later: Harrison Schmitt to Offer “Shocking ...
		Similarly, many scientists agree that the Moon’s 50 or so basins greater than 300km in diameter, as well as most other ancient lunar craters, were formed at about the same time by an apparent "cataclysm" 3.9 billion years ago.
		The 2500km diameter basin on the far-side of the Moon, known as South Pole-Aitken, records an impact of an extraordinarily energetic object near the end of the period of smaller scale saturation cratering that followed the solidification of the lunar crust.
		Early impacts of the scale of South Pole-Aitken and Procellarum, occurring in water-rich environments such as the Earth and Mars, would create thick sheets of impact generated rock melt on a continental scale.
	www.geosociety.org /news/pr/02-46.htm (941 words)

	Reading list for class on 02-03-03
		We have adjusted the topics to be treated on the basis of the discussions in the first class meeting, specifically focusing on impact basins, lunar chronology from samples, and crater size-frequency distributions applied to key events in the history of the Moon.
		(3) Wilhelms, D. E., Basin materials — Orientale, in: The geologic history of the Moon, USGS Prof.
		(6) Whitaker, E. A., The lunar Procellarum basin, Proc.
	www.planetary.brown.edu /planetary/geo287/Read_02-03-03.html (746 words)

	Recent Abstracts - Gillis, Haskin, Jolliff, Korotev, Kuebler, & Wang
		South Pole-Aitken Basin and the Composition of the Lunar Crust
		Thorium anomalies in the NW quadrant of the South Pole-Aitken basin
		The Imbrium and Serenitatis basins: Impacts in an anomalous lunar province
	epsc.wustl.edu /admin/research/nuthatch.html (2288 words)

	[No title]
		Even larger basins are surrounded by circular mountain chains (multiringed basins, Mare Orientale).
		Alpine Valley (N) (150x10 km) is a tectonic graben formed at the Imbrium Basin impact, with later volcanic flooding and a lava channel (rille).
		Rims of large impact basins or the outcrops of the ancient terra, flooded around by younger lavas.
	emc.elte.hu /~hargitai/hold/translation-int.doc (572 words)

	p21a in sm01
		The existence of a relationship between impact basins and mare basalt eruptions has been suggested by many investigators; in particular, large impacts are thought to have removed enough of the low-density crustal lid that heavier, liquid mare basalts could erupt.
		Both centroids are near the center of a suggested Procellarum basin, given by Whitaker [1981] at +23.0 degree latitude and 15 degree west longitude.
		The lack of correlation between the compensated terrain gravity effects and the terrain-decorrelated free-air components was interpreted for a Moho that may involve over 120 km of relief assuming the lunar crust was mainly compensated by its thickness variations with a density contrast of -0.5 g/cm$^3$ relative to the mantle.
	www.agu.org /cgi-bin/SFgate/SFgate?&listenv=table&multiple=1&range=1&directget=1&application=sm01&database=/data/epubs/wais/indexes/sm01/sm01&maxhits=200&="P21A" (4051 words)

	NEEP533 Lecture #10 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		This period of old large basin formation, however, triggered a strengthening of the crust as indicated by the presence of nearly four billion year old mass concentrations in younger large basins.
		The non-mare dark albedo surfaces within the basin (some iron, little titanium, small amounts of potassium and thorium based on Clementine and Lunar Prospector sensing) may be related to impact melts, related to both South Pole-Aiken and younger large basins within its borders, of mixtures of anothositic crust and splash intrusions.
		The ejecta of young large basins was studied and sampled by Apollo 17 in the Valley of Taraus-Littrow, a radial valley that cuts the rim of the Serenitatis Basin.
	fti.neep.wisc.edu /neep533/LEC10/lecture10.html (5413 words)

	Re: [meteorite-list] fire flies or flying fires
		Since it is likely that the Moon was not yet tidally locked when the basins formed, I don't see the effects of the Earth as having contributed in an obvious way to their formation.
		the earliest basins are relicts of the earliest impacts and are obscured
		Indeed, Imbrium appears to be one of the youngest basins in the solar
	www.mail-archive.com /meteorite-list@meteoritecentral.com/msg35926.html (1251 words)

	Major Lunar Maria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		On the farside, such basin filling volcanism is rare.
		Still, these basins contain both the lowest surfaces and the thinnest crust.
		Thus, mare volcanism is most likely inside these basins, especially where younger craters have dug into the basin floor.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/planet_volcano/lunar/mare/mlm.html (216 words)

	Luna
		The Luna 9 spacecraft was the first spacecraft to achieve a lunar soft landing and to transmit photographic data to Earth.
		The petal encasement of the spacecraft was opened, antennas were erected, and radio transmissions to Earth began four minutes after the landing.
		Luna 17 / Lunokhod have landed on the Sea of Storms on the moon.
	www.astronautix.com /project/luna.htm (4361 words)

	Mare Cognitum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Mare Cognitum is located in a basin or large crater which sits in the sencond ring of the Procellarum basin.
		The mare formations are of the Upper Imbrian epoch, while the surrounding basin material is of the Lower Imbrian epoch.
		These mountains are a part of the rim crest of the buried crater or basin, containing the mare.
	lunar.arc.nasa.gov /science/atlas/mare/mcognitum.htm (97 words)

	luna
		The Procellarum basin was soon formed (about 4.3 billion years ago) followed by the Tranquillitatis, Fecunditatis and Nubium basins.
		The Nectarian Period began 3.9 billion years ago when the Nectaris basin was formed and soon followed by the Humboldtianum, Humorum, Crisium and Serenitatis basins.
		The Imbrian Period began 3.8 billion years ago when the Imbrium basin was formed followed by the Orientale basin, which in turn was followed by great lava flows that filled the Tranquillitatis, Fecunditatis and Crisium basins 3.5 billion years ago with layer upon layer of "runny" basaltic lava.
	homepage.fcgnetworks.net /rduch/luna.htm (713 words)

	Global distribution of lunar composition: New results from Lunar Prospector
		Both centroids are near the center of a suggested Procellarum basin, given by
		This suggestion is strengthened by a sharp decrease of the intensities of all three variables at ∼50° from the centroids, which is close to the boundary of the putative Procellarum basin.
		A second, apparently older circular structure having its center near −5° latitude and 65° east longitude and a radius of 50° is also hinted at in the data.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2002/2001JE001506.shtml (359 words)

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