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	What is Project Finance
		Project finance is finance for a particular project, such as a mine, toll road, railway, pipeline, power station, ship, hospital or prison, which is repaid from the cash-flow of that project.
		Project finance is different from traditional forms of finance because the financier principally looks to the assets and revenue of the project in order to secure and service the loan.
		These are general risks that may affect the cash-flow of the project by increasing the operating costs or affecting the project's capacity to continue to generate the quantity and quality of the planned output over the life of the project.
	www.eagletraders.com /loans/loans_what_is_project_finance.htm (2156 words)

	Latin Risk - Citibank
		Funding for the project is acquired through this vehicle, which may have a different credit rating from its sponsors or the country in which the project is located.
		Project financing is particularly useful when the scale of the project exceeds the resources of a single sponsor, or, indeed, when the risk associated with the project in question is larger than the sponsor is able to take on.
		The bank was rated as number one project finance arranger in Latin America by Project Finance in May 1999 and the number one derivatives dealer in the world by Institutional Investor for the third year running in February 1999.
	www.financewise.com /public/edit/latin/latrisk/latr-citi.htm (1369 words)

	Introduction to Project Finance
		Project finance is clearly not a new part of banking, and examples of project finance deals exist as far back as the end of the 19th century, if not before.
		The latter phases of the project depend on the ownership and nature of the project, but may include some form of commissioning, followed by an operational phase during which the project starts to deliver its revenue (which may be several years after the deal was set up and funding acquired).
		The projects generally involve a large number of counterparties, including suppliers, contractors, off-takers, sponsors, guarantors and so on, meaning that it can be difficult to assess the creditworthiness of individual projects, and a whole separate area of credit sanctioning has developed specifically to handle the complexities within project finance.
	www.fenews.com /fen47/book_review/book_review.html (890 words)

	Project Finance Securitization
		Frequently, financing for a project will be sought by the project's sponsor through a "request for proposal" process, with several commercial banks likely to form separate syndicates or "clubs" to respond to such a request.
		One may expect that the project borrower, whether or not "in the money" on the hedge at the time of the project loan sale, would be reluctant to permit the outright transfer of the hedge associated therewith without appropriate compensation.
		The proceeds of the sale/leaseback financing were used to refinance the original project financing and to return capital to the project sponsors.
	pages.stern.nyu.edu /~igiddy/ABS/projectloans.htm (8762 words)

	DLA Piper \| US \| Services \| Project Finance
		Project Financing using a PPP structure of a new hotel and city infrastructure, co-located at a new San Antonio Convention Center.
		Project Financing through a PPP structure of the design, development, construction, and 20-year operating contract for two new facilities, located at the 4-12 complex for nuclear weapons rehabilitation at Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
		Representation of the contractor and architect in connection with the design/build and financing of the MCI Center in Washington, D.C. Representation of the lender in connection with the development and financing of a hotel resort complex in southern Mexico.
	www.dlapiper.com /project_finance (7146 words)

	Patriot Project - Finance and Human Resources System - Project Definition.
		Capturing accurate project dependency information early is critical in order to identify the issues that may prevent GMU from implementing the project deliverables because of known issues that jeopardize the completion of a project upon which this project depends.
		Project Constraints are aspects about the project that cannot be changed and are limiting in nature.
		Several quantitative and qualitative measurements of project benefits will be taken and recorded to determine whether the goals and objectives of the project (section 1.3) have been met.
	www.gmu.edu /PatriotProject/financehr/definition.html (2094 words)

	Mending project finance Global Finance - Find Articles
		Times are tough in the project finance market as lenders pull in their horns, equity investors scuttle home with their tails between their legs, and project after project gets its credit scorched.
		That new caution is being reflected in the structures arranged by project financiers.
		Projects are often big and lumpy, involve lending to newly set-up entities and can involve parameters such as political risk that are hard to monitor.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3715/is_200305/ai_n9177308 (871 words)

	Project Finance - Financial Training
		Project Finance involves the raising of funds to finance an economically separable capital investment project in which the providers of the funds look primarily to the cash flow from the project as the source of funds to service their loans and provide the return of and a return on their equity invested in the project.
		NYIF offers several individual courses to meet your needs as well as a Project Finance Suite which will provide you with the concepts and theories, as well as the practical tools and techniques for project finance valuation, analysis and modeling.
		The course begins with an analysis of where project finance has been, in the United States and Internationally, and where it is headed.
	www.nyif.com /courses/proj_trade_finance.html (215 words)

	Morrison & Foerster : Practices : Practice Areas : Project Finance & Development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Morrison and Foerster's Project Finance and Development Group has a global reach, serving clients on projects in Latin America, Asia, the Middle East and Africa, as well as in the United States.
		The Project Finance and Development Group advises clients in connection with all aspects of the development and financing of large‑scale projects, including power, oil and gas, transportation, telecommunications, petrochemical, mining, and water.
		We act as project counsel for the development and project financing of the 525 MW Valladolid III Power Project in Mexico.
	www.mofo.com /practice/practice/projectFinance.html (560 words)

	Project finance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Non-recourse project financing : A loan where the lending bank is only entitled to repayment from the profits of the project the loan is funding, not from other assets of the borrower.
		Off-Balance Sheet Financing: when a minority owner discloses its participation in the project as an investment and excludes the debt from its financial statements by disclosing the debt as a footnote related to the investment.
		The new project finance structures emerged primarily in response to the opportunity presented by long term power purchase contracts available from utilities and government entities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Project_Finance (885 words)

	Project Finance Advisory, Ernst & Young Australia
		Project Finance Advisory is a part of Ernst and Young Transaction Advisory Services Limited.
		Globally, Ernst and Young has been involved in over 500 projects and is ranked number one Global Advisor, in terms of advisory mandates won in 2005 according to Project Finance International annual league tables.
		Ernst and Young Project Finance Advisory interviewed 12 of Australia’s leading participants in the PPP market, with extensive experience in designing and implementing PPP projects, to produce ‘Issues facing the Australian PPP Market’, the first report of its kind looking at the challenges facing Australia’s PPP market.
	www.ey.com /global/content.nsf/Australia/Project_Finance_Advisory (501 words)

	Andrews Kurth - Project Finance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Project finance—the development and non-recourse financing of pipelines, electric generating plants, sports stadiums, industrial facilities and similar capital-intensive infrastructure projects—encompasses a complex mix of sophisticated legal, financial, regulatory and management issues that only a handful of organizations have mastered.
		On the domestic project finance side, we have substantial experience in the development and financing of electric generating facilities, including independent power producers, qualifying cogeneration facilities and exempt wholesale generators.
		Our lawyers secure project financing and draft and negotiate development agreements, architect agreements, construction contracts, management agreements and leases for sports and entertainment facilities, convention centers, theaters, schools and universities, roads, light rail and race tracks.
	www.akllp.com /Page.aspx?BD_ID=5597 (799 words)

	Best banks in project finance 2002 Global Finance - Find Articles
		Project finance may be complicated and risky, but the results are better than plain-vanilla corporate lending, he says.
		There has been decreasing activity in project finance this year, especially in the United States, where banks that had big exposure to Enron are no longer willing to participate in the market, Castiglioni says.
		Citigroup is the only bank to lead globally in project finance loans, bonds and advice, all in the same year.The bank arranged more than $5 billion in project finance deals that were closed from June 2001 to June 2002, ahead of second-place WestLB, which arranged $3.6 billion, according to Dealogic ProjectWare.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3715/is_200210/ai_n9098924 (817 words)

	Ex-Im Bank :: Products & Policies :: Insurance :: Project and Structured Finance
		Limited recourse (project) and structured financing are two options that offer maximum flexibility for project sponsors and help U.S. exporters compete globally in natural resource and infrastructure sectors.
		Ex-Im Bank's limited recourse project finance is an arrangement in which Ex-Im Bank lends to newly created project companies and looks to the project's future cash flows as our source of repayment instead of relying directly on foreign governments, financial institutions or established corporations for repayment of the debt.
		This financing arrangement is especially appropriate where hard currency revenues can be captured offshore or long-term off-take contracts insure project cash flows.
	www.exim.gov /products/guarantee/proj_finance.html (658 words)

	Project Finance
		Milbank prides itself in having one of the largest and most experienced project finance groups among the worldâs major law firms.
		Milbankâs Global Project Finance Department, comprising more than 100 dedicated project finance attorneys (including 17 partners) in our offices worldwide, is fully qualified to provide legal advice under both U.S. and English law.
		As the project finance marketplace has evolved, we have expanded our worldwide practice to include expertise in asset disposition, restructuring, portfolio securitization, credit enhancement and political risk mitigation techniques.
	www.milbank.com /en/PracticeAreas/ProjectFinance_alpha.htm (339 words)

	Law Firm of Pepper Hamilton LLP \| Practice Areas
		In our role as project counsel, we work with all the participants necessary to the development, construction, financing and operation of a project financed facility.
		In connection with financing projects, we represent senior lenders and subordinated lenders; commercial banks, industrial development agencies and banks, insurance companies and other types of institutional, non-bank lenders; vendors who have provided equity and subordinated financing in the context of their supply arrangements; and true equity participants.
		Pepper is experienced in combining its international legal and project finance experience with local counsel to form a team capable of meeting the needs of any project.
	www.pepperlaw.com /pepper/practice_show.cfm?rid=45.0 (708 words)

	Project Finance and Real Estate Development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In addition to applying their business acumen and experience in the real estate industry, our Project Finance and Commercial Real Estate attorneys take the time to learn the long and short term objectives of the CEOs and key executives of each client in order to design and implement strategies that further those broader goals.
		Our Project Finance and Commercial Real Estate attorneys represent developers, institutional and individual investors, borrowers, and lenders in all aspects of the acquisition and sale of real estate across the United States and abroad.
		Our Project Finance and Commercial Real Estate attorneys have developed a national practice counseling clients, including public agencies, on the rehabilitation, leasing and redevelopment of historic properties, the transfer of historic properties from governmental authorities to the private sector and the use of investment tax credits and conservation easements as development tools.
	www.rkmc.com /Project_Finance_and_Real_Estate_Development.htm (1293 words)

	What We Do: Project Finance: Overview
		Our Finance Department is uniquely positioned to structure the financing and equity for complex affordable housing developments.
		Finance staff structure real estate syndications, in which individuals and corporations invest in project limited partnerships or limited liability corporations in exchange for tax benefits.
		Finance staff structure debt and equity for our HOPE VI and mixed finance projects.
	www.tcbinc.org /what_we_do/finance_overview.htm (317 words)

	Dewey Ballantine LLP - Project Finance
		Dewey Ballantine’s project finance group is widely acknowledged as one of the leading project finance practices in the world.
		Dewey Ballantine's project finance teams represent developers, investors, underwriters, lenders, financial advisors, multilateral institutions, contractors and governments in the development, financing, construction and operation of a wide range of capital intensive projects and facilities throughout the world.
		Financings we have handled have been implemented through a variety of structures, including traditional offtaker-based project financings, so-called "merchant" structures, traditional leveraged leases, cross-border leases, joint ventures and partnership arrangements, project leases and "genco" financings, corporate finance offerings, and various combinations of the above.
	www.deweyballantine.com /practice.cfm?practice_id=69 (299 words)

	Project Finance
		The Project Finance, Energy and Infrastructure Group has been providing legal advice and assistance in connection with the structuring, financing and implementation of complex foreign and domestic energy, infrastructure, telecommunications, natural resources, environmental and industrial projects and transactions for more than 30 years.
		The Group has acted as legal counsel in projects located in Asia and the Pacific Rim, the Caribbean Basin, Africa, the Middle East, Europe, North and South America as well as throughout the United States.
		In both domestic and international projects, we believe that the client is best served when one firm acts as primary counsel for the transaction and assists in the selection and retention of either foreign counsel or local counsel if necessary.
	www.kelleydrye.com /practice_areas/19 (279 words)

	Syllabus
		Limited recourse or non-recourse financing is one of the principal means used to finance large infrastructure and strong revenue producing projects both domestically and internationally.
		Project financing will be contrasted with balance sheet financing for similar transactions.
		Case studies will be used to analyze issues that are confronted in utilizing project financing, with emphasis on international project financing, at the development, construction, and operations phases, emphasizing lender concerns, but including environmental, labor, political, and other issues.
	www.bsad.uvm.edu /Academics/Courses/syllabus?sid=2088 (1166 words)

	Jones Day - Services - Project Finance - Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		We have advised Cleveland-Cliffs on projects such as its $4.5 million investment in the Mesabi Nuggets Project, a joint venture whose participants are developing a new ironmaking technology, and a recent shelf registration for $172 million in preferred stock.
		Other road projects on which Jones Day lawyers have advised include the Castello-Raposo Toll Road in São Paulo, Brazil; a toll road between Surat and Manor in Gujarat, India; the A1(M) and A417/A419 DBFO Roads Projects in the U.K.; and the N4 Maputo Corridor Toll Road Project in South Africa.
		We advised on the development and financing of the $400 million Gateway Complex in Ohio, which includes Jacobs Field for the Cleveland Indians and Gund Arena for the Cleveland Cavaliers; the $165 million San Jose Arena in California for the San Jose Sharks; and the $240 million Compaq Center in Texas for the Houston Rockets.
	www.jonesday.com /Project_Finance (1489 words)

	Project Finance - structured financing, cash flow lending, renewable energy infrastructure
		TD Banknorth Project Finance specializes in providing financing solutions for the development, acquisition and expansion of power generation, renewable fuels and energy, and related infrastructure projects throughout North America.
		Based in the U.S., TD Banknorth Project Finance is part of TD Banknorth, N.A., a $40 billion community banking and financial services company and one of the 25 largest commercial banking organizations in the United States.
		Whether acting as the sole lender, or as an Agent Bank with a substantial hold position, we are ready to help you fund your project, whatever the scope and stage it may be in.
	www.tdbanknorth.com /projectfinance/index.html (317 words)

	Arnold & Porter LLP - Practices/Industries - Project Finance
		Arnold and Porter’s project finance attorneys have the skills and experience to bring infrastructure and project finance assignments to a successful conclusion.
		In addition, we offer comprehensive service to consortia of the types often employed in project finance matters and are responsive to the special issues that can arise in such contexts.
		Our lawyers are skilled working with projects that rely on a power purchase agreement with a creditworthy offtaker, those that are merchant plants, as well as those consisting of some combination of the two.
	www.arnoldporter.com /practice.cfm?practice_id=23 (1215 words)

	Promoter - Project Finance Software
		Promoter is a project finance software tool for evaluating and appraising projects in the oil, gas, petrochemical, power, pulp and paper, transportation, infrastructure and related industries.
		This project finance model can be used on traditional project finance cases as well as to infrastructure concessions with Public Private Partnerships (PPP) and in BOO (Build, Own, Operate), BOOT (Build, Own, Operate and Transfer) and related projects.
		Project Planning and Management Ltd are an independent group of consultants based in London.
	www.promoter.com (259 words)

	China Focus - Finance and Project Finance
		This project received the "Real Estate and Construction Deal of the Year" award in 2006 from Asian Legal Business, which recognized the advanced level of legal services required to complete financings that were structured as dual-currency onshore and offshore loans involving a complex series of offshore security arrangements that crossed four jurisdictions.
		This project received the 2005 "Logistics Deal of the Year" award from Euromoney and is the central feature of the Shanghai Chemical Industrial Park, which is planned to be one of the largest and most integrated chemical and petrochemical production and logistics bases in Asia.
		BP p.l.c., the successful bidder, in an eight-sponsor $800 million project to acquire and construct an LNG terminal and trunk-line project in Guangdong, China, for regassification and distribution of natural gas in China, including the design of the project financing and security structure.
	www.orrick.com /practices/china/finance.asp (898 words)

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