Promotion and relegation

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Topic: Promotion and relegation

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In the News (Sat 5 Jul 08)

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	SIEPR Discussion Paper
		In most of the world, professional sports leagues use a promotion and relegation system, in which at the end of each season the worst teams in better leagues are demoted while the best teams in weaker leagues are promoted.
		The research reported in this essay examines the economic effects of promotion and relegation, using data from English football (soccer), one of the oldest and most successful group of professional leagues in the world.
		The paper concludes with an analysis of how promotion and relegation might be implemented in North American leagues.
	siepr.stanford.edu /papers/pdf/01-16.html (105 words)

	Daily Telegraph (London, England): Newcastle make call to scrap relegation.(Sport)@ HighBeam Research
		THE fall-out from England's defeat by France continued yesterday when one leading owner called for the Rugby Football Union to scrap promotion and relegation at the top end of the game in an effort to increase the number of English-qualified players.
		On the day Newcastle confirmed the signing of the Australia forward Owen Finegan for next season, Dave Thompson, the club's owner, said the RFU should look seriously once more at the emotive subject of promotion and relegation between the Zurich Premiership and National League One.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:128689701&refid=ip_almanac_hf (185 words)

	Relegation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Promotion and relegation have the effect of regularly rearranging the leagues according to the teams' playing strength, and also prevents the games of the not-so-good teams of each league from becoming boring towards the end of the season.
		Relegation can be a heart-wringing melodrama for the fans, but just avoiding it can also be a source of pure bliss and continuing legends, sometimes even more so than winning the title.
		In the sports leagues— especially soccer leagues— of many countries, relegation (or demotion) means the mandated transfer of the worst team(s) (usually the bottom three) of a higher league into a lower league at the end of the season.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Relegation (482 words)

	Promotion Relegation Racing Systems
		The key to promotion relegation systems is that the first few boats to finish in a heat are promoted to the next higher heat, and the last few boats are relegated to the next lower heat.
		After the seeding races are finished and for the duration of the promotion relegation part of the event, the boats are shuffled a bit after each race.
		The NORC 94 system promotes and relegates 3 boats at a time, while the NORC 95 system calls for ëfour up and four down.
	www.amya.org /prorelsys.html (3061 words)

	The Voyageurs: Canadian Soccer Supporters - MLS / A League promotion/relegation?
		The battle to avoid relegation (and to gain promotion) can be immensely entertaining, and adds more entertainment to cellar-dwelling teams who would otherwise have nothing to play for.
		Just think if the NHL had relegation when Harold Ballard had the Leafs, within a few years time they would have been playing in the OHL.
		Especially when you have things like Salary caps and revenue sharing that even out the playing field but also make it distictly possible for one of your big market teams to be relegated.
	www.canadian-soccer.com /forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=6321 (1046 words)

	Rugby Football Union - Promotion and Relegation Decision
		Promotion and relegation between the Zurich Premiership and the First Division will remain on the basis of one automatic promotion and relegation place from season 2003/04 onwards it was decided on Monday 16 June.
		It was agreed by both PRL and FDR that the simple choice which the Panel had to make between a play-off and automatic promotion and relegation was not ideal.
		The decision was made, by four votes to three, that automatic promotion and relegation will continue.
	www.rfu.com /index.cfm/fuseaction/RFUHome.News_Detail/StoryID/3616 (367 words)

	Relegation update & Striker list
		The SPL confirmed today that if Livingston don't win the Division 1 title there will be no relegation or promotion between the SPL and the SFL Division 1 at the end of this season.
		Livingston, Airdrie and Raith Rovers are the only 3 clubs in Division 1 that meet the stadium criteria for the SPL.
	members.aol.com /Budsmfc03/stmirren/020401.htm (237 words)

	EconPapers: Promotion and Relegation
		Abstract: One of the most distinctive differences between team sports in Europe and North America is the institution of promotion and relegation.
		This paper looks into the history of why this institution developed in Europe but not North America, and considers what effects it may have on the competitive balance of the leagues.
	econpapers.repec.org /article/wejwldecn/54.htm (178 words)

	Season 2000/2001 - SEITENWAHL - English Version
		Promotion will have to wait for Borussia after the team slumped to a surprised home-defeat against relegation-threatened Arminia Bielefeld in front of 32.350 at the Bökelberg.
		Due to the goal-difference, promotion could be finally secured by Borussia with a draw at their next match: On Sunday they are travelling to Fürth to meet the home-team for a vital promotion-encounter.
		This distance could be diminished to 7, if fifth-placed LR Ahlen is able to win their recently postponed match against Saarbrücken on Wednesday, but would still be comfortable enough to seal promotion for Borussia before the final day of the 2000/2001-season.
	www.seitenwahl.de /e/season2000-01.htm (178 words)

	Spain - Liga del Ascenso 1950/51-1955/56
		The teams that finished second and third, CD Logro��s, Ferrol, Mestalla and CD Alcoyano, played a promotion/relegation league with the teams that finished 13th and 14th in the first division, Sporting de Gij�n and Racing Santander, won by Mestalla, Sporting de Gij�n finishing second.
		Mestalla renounced the promotion for being the affiliated team of Valencia CF, thereby allowing Racing Santander, who had finished third in the promotion/relegation league, to remain in the first division.
		The teams that finished second and third, Baracaldo, UD L�rida, H�rcules CF and CD M�laga, played a promotion/relegation league with the teams that finished 13th and 14th in the first division, Atl�tico Osasuna and Real Ja�n, won by CD M�laga, H�rcules CF finishing second.
	www.rsssf.com /tabless/spanascenso.html (178 words)

	Spain, Final Tables 1939-1949
		Promotion/Relegation Playoffs: RC Celta - Granada CF 4-1 Promotion/Relegation: Promoted to 1st: CD Alcoyano, Hércules CF and RC Celta Relegated to 2nd: CD Sabadell, RC Deportivo and Granada CF NB: The second division consisted of one group of 14 clubs.
		The five group winners: Cádiz CF, RC Deportivo, Real Murcia, Levante UD and Donostia San Sebastián played a promotion league, won by Real Murcia who thereby won automatic promotion.
		The first two teams of both groups, CD Castellón, Granada CF, RC Deportivo and Real Sociedad played a promotion league, won by Granada CF, Real Sociedad finishing second.
	www.risc.uni-linz.ac.at /non-official/rsssf/tables/spanhist3949.html (178 words)

	SI.com - Soccer - Dutch First Division - Team Pages - FC Volendam
		Rank: 17th, 27 points Last Results: 2-1 win vs. RBC Roosendaal, May 16 4-0 loss at Heracles Almelo, May 19 (promotion/relegation playoffs)
		Streak: Lost 1 Next Game: vs. De Graafschap, May 22 (Promotion/relegation play offs) Like SBV Vitesse, FC Volendam got also another chances to retain their 1st Division status for next season in the promotion/relegation play offs.
		In the end the Volendam crowd got some nine scary minutes, when RBC put one back.
	sportsillustrated.cnn.com /soccer/netherlands/teams/fcv (243 words)

	K2 League - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Plans are afoot however for promotion and relegation to be in place between the K2 League and the K-League in time for the 2007 season, with a possible promotion/relegation system involving a rumoured K3 division sometime in the future.
		The K2 league is currently a closed league, with no promotion to the K-League and no relegation out of the league.
		The two section winners then play off home and away at the end of the season to decide the league champion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/K2_League (181 words)

	National League System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The National League System has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels, and allows even the smallest club to dream of rising to the very top of the English football league system.
		These leagues are independent entities with no promotion or relegation involving the football pyramid.However,some Sunday League clubs have been known to join pyramid leagues if they desire to progress higher.
		The Football League comprise the top 92 clubs in the English game, and two teams from the Conference are able to achieve promotion to the lowest division of The Football League each season.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/National_League_System (181 words)

	ESPNsoccernet.com: Sparta Rotterdam Team Page
		Sparta Rotterdam won promotion to the Eredivisie tonight after confirming themselves as Group B winners in the promotion/relegation play-offs.
		Sparta Rotterdam cruised to a 4-1 win over Zwolle to get back into the mix of the Dutch promotion/relegation playoffs on Saturday.
		A Sparta Rotterdam player who broke an opponent's leg during a Dutch soccer match last December is to be prosecuted for assault.
	soccernet.espn.go.com /team?id=151&cc=5901 (163 words)

	Stoke City F.C. - Psychology Central
		Its controversial 0-0 draw with Burnley on April 30, 1898 led to the test match format of promotion and relegation being replace by automatic promotion/relegation.
		It was promoted again in 2001-02 thanks to a 2-0 victory in the Division Two playoff final against Brentford F.C. Stoke's only serious challenge for a return to the top flight came in 1995-96 when it finished fourth in Division One and lost to eventual winners Leicester City in the playoff semi-final.
		Stoke's relegation was confirmed on the final day of the league season by a 5-2 home defeat against Manchester City, who were also relegated.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Stoke_City (479 words)

	Second coming - [Sunday Herald]
		Not only has it been consistently the most competitive league in British football in recent times (in 2002-03 season only 11 points separated relegation and promotion), but this season even some First Division chairmen have been eyeing it with a suspicion of envy.
		The continuing philanthropy of Douglas Rae at Morton, after two devastating near misses in the Second Division promotion race and a six-figure handout to rid the club of Hugh Scott, is remarkable in itself, but it is the ascent of Gretna which is the division’s big story.
		And when you factor in the introduction of the play-offs, and the fact that all three of the division’s big guns are likely to be involved in an almighty scrap for promotion, it lessens still further.
	www.sundayherald.com /51035 (1122 words)

	sweden_second_level_1982.htm
		Djurg�rdens IF, Stockholm 22 13 4 5 50-23 30 Promotion Playoff 2.
		IFK V�ster�s 22 5 9 8 19-32 19 10.Ope IF 22 7 4 11 34-33 18 11.Karlstads BK 22 4 10 8 33-40 18 Relegation Playoff 12.Flens IF 22 2 4 16 28-59 8 Relegation Playoff * = The merger Gefle IF/Bryn�s was dissolved before the season started.
		Gefle IF, G�vle* 22 12 6 4 37-24 30 Promotion Playoff 3.
	www.geocities.com /clasglenning/Svenska_fotbollstabeller/sweden_second_level_1982.htm (1122 words)

	Test match (football) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		When the Football League was first expanded to two divisions in 1893, test matches were employed to decide relegation and promotion between them, but the practice was scrapped in favour of automatic relegation and promotion in 1899.
		A test match in football is a match played at the end of a season between a team that has done badly in a higher league and one that has done well in a lower league of the same football league system.
		The winner of the test match plays in the higher league the following year, and the loser in the lower league.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Test_match_(football) (445 words)

	History 1992
		Hence, instead of having regional divisions, the SASL realigned to have a First Division and a Second Division complete with relegation and promotion.
		Eastern and Western divisions are scrapped and replaced by First and Second divisions with relegation and promotion for the first time
		After many years struggling with its purpose as either a recreational league or a competitive league the SASL finally decided it was competitive and would be for the long term.
	g.archer.home.att.net /sasl/history/evolution/1992.html (445 words)

	Southampton from Football365.com
		Southampton midfielder Andrew Surman admits Tuesday's Coca-Cola Championship match at Burnley is vital as his team look to arrest their current slump and avoid being dragged into a second successive relegation fight.
		Darius Henderson grabbed a second-half double as Watford destroyed Southampton 3-1 to leapfrog Leeds into third spot in the Coca-Cola Championships and enhance their automatic promotion prospects.
		Luke Rodgers' late equaliser earned relegation-threatened Crewe a point against a Southampton side happy to leave with a 1-1 draw.
	www.football365.com /Homegrounds/Southampton/News/index.shtml (392 words)

	Xtratime Community - The Spring season
		In other leagues this would mean a resumption in the league, but in the current format, it results in the autumn 12 team Nationalliga format being split into 8 top teams progressing to the championship round, and the bottom 4 joining the top 4 from Nationalliga B in a promotion/relegation series
		And here is the Nationalliga format (important info as it has implications on promotion/relegation)
		So in summary it is kind of a resumption (rather than a whole new season), but in a different format
	www.xtratime.org /forum/showthread.php?t=65738 (1352 words)

	sweden_second_level_1982.htm
		IFK V�ster�s 22 5 9 8 19-32 19 10.Ope IF 22 7 4 11 34-33 18 11.Karlstads BK 22 4 10 8 33-40 18 Relegation Playoff 12.Flens IF 22 2 4 16 28-59 8 Relegation Playoff * = The merger Gefle IF/Bryn�s was dissolved before the season started.
		Gefle IF, G�vle* 22 12 6 4 37-24 30 Promotion Playoff 3.
		Djurg�rdens IF, Stockholm 22 13 4 5 50-23 30 Promotion Playoff 2.
	www.geocities.com /clasglenning/Svenska_fotbollstabeller/sweden_second_level_1982.htm (1352 words)

	(Republic of) Ireland League Tables - Second Level
		Monaghan United 27 2 5 20 10 70 11 Home Farm changed name to Home Farm Everton as sponsored by Everton FC (England) Promotion/Relegation Playoff: First leg: Home Farm Everton 2 Athlone Town 0 Second leg: Athlone Town 2 Home Farm Everton 0 a.e.t.
		Promotion/Relegation Playoff: First leg: Kilkenny City 1 Waterford United 0 Second leg: Waterford United 0 Kilkenny City 1 Kilkenny City win 2-0 on aggregate 2000-01 1.
		Monaghan United 27 11 10 6 38 31 32 - Playoff 4.
	www.rsssf.com /tablesi/ier2hist.html (1352 words)

	Second Division - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The terms "First division" and "Second division" also have a history of usage in baseball, although the concept of promotion and relegation does not and never has existed in that sport, or in any of the popular team sports in the United States for that matter.
		In sport, the Second Division is usually the second highest division of a league, and will often have promotion and relegation with divisions above and below.
		Isthmian League Second Division, England (at level 9 in the overall English football league system)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_division (213 words)

	HattersMatters.com - Story
		Crewe suffered relegation to the Second Division in the penultimate game of the season despite having enough games in hand over their rivals to try and get away from the relegation zone.
		Moving back to the present and tomorrow's game….both County and Crewe were relegated from the First Division last season after 5 years away from the Second Division and both clubs will be hoping to win promotion back to the First Division at the first attempt.
		County were obviously down and out by March although from that time onwards County manager Carlton Palmer was planning for the new season by bringing in players he thought would be able to give the club a serious promotion challenge.
	stockportcounty.rivals.net /?sid=1492&p=2&stid=8279952 (831 words)

	kids.ca - First Division
		The term " First division " also has a history of usage in baseball, although the concept of promotion and relegation does not and never has existed in that sport, or in any of the popular team sports in the United States for that matter.
		In sport, the First Division is usually the highest division of a league, and will often have promotion and relegation with divisions below.
		In some cases, the First Division may no longer be the highest division overall in that country, as new leagues can be created above, demoting the First Division down a level.
	kids.ca /First-Division/reference/fullview/wikipedia/995548 (831 words)

	First Division - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The term "First division" also has a history of usage in baseball, although the concept of promotion and relegation does not and never has existed in that sport, or in any of the popular team sports in the United States for that matter.
		In sport, the First Division is usually the highest division of a league, and will often have promotion and relegation with divisions below.
		In some cases, the First Division may no longer be the highest division overall in that country, as new leagues can be created above, demoting the First Division down a level.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_division (215 words)

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Topic: Promotion and relegation

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In the News (Sat 5 Jul 08)