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Topic: Project Habbakuk

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	Steve Walker's Habbakuk of Ice
		Steve Walker's radioplay HABBAKUK OF ICE, first broadcast by BBC Radio 4 in 2001, is the dramatic story of an idea - Project Habbakuk - from its conception to its demise.
		But in the end military bureacracy prevailed: the plug was pulled on Project Habbakuk, and it melted away.
		Habbakuk was his most ambitious project, and watching it being built in the lake here was the greatest time of his life.
	www.swalks.com /habhead.html (266 words)

	Habakkuk
		Project Habbakuk was a British World War II plan to costruct an "unsinkable" aircraft carrier out of ice, for use against German U-boats.
		The Habbakuk was to be approximately 2,000 feet long and have a displacement of an amazing 2,000,000 tons or more, constructed in Canada from 280,000 blocks of a sawdust/water ice mixture known as Pykrete[?] (after its inventor Goeffrey Pyke, who proposed the Habbakuk project inspired by its slow-melting properties).
		The Habbakuk would have been virtually impossible to sink, as it would have effectively been a streamlined iceberg kept afloat by the buoyancy of its construction materials.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ha/Habbakuk.html (317 words)

	Project Habbakuk - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Project Habbakuk was a plan by the British in World War II to construct an "unsinkable" aircraft carrier out of ice, for use against German U-boats in the mid-Atlantic, which was out of range of land-based planes.
		Its armaments would have included 40 dual-barrelled 4.5" DP (dual-purpose) turrets and numerous light anti-aircraft guns, and it would have housed an airstrip and up to 150 twin-engined bombers or fighters.
		The name Habbakuk was an Admiralty clerk's misspelling of the biblical name Habakkuk.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Project_Habbakuk (348 words)

	Project Habakkuk at AllExperts
		Project Habakkuk (actually misspelled as Habbakuk — see below) was a plan by the British in World War II to construct an aircraft carrier out of ice, for use against German U-boats in the mid-Atlantic, which was out of range of land-based planes.
		The Habakkuk was imagined to be virtually unsinkable as it would have effectively been a streamlined iceberg or floating island kept afloat by the buoyancy of its construction materials, and to be highly resilient to damage by virtue of its sheer bulk.
		It was projected to take $70 million and 8,000 people working for eight months to construct it, an expenditure which the British were unwilling to make at the time on such an experimental craft.
	en.allexperts.com /e/p/pr/project_habakkuk.htm (747 words)

	www.europealltravel.info: habbakuk,ice
		The HMS Habbakuk was the brainchild of Goeffrey Pyke, inventor of...
		Project Habakkuk (actually misspelled as Habbakuk â” see below) was a plan by the British in World War II to construct an aircraft carrier out of ice, for use against German U-boats in the mid...
		Project Habbakuk was a classified WWII concept which would revolutionize the allied war effort by creating a fleet of unsinkable aircraft land strips out of ice.
	www.europealltravel.info /en/habbakuk_ice (324 words)

	Administration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In the case of Project Genesis our administration exists to see to it that at the end of the day, God’s love is expressed in a practical and tangible way to the hungry of the world by seeing them fed. In other words to see the vision of Project Genesis realized.
		Project Genesis has been registered as a ministry and ‘rules of incorporation’ have been established and filed with the Government.
		I believe, as the President of Project Genesis, that God has laid the foundation of an excellent administrative structure for the practical outworking of the vision of Project Genesis to be built upon.
	www.projectgenesis.com /_Articles/art002.html (1091 words)

	Project Habakkuk
		Project Habbakuk was a plan by the British in World War II plan to construct an "unsinkable" aircraft carrier out of ice, for use against German U-boats in the mid-Atlantic, which was out of range of land-based planes.
		The Habbakuk was to be approximately 2,000 feet long (600 m) and have a displacement of an amazing 2,000,000 tons or more, constructed in Canada from 280,000 blocks of a mixture of ice and wood pulp known as Pykrete (after its inventor Geoffrey Pyke, who proposed the Habbakuk project inspired by its slow-melting properties).
		The name Habbakuk was Admiralty clerk's mistake in biblical name Habakkuk.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/p/pr/project_habakkuk.html (323 words)

	Lake Patricia
		Project Habakuk was a project of the British Military during World War II.
		This was to be the start of one of the most bizarre projects of WWII, one that would involve dozens of scientists and engineers across Canada in a wacky scheme to build an aircraft carrier out of ice.
		The Habbakuk was to be 2000 feet long, 300 feet wide and 200 feet deep.
	members.shaw.ca /andrewfairservice/malberta/patricia.htm (1406 words)

	Boulevards, Banlieues, and...
		What made Pyke’s ice island so unconventional was its strength—he found that by mixing sawdust with water and freezing it you coul create a material (pykrete) that was remarkably strong, thawed at a very low rate, and could be easily repaired.
		The project was abandoned after the first prototype was built in Patricia Lake, near Jasper, Alberta.
		The H.M.S Habbakuk, as it was named, took nearly a year to thaw.
	www.lot.at /projects/Boulevards,.../disaster.html (570 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Pyke managed to convince Lord Mountbatten of the worth of his project some time around 1942, and trials were made in two locations in Alberta.
		Thus, the small pilot project was given the go-ahead, but the main Project Habbakuk was never put into action.
		The funds simply were not available due to other WWII projects, as well as the belief that the tides of the war were beginning to turn in favour of the Allies using more conventional methods.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=pykrete (480 words)

	Damn Interesting » England's Armed Iceberg of War
		The Habbakuk was destined to be a 2,000 feet long, 300 feet wide, and 2 million ton aircraft carrier with a hull 40 feet thick—made of ice that could take a few Nazi torpedoes.
		Originally the Habbakuk was the brainchild of Geoffrey Pyke, a boffin renowned for his difficult-to-realize ideas.
		The plans were mothballed once it became apparent that aside from the enormous expense of the project, the amount of wood pulp needed for the pykerete would impact paper production, the amount of steel tubing it would require would deplete reserves for conventional warships, and it required an absurd quantity of cork for insulation.
	www.damninteresting.com /?p=475 (1325 words)

	Omnipelagos.com ~ article "Project Habbakuk" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Habbakuk would have been virtually impossible to sink, as it would have effectively been a streamlined iceberg or floating island kept afloat by the buoyancy of its construction materials.
		The choice of this name is said to be a reference to the project's ambitious goal: "…be utterly amazed, for I am going to do something in your days that you would not believe, even if you were told." (Habakkuk 1:5, NIV)
		Criticism of project Habbakuk by Sir Charles Goodeve, Assistant Controller of Research and Development for the Admiralty during World War II, in an article original published in the London Evening Standard, April 19th, 1951.
	www.omnipelagos.com /entry?n=project_%48abbakuk (376 words)

	[No title]
		Constructed from 40-foot blocks of ice, his Habbakuk would be 2,000 feet long, 300 feet wide, with walls 40 feet thick.
		The prototype Habbakuk was 60 feet long and 30 feet wide, weighing in at 1,000 tons, and was kept frozen by a one-horsepower motor.
		"Surprise," Pyke theorized in his first Habbakuk memo, "can be obtained from permanence as well as suddenness." The immense hull was just as strong as Pyke had predicted, but Mountbatten eschewed the scientist's reports for a more direct testing method: hauling out a shotgun and trying to blow a hole into their precious prototype's side.
	www.strategypage.com /militaryforums/8-4618.aspx (2474 words)

	Aircraft carrier - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		An aircraft carrier is a warship whose main role is to deploy and recover aircraft.
		Aircraft carriers thus allow a naval force to project air power great distances without having to depend on local bases for land-based aircraft.
		The project was cancelled under pressure from the newly-created United States Air Force, and the letter "A" was re-cycled to mean "attack." But this only delayed the growth of carriers.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=2219 (2967 words)

	Definition of Pykrete
		Pykrete is a composite material made of 14% wood pulp and ice, invented by Max Perutz and proposed during World War II by Geoffrey Pyke to the Royal Navy as a candidate material for making a huge, unsinkable aircraft carrier, Project Habbakuk, actually more of a floating island than a ship in the traditional sense.
		Pyke managed to convince Lord Mountbatten of the worth of his project some time around 1942, and trials were made in two locations in Alberta in Canada.
		Thus a small pilot project was given the go ahead but the main Project Habakkuk was never put into action.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Pykrete (593 words)

	March 5 - March 11
		Two Calgarians who were involved in the top-secret Habbakuk project told a local newspaper of their participation in one of the strangest projects of the Second World War.
		The experiments showed that, while the project was scientifically and technically feasible, there were difficulties in engineering and construction.
		In March, 1944, the project was officially terminated.
	www.glenbow.org /exhibitions/online/libhtm/mar5.htm (1528 words)

	Project Habakkuk, The floating Iceberg carrier - Alternate History Discussion Board (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Project Habbakuk was a British World War II plan to construct an "unsinkable" aircraft carrier out of ice, for use against German U-boats in the mid-Atlantic, which was out of range of land-based planes.
		The Habbakuk was to be approximately 2,000 feet long and have a displacement of an amazing 2,000,000 tons or more, constructed in Canada from 280,000 blocks of a sawdust/water ice mixture known as Pykrete (after its inventor Geoffrey Pyke, who proposed the Habbakuk project inspired by its slow-melting properties).
		Anyway, assuming my exchange rate is anywhere near what it was in the 1940s then the number of CV's one could get for the Habbakuk would have been around 6 or 7 and the number of corvettes would have been around 46 or 47.
	www.alternatehistory.com /discussion/showthread.php?p=28629 (900 words)

	Code Name Habbakuk - Faculty of Engineering - Magazine - University of Alberta
		Two major projects were started in Jasper and Banff, as well as research programs elsewhere in the three Western provinces.
		While it seemed a visionary project to the military, to the scientists it just “didn’t hold water”.
		The entire project was put to rest with the official dissolution of the board March 1, 1944.
	www.uofaweb.ualberta.ca /uofaengineer/article.cfm?article=22746&issue=22530 (499 words)

	Turkmen leader orders ice palace in one of the hottest deserts on earth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It is the latest in a series of colossal building projects instigated by the all-powerful president that seem to defy the country's environment.
		The projects tend now to be sites of recreation for the people, like a Disney-style theme park instead of state palaces.
		As it appeared that "Habbakuk" would run into supply and technical problems, not to mention the high costs ($100 million for the first ship), it was Mountbatten’s aim to get the Americans to take over the project.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1189471/posts (1352 words)

	Project habbakuk
		Project Habbakuk was a classified WWII concept which would revolutionize the allied war effort by creating a fleet of unsinkable aircraft land strips out of ice.
		The carriers were to be at least 600 m long, 90 m wide and up to 45 m deep.
		Patricia Lake was chosen because it offered a good probability of cold weather and the remote location ensured project secrecy.
	www.mysteriesofcanada.com /Alberta/habbakuk.htm (407 words)

	[No title]
		Jim relates his impressions of the Habbakuk remains based on Dr. Susan Langley's findings from when she last dove to the bottom of Patricia Lake over a decade ago.
		Even though Habbakuk was a "ship of ice", the prototype at Patricia Lake has a skeleton that survives underwater.
		Right now they're getting ready for their last dive on the Habbakuk which will be the most challenging dive they've encountered so far this season.
	www.shipwreckcentral.com /livedive/archives/habbakuk (1592 words)

	bullet proof ice - Topic Powered by eve community
		The problem, according to one source, is that the Habbakuk would have required all the wood chips in Canada to produce.
		Enough of the department's projects were successful, though, (like the Hedgehog and Double-L Sweep) that they did contribute to the war effort in a major way.
		I can't help but think the projects historical credability may have suffered somewhat as a result of that first, and rather grand looking, illustration, which it has to be said makes it look somewhat more sophistcated than the reinforced iceflow pulled around by tugs that I had heard about.
	focusmag.infopop.cc /eve/forums/a/tpc/f/8506071562/m/5301069322 (4332 words)

	My Tank Has Hugest Treads
		The HMS Habbakuk was to have been 2,000 feet long, 300 feet wide, and capable of carrying 200 Spitfires or even larger aircraft into battle.
		History: The Habbakuk project formally began in December of 1942 when Geoffrey Pyke convinced Lord Louis Mountbatten that his plans for an iceberg warship were worth examining.
		The prototype Habbakuk stuck around on Lake Patricia for nearly a full year after her refrigeration was turned off and a monument has since been erected.
	www.somethingawful.com /d/news/my-tank-has-3.php (1969 words)

	Project Habakkuk / Building aircraft carriers out of ice by Credit repair information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		This new material was quickly seen as key to the success of Project Habakkuk, which by that point was seeming increasingly problematic based on the results of the Patricia Lake tests.
		All these facts made Project Habakkuk seem like a waste of resources, and by early 1944, research was halted—before construction of the full-size carrier even began.
		Sir Charles Goodeve, Assistant Controller of Research and Development for the British Admiralty, was an outspoken critic of Project Habakkuk during the war; shortly thereafter, he spelled out his objections in The Ice Ship Fiasco.
	credit-repair-information.info-db.org /3606 (5066 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / Airports Across the Ocean
		This and other tests, along with detailed plans and financial projections and the enthusiasm created by Lindbergh’s flight, helped Armstrong raise enough money to move his research out of the laboratory.
		A joint research project of the shipbuilding and steel industries, it measures 3,280 by 397 feet and draws 10 feet.
		As project engineers looked more closely at the logistics of building a full-size berg ship, the idea came to seem increasingly poor.
	www.americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/it/2001/1/2001_1_32.shtml (2925 words)

	Christian Rebuild - Projects
		Supporting the Habbakuk Trust in bringing aid to elderly Holocaust victims in Hungary
		We are considering giving support to an educational project in Poland and a medical project in Armenia.
		In order to be able to continue our work and support more projects, we need donations.
	www.christianrebuild.com /projects.html (138 words)

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