
	Where results make sense

Topic: Product cipher

Related Topics

Atbash

Monoalphabetic substitution cipher

Substitution cipher

Feistel cipher

Autokey cipher

Block cipher modes of operation

Transposition cipher

Blowfish (cipher)

Avalanche effect

Confusion and diffusion

Twofish

Key schedule

XSL attack

Serpent (cipher)

NewDES

	Business Wire: Cipher Systems Committed to Using Microsoft .NE... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Cipher's flagship product, Knowledge.Works, is being redesigned from the ground up on the Microsoft.NET platform, the leading platform for developing and deploying XML Web services.
		Cipher, established in 1996 and based in Annapolis, MD, is the pioneer of innovative competitive intelligence and knowledge management applications and consulting worldwide.
		Cipher's Knowledge.Works product is a multi-platform database and workflow tool chosen by intelligence professionals around the world.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:82776701&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (373 words)

	Cryptography FAQ (05/10: Product Ciphers)
		Message-ID: X-Last-Updated: 1994/07/05 Newsgroups: sci.crypt, talk.politics.crypto Subject: Cryptography FAQ (05/10: Product Ciphers) From: crypt-comments@math.ncsu.edu Reply-To: crypt-comments@math.ncsu.edu Date: 19 Mar 2003 10:52:36 GMT Archive-name: cryptography-faq/part05 Last-modified: 94/06/07 This is the fifth of ten parts of the sci.crypt FAQ.
		A product cipher is a block cipher that iterates several weak operations such as substitution, transposition, modular addition/multiplication, and linear transformation.
		The so-called Feistel ciphers are a class of product ciphers which operate on one half of the ciphertext at each round, and then swap the ciphertext halves after each round.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/cryptography-faq/part05 (2844 words)

	THE WW-II ENCRYPTION ERA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Intuitively, if one takes a cipher and runs it again into the same, similar or dissimilar encryption cycle, then the outcome would be 'further away' from the plaintext.
		In pre WW-II era product ciphers were desirable but not too practical because of the manual burden they imposed on the intended reader.
		The intuitive desirability of product ciphers locked in the letter for letter paradigm, because only by keeping that paradigm would it be possible to take a cipher and treat it as a plaintext to create another cipher, and then repeat the process again and again.
	www.tryagain.com /infocomm/ww2era.htm (681 words)

	Product cipher -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		While the individual operations are not themselves secure, it is hoped that a sufficiently long chain would imbue the cipher with sufficient (Click link for more info and facts about confusion and diffusion) confusion and diffusion properties as to make it resistant to (The science of analyzing and deciphering codes and ciphers and cryptograms) cryptanalysis.
		The concept of product ciphers is due to (United States electrical engineer who pioneered mathematical communication theory (1916-2001)) Claude Shannon, who presented the idea in his foundational paper, (Click link for more info and facts about Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems) Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems.
		A product cipher that uses only substitutions and permutations is called a (Click link for more info and facts about SP-network) SP-network.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pr/product_cipher.htm (163 words)

	Cryptology
		The simplest substitution cipher is one where the alphabet of the cipher is merely a shift of the plaintext alphabet, for example, A might be encrypted as B, C as D and so forth.
		However, even though running-key ciphers eliminate periodicity it is still possible to cryptanalyse them by means of several methods, however the job of the cryptanalyst is made much harder and a cryptanalyst would require a much larger segment of ciphertext to solve a running-key cipher than one with a repeating key.
		Because the product of the two transpositions is also a transposition, the effect of multiple transpositions is to define a complex route through the matrix which would not by itself by easy to define with a simply remembered mnemonic.
	www.ridex.co.uk /cryptology (10089 words)

	The Dynamic Substitution Combiner
		An alternate approach to the design of a secure stream cipher is to seek combining functions which can resist attack; such functions would act to hide the pseudo-random sequence from analysis [42, 43, 44].
		This internal state data must be initialized before ciphering, and is continuously re-ordered as a consequence of both incoming data streams; thus, the internal state is a function of initialization and all subsequent data and confusion values.
		Alternately, by making the domain and range of the substitution maps (f and f^-1) the same, dynamic substitution can be used in a product cipher [41], as one element in a chain or network of ciphering functions or modules.
	www.ciphersbyritter.com /ARTS/DYNSUB2.HTM (4264 words)

	ipedia.com: Block cipher Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In cryptography, a block cipher is a type of symmetric key cipher which operates on groups of bits of a fixed length, termed blocks.
		This is in contrast to stream ciphers which encrypt each bit of the plaintext individually before moving on to the next.
		Most block ciphers are constructed by composing several simpler functions — an iterated block cipher (see also Product cipher).
	www.ipedia.com /block_cipher.html (627 words)

	Synaptic Soup - Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Cipher is a complete technology solution for developers working on the current and next wave of gaming hardware.
		Cipher has already attracted some of the industry's biggest names, with NVidia recently choosing the Cipher powered game Crazy Car Championship as a showcase product for the launch of their GeForce3 GPU.
		Cipher is a complete solution for creating state of the art games on the next generation of consoles, the PC, Macs and Linux.
	www.synapticsoup.com /corp-press.htm (2964 words)

	FIPS 74 - Guidelines for Implementing and Using the NBS Data
		Ciphers may be thought of as operating on data elements of fixed length and codes as operating on data elements of variable length.
		A block product cipher may be constructed by using a permutation operation and a substitution operation alternately and recirculating the output of one pair of operations back into the input for some number of iterations.
		The cipher at time O is defined to be a quantity called the initialization vector or W. The CBC mode requires complete blocks of 64 bits until the final block is to be enciphered.
	www.itl.nist.gov /fipspubs/fip74.htm (15618 words)

	Block cipher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In cryptography, a block cipher is a symmetric key cipher which operates on fixed-length groups of bits, termed blocks, with an unvarying transformation.
		Block ciphers can be contrasted with stream ciphers; a stream cipher operates on individual digits one at a time, and the transformation varies during the encryption.
		The distinction between the two types is not always clear-cut: a block cipher, when used in certain modes of operation, acts effectively as a stream cipher.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/B/Block-cipher.htm (989 words)

	Computer Dealer News: Cipher Systems gives VARs vertical market Companion - value-added resellers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Calgary's Cipher Systems is out to market its Companion report writer through Acucobol-85 resellers who want to bundle the software or sell the product one-on-one.
		While Cipher is aggressively going into the Micro Focus COBOL market, McNeill says the company plans to extensively broaden its reseller channels.
		Cipher gives sales training on report writer and teaches VARs how to sell Cipher's product along with their own.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3563/is_n7_v11/ai_17019038 (599 words)

	EFF:
		For example, a system called a `Knapsack cipher' was in vogue in the literature for years until it was demonstrated that the instances typically generated could be efficiently broken, and the whole area of research fell out of favor.
		One might argue that publication of a provably-secure cipher would force all governments to behave like Stimson's `gentlemen', but one must be aware that open research in cryptography is fraught with political and ethical considerations of a severity than in most scientific fields.
		Ward gives a decryption of the second cipher (contents) called B2; it was encrypted as a book cipher using the initial letters of the Declaration of Independence (DOI) as key.
	www.eff.org /Privacy/Crypto?f=crypto.faq.txt (13942 words)

	Cipher Systems
		Cipher Systems is a professional engineering company offering a full range of services to support the embedded market place.
		Because of these standards, the test procedures and requirements are addressed very early in the initial design review.
		Cipher's team can provide lasting product assembly, warranty repair, debugging and trouble shooting services.
	www.cipher.com (210 words)

	Encyclopedia: Iraqi Block Cipher
		In cryptography, the Iraqi block cipher was a block cipher published in source code form by anonymous FTP upload around July 1999, and widely distributed on Usenet.
		Like the S-1 block cipher, it is generally regarded as a hoax (although of lesser quality compared to S-1); and like S-1, it was David Wagner who first spotted a serious security flaw.
		Click for other authoritative sources for this topic (summarised at Factbites.com).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Iraqi-Block-Cipher (122 words)

	Ambitware Technologies
		It may prove to be an invaluable tool when it comes to image protection against an unauthorized use or theft.
		I-Cipher is available in two editions: I-Cipher LD and I-Cipher AP.
		Users can install and run I-Cipher on two different computers at the same time having an option to request two independent Unlock Keys.
	www.ambitware.com /prod1d.asp (207 words)

	Ambitware Technologies
		Technical papers, product documentation, and on-line manuals can be find here.
		Ambitware Knowledge Base is a continuously expending database of a product related information, as well as a quick user reference, and a technical data source.
		Include the name and version of the product as well as the detailed description of your inquiry.
	www.ambitware.com /support_m.asp (147 words)

	[No title]
		If you DES encrypt first with key k1, then encrypt that cipher text with k2, is there a single DES encryption with a key k3 that would give you the same result?
		Which of the AES finalists were Feistel ciphers?
		What is the distinguishing cryptographic feature for each of the following ciphers: Blowfish, CAST, Rijndael, DES-X Describe various ways values are chosen for S-boxes.
	www.cs.utk.edu /~dunigan/cns04/midrvw.txt (530 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This gives the attacker more work, since many alphabets need to be guessed, and because the frequency distribution is more complex, since the same plaintext letter could be replaced by several ciphertext letters, depending on which alphabet is used.
		As a result of a challenge, it was broken by Charles Babbage (the inventor of the computer) in 1854 but kept secret (possibly because of the Crimean War - not the first time governments have kept advances to themselves!).
		In general the approach is to find a number of duplicated sequences, collect all their distances apart, look for common factors, remembering that some will be random flukes and need to be discarded.
	www.wku.edu /~leyla.zhuhadar/Cryptography/ch02.ppt (850 words)

	Cipher Systems - Market Research, Competitive Intelligence, Content Management Solutions
		Cipher Systems - Market Research, Competitive Intelligence, Content Management Solutions
		With corporate offices in Maryland and Connecticut, Cipher is a full service content management and competitive intelligence consulting firm that serves clients around the world.
		to learn the "Top Ten" reasons people choose Cipher.
	www.cipher-sys.com (97 words)

	Product listing - I-Cipher AP 2.2.2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Encrypted images are saved as bitmap files to preserve high image quality.
		I-Cipher is ideal for encryption/decryption of virtually any size of images, scanned documents, or electronic art.
		It proves to be an invaluable tool for image protection against unauthorized use or theft.
	www.downloadpipe.com.au /preview81081.html (127 words)

	Web Authoring - Shareware Focus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Cipher Cryptogram Game -- Challenge your mind with great quotes and bad jokes.
		Cipher is a word game for Windows to unscramble phrases.
		Web design products that provide you with a complete set of tools to create great looking HTML pages, manage your WEB site, images and GIF animations for your Web pages.
	www.shareware-focus.com /10-Date-6.html (317 words)

	LectureNotes3
		Small-alphabet monoalphabetic cipher: Fails (doubled letters "ee" still occurs)
		A small change in either plaintext or key results in many bits of ciphertext change
		Product cipher: A succession of simpler "building block" ciphers,
	www.ii.uib.no /~oyvind/I248/Forelesninger/LectureNotes3.html (351 words)

	No match for product cipher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sorry, the term product cipher is not in the dictionary.
		Previous: process table, PROCOL, Procomm, Procrustean string, Prodigy, ProDoc, product
		Last modified: Fri Feb 19 11:23:31 GMT 1999
	www.instantweb.com /foldoc/foldoc.cgi?product+cipher (39 words)

	No match for product cipher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Please send in a definition so I can add it to the dictionary.
		Nearby terms: Prodigy « ProDoc « product « production system » Professional Graphics Adapter » Professional Office System » professional programming
		Last modified: Wed Oct 1 01:25:11 BST 2003
	gd.tuwien.ac.at /study/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?product+cipher (63 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)