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Topic: Pronunciation

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Mispronunciation

English pronunciation

List of words of disputed pronunciation

Accent (linguistics)

Pronunciation (simple guide to markup, American)

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English language

Received Pronunciation

List of words commonly mispronounced

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List of dialects of the English language

ISO 639

International Phonetic Alphabet

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	English Pronunciation
		If your questions about pronunciation are not answered here, feel free to ask a question at the Help Each Other With English forum.
		But the advantage of learning good pronunciation is not only that it helps you to speak - it also helps you to listen and understand.
		Pronunciation Power is used by thousands of universities and schools around the world for one reason - it's the best.
	www.englishclub.com /pronunciation/index.htm (358 words)

	The Pronunciation of Ancient Egyptian
		The best evidence of the pronunciation of Late Egyptian, however, is from the documents found in the diplomatic archives of Amenhotep III and Akhenaton at Amarna, for these documents were kept in Akkadian, not in Egyptian.
		This is the Hebrew aleph, the Arabic hamza, or the English Cockney pronunciation of "t" in "bottle." A special symbol is used for this in transcription type fonts for Egyptian.
		The picture of "an animal's belly with teats," this represents a softer form of kh (a voiceless palatal instead of a velar fricative), as in the German pronunciation of ich (not German dialect pronunciations as ish).
	www.friesian.com /egypt.htm (5900 words)

	Online Etymology Dictionary
		Pronunciation change to "wuns" parallels that of one.
		The military pronunciation (rhymes with fashion) took over from the preferred civilian pronunciation (rhymes with nation) during World War I. Rationing is from 1918, from conditions in England during the war.
		"scene of mad confusion," 1667, from colloquial pronunciation of "Hospital of Saint Mary of Bethlehem" in London, founded 1247 as a priory, mentioned as a hospital 1330 and as a lunatic hospital 1402; converted to a state lunatic asylum on dissolution of the monasteries in 1547.
	www.etymonline.com /index.php?search=pronunciation (1378 words)

	Pronunciation Key. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. 2000
		A list of the pronunciation symbols used in this Dictionary is given below in the column headed AHD.
		Regional pronunciations of -or- vary.In pairs such as for, four; horse, hoarse; and morning, mourning, the vowel varies between (ô) and (
		A similar variant occurs in words such as coral, forest, and horrid, where the pronunciation of o before r varies between (ô) and (
	www.bartleby.com /61/12.html (255 words)

	American Accent Training - Pronunciation
		Whenever you find a vowel that can be crossed out and its absence wouldn't change the pronunciation of the word, you have probably found a schwa: photography [f'tägr'fee] (the two apostrophes show the location of the neutral vowel sounds).
		By comparison, the silent E at the end of a word is a signal for pronunciation, but it is not pronounced itself: code is [kod].
		One way to avoid the pronunciation difficulty of a final L, such as in call, is to make a liaison when the next word begins with a vowel.
	www.americanaccent.com /pronunciation.html (1766 words)

	A Guide to English Pronunciation
		There is no greater cacophony [kæ'kafêni] to the ears than to hear the vowels switched in the pronunciation of this word.
		Most dictionaries now accept the single [r] pronunciation but, if you have an agile tongue, you may want to shoot for the original.
		The definition of "moot" is moot (open to debate) but not the pronunciation: [mut] and not [myut].
	www.yourdictionary.com /library/mispron.html (2481 words)

	spell pronunciation
		However, the B in debt and the E in have and give, would be cut because they distort the correct pronunciation.
		Notations based on digraphs that could not be resolved into their component sounds would be disqualified.
		If spelling pronunciation were taught in the schools, then it would become obvious to everyone what letters were redundant and confusing.
	victorian.fortunecity.com /vangogh/555/Spell/spel-pronunciation.htm (1453 words)

	InteliHealth:
		Pronunciation symbols are printed in roman type and all other information, such as labels and notes, is printed in italics.
		The numerous variations in pronunciation that a word may have in running speech are of interest to phoneticians but are well outside the scope of a dictionary of general English.
		In the pronunciation of some French or French-derived words \&\ is placed immediately after \l\, \m\, \r\ to indicate one nonsyllabic pronunciation of these consonants, as in the French words table "table," prisme "prism," and titre "title," each of which in isolation and in some contexts is a one-syllable word.
	www.intelihealth.com /IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9276/9276/209476.html?d=dmtDictionary (3672 words)

	Pronunciation
		Pronunciation is contained within the Pronunciation field or within reversed virgules when it refers to a variant, inflected form, or run-on entry.
		The pronunciation of unpronounced derivatives and compounds run on at a main entry is a combination of the pronunciation at the main entry and the pronunciation of the suffix or final element.
		Pronunciations are not usually shown for entries with the functional labels abbreviation or symbol since they are usually spoken by saying the individual letters in sequence or by giving the expansion.
	www.personalmd.com /mwmedical/pronunci.htm (563 words)

	Received Pronunciation at AllExperts
		Received Pronunciation (RP) is a form of pronunciation of the English language which has been the prestige British accent (see prestige dialect).
		Received Pronunciation was also sometimes referred to as the Queen's English, as it is spoken by the Queen or BBC English as it was traditionally used by the BBC.
		There are, however, important factors that militate against this, including the perceived inferior status and alleged lower intelligibility by some of Estuary English, which is characterised by the dropping of consonants, and use of the glottal stop.
	en.allexperts.com /e/r/re/received_pronunciation.htm (1364 words)

	Materials to aid ESL teachers teach pronunciation and phonetics
		Teachers should always be working on student pronunciation to help them communicate more successfully.
		Is a student's pronunciation adequate for their level and for the tasks they need to perform?
		Working on your students' pronunciation need not entail dull repetition and drilling.
	www.esl-lounge.com /pronunciation.shtml (351 words)

	Finnish pronunciation
		Pronunciation of Finnish in a nutshell (for linguists)
		Pronunciation instructions such as "lak-ki" (or "luck-kee", in an attempt to express the pronunciation by English orthography) can be misleading.
		In practice, the pronunciation is close to or identical with S. Some words (especially basic forms of nouns ending with -E and imperative and negative forms of verbs) have so-called consonant doubling at the end; it is not shown in the orthography.
	www.cs.tut.fi /~jkorpela/finnish.pronunciation.html (1434 words)

	Pronunciation Lexicon Markup Requirements
		Application specific pronunciation lexica are required in many situations where the default lexicon supplied with a speech recognition or speech synthesis system does not cover the vocabulary of the application.
		The pronunciation lexicon markup should enable indication of which pronunciation is the preferred form for use by a speech synthesizer where there are multiple pronunciations for a lexicon entry.
		The pronunciation lexicon markup may provide the ability to specify a different pronunciation alphabet to be used for each pronunciation of a lexicon entry.
	www.w3.org /TR/2001/WD-lexicon-reqs-20010312 (2390 words)

	Received Pronunciation
		A pronunciation of British English, originally based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern England and characteristic of the English spoken at the public schools and at Oxford and Cambridge Universities.
		It may be especially considered as the educated pronunciation of the metropolis, of the court, the pulpit, and the bar.
		The standard pronunciation used is the one recorded in the dictionaries.
	www.yaelf.com /rp.shtml (2666 words)

	Name Pronunciation
		These pronunciations come from Forrest Curton and are subject to some interpretation (criticism) for some of those names.
		However, audio recordings of a person pronouncing his namesake's mineral name are not common and were not possible prior to the invention of the phonograph in 1877.
		Peter Whitehead from James Cook University sent me a recording of the proper pronunciation for wycheproofite after having spent 3 years living in that part of the Australian outback.
	webmineral.com /help/NamePronunciation.shtml (521 words)

	Pronunciation Power ESL Pronunciation
		Pronunciation Power focuses specifically on pronunciation of American English and is ideal for language labs and self-learners with either a PC or Macintosh multimedia computer.
		Pronunciation Power comes in packages for two levels: Pronunciation Power 1 is aimed at those at an intermediate to beginning level, and comes with the 8-in-1 English Dictionary at no additional cost.
		"Pronunciation Power is truly one of the best and most powerful pieces of software for students to improve their pronunciation of the English language.
	www.esl.net /pronunciation_power.html (1135 words)

	SWAHILI PRONUNCIATION
		This pronunciation guide has been adapted for the Internet from Kiswahili: msingi wa kusema, kusoma, na kuandika, by Thomas Hinnebusch and Sarah Mirza.
		An acceptable pronunciation can be attained through careful attention to the speech of native speakers.
		As English voiced stops, but they are imploded, that is, in their pronunciation the air is sucked into the mouth as they are released.
	research.yale.edu /swahili/serve_pages/pronunciation.php (794 words)

	BBC \| British Council teaching English - Think - Pronunciation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Teaching pronunciation used to involve little more than identifying and practicing the sounds of which a language is composed, that is to say, its phonemes.
		Pronunciation work has traditionally taken a secondary role in language teaching to work on grammar and more recently lexis.
		In my work as a teacher trainer I have been surprised at how often experienced teachers are reluctant to tackle pronunciation issues in class.
	www.teachingenglish.org.uk /think/pron.shtml (572 words)

	Lesson 1. Pronunciation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Therefore the student should remember that the pronunciations (and even the words) are guidelines, and regional varations are myriad.
		A simple vowel, i.e., a vowel that is not a diphthong, may be either long or short depending on its context and on whether or not there is a circumflex accent.
		Again, the North Wales pronunciation of "eu" and "ey" is colo(u)red by their pronunciation of "u".
	www.cs.cf.ac.uk /fun/welsh/Lesson01.html (1822 words)

	Pronunciation
		Over the years, usage has resulted in certain informal rules of pronunciation, but even these must give way to a person's own preferences, and are naturally influenced by such things as where he or she grew up, and what pronunciations they were exposed to during their lifetimes.
		However, consistency of pronunciation is to be strived for, and the person who finds himself speaking such names aloud usually does develop a fairly uniform style.
		These may well be examples of the more classical pronunciation and thus may not be in common use in America, because I have seen for instance sources that pronounce 'flaccidus' as 'fla-si-dus' which is the way I've always said it and will continue to say it.
	www.calflora.net /botanicalnames/pronunciation.html (4711 words)

	Pronunciation Page
		Pronunciation Tip of the Day (if you are not in CILL you will need a special font to see this)
		CILL tutors do not believe that it is good to correct everything because we know you are not studying everything about pronunciation, that would take a long time.
		We believe it is better for you to work on one small area of pronunciation at a time.
	elc.polyu.edu.hk /cill/pronunci.htm (938 words)

	Czech pronunciation - UniLang Wiki
		You do not need to worry about this since there is no way to distinguish these two variants in speech and, for all practical purposes, switching these two in writing does not change the meaning of the word.
		The Czech pronunciation is closer to English pronunciation of these sounds in the middle of a word (try skip, spit, stick).
		This overview of Czech pronunciation should not scare you as it looks more difficult than it actually is. With practice, you will internalize the rules.
	home.unilang.org /main/wiki2/index.php/Czech_pronunciation (1328 words)

	Pronunciation
		It is obvious that we cannot have direct, first-hand knowledge of the pronunciation of a language which no-one speaks any more.
		Medially and finally, and when doubled, its pronunciation resembles the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch': bohte 'bought', scóh 'shoe', hlehhan 'laugh'; this medial 'h' often survives as the silent 'gh' of NE, e.g.
		The following is a guide to the approximate pronunciations, bearing in mind that no two dialects have exactly the same arrangement of vowels even if their consonants are identical.
	www.kami.demon.co.uk /gesithas/OEsteps/pronounc.html (1736 words)

	Pronunciation
		The correct pronunciation is with a th sound, as in thick, at the beginning of the second syllable.
		This was a pronunciation error that I myself was totally unaware of until just a few years ago.
		The mispronunciation of height as heighth (with a th, rather than a t, sound at the end of the word) probably stems from the tendency to confuse it with similar words dealing with dimension, such as length, width, depth, and breadth.
	www.grammarerrors.com /pronunciation.html (737 words)

	Erasmian Pronunciation Conventions
		The Erasmian or Academic pronunciation has a fascinating history and variety of manifestations.
		The variations that include letters that sound the same, do this to be more accurately reflect a classical pronunciation rather than the historic sound of Biblical Greek.
		In 1860, he writes that the Erasmian pronunciation is the historic pronunciation of the ancients.
	www.biblicalgreek.org /links/erasmian.php (404 words)

	English Pronunciation in Use Intermediate - Cambridge University Press
		The best-selling English Pronunciation in Use is a comprehensive reference and practice book suitable for self-study or classroom work.
		An additional reference section offers a glossary of specialized terms, help with the pronunciation of numbers and geographical names and fun exercises on phonemic symbols and minimal pairs.
		Students can also record themselves and compare their pronunciation with one of the many models provided.
	www.cambridge.org /elt/elt_projectpage.asp?id=2500225 (248 words)

	Do You Speak American . What Speech Do We Like Best? . Beastly \| PBS
		According to Burchfield (1996), the British pronunciation is BUHF-it (rhymes with rough it) for the sideboard and BUU-fay or BUHF-ay for the self-service meal.
		The pronunciation ER-ur, with e as in pet, is chiefly Eastern and Southern; the pronunciation AIR-ur (AIR- as in pair), chiefly Midwestern and Western.
		All three pronunciations are acceptable, though not so long ago only the second was considered cultivated while the first was considered British and the third was frowned upon by some authorities.
	www.pbs.org /speak/speech/beastly (8604 words)

	Linguistics 001 -- Pronunciation of English
		Standard English spelling does not identify pronunciations clearly or reliably, as poems like this one indicate.
		This is useful, but often we want to say something more systematic about the nature of vowel pronunciations, their relationships, how they are changing, etc. For this, use of the IPA vowel chart is helpful.
		Several chapters of a definitive work-in-progress on regional variation in the pronunciation of North American English can be found here.
	www.ling.upenn.edu /courses/Fall_2003/ling001/English.html (1357 words)

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