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	Post-exposure prophylaxis - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is any treatment started immediately after exposure to a disease-causing virus, in order to prevent the disease from breaking out.
		PEP is commonly used, and very effective, to prevent the outbreak of rabies after a bite by a rabid animal.
		Post-exposure prophylaxis with a course of antiviral drugs is also thought to reduce the risk of seroconversion after exposure to HIV.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /post-exposure_prophylaxis.htm (169 words)

	Post-exposure prophylaxis -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		PEP is commonly used, and very effective, to prevent the outbreak of (An acute viral disease of the nervous system of warm-blooded animals (usually transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal); rabies is fatal if the virus reaches the brain) rabies after a bite by a rabid animal.
		The treatment consists of repeated injections of rabies (Immunogen consisting of a suspension of weakened or dead pathogenic cells injected in order to stimulate the production of antibodies) vaccine and (A class of proteins produced in lymph tissue in vertebrates and that function as antibodies in the immune response) immunoglobulin.
		Post-exposure prophylaxis with a course of (Any drug that destroys viruses) antiviral drugs is also thought to reduce the risk of (Click link for more info and facts about seroconversion) seroconversion after exposure to (Infection by the human immunideficiency virus) HIV.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/po/post-exposure_prophylaxis.htm (201 words)

	Guidelines for Preventing Opportunistic Infections Among HIV-Infected Persons -- 2002
		Discontinuing primary prophylaxis among patients meeting these criteria is recommended because, apparently, prophylaxis adds limited disease prevention for MAC or for bacterial infections and because discontinuing drugs reduces pill burden, potential for drug toxicity, drug interactions, selection of drug-resistant pathogens, and cost.
		However, the majority of HIV specialists recommend that antifungal prophylaxis not be used routinely to prevent cryptococcosis because of the relative infrequency of cryptococcal disease, lack of survival benefits associated with prophylaxis, possibility of drug interactions, potential antifungal drug resistance, and cost.
		Prophylaxis with fluconazole or itraconazole should not be initiated during pregnancy because of the low incidence of cryptococcal disease, lack of a recommendation for primary prophylaxis against cryptococcosis among nonpregnant adults, and potential teratogenic effects of these drugs during pregnancy (DIII) (86,87).
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5108a1.htm (16459 words)

	HIV NEWSLINE February 1996, Does PCP Prophylaxis Improve Survival in Patients with HIV Infection? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The majority of recent PCP prophylaxis trials have compared at least two proven prophylaxis regimens (Table 1), and unlike earlier randomized trials and recent observational studies (Table 2) these recent prophylaxis trials have not had a placebo or untreated arm.
		It is possible that participants in non-randomized studies of PCP prophylaxis are somehow healthier than those not on therapy, and this potential source of bias may explain the observed differences in survival attributed to therapy.
		Studies comparing two or more PCP prophylaxis regimens (Table 1) have no control group and were not designed to detect small differences in survival benefit between effective therapies.
	www.hivnewsline.com /issues/Vol2Issue1/pcp.html (1900 words)

	Evidence-based assessment of primary antifungal prophylaxis in patients with hematologic malignancies -- Cornely et al. ...
		Prolonged fluconazole prophylaxis is associated with persistent protection against candidiasis-related death in allogeneic marrow transplant recipients: long-term follow-up of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
		Antifungal prophylaxis with itraconazole in neutropenic patients with acute leukaemia.
		Nystatin prophylaxis of fungal colonization and infection in granulocytopenic patients: correlation of colonization and clinical outcome.
	www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/101/9/3365 (4380 words)

	CDC - Anthrax Postexposure Prophylaxis in Postal Workers, Connecticut, 2001
		For the continuation phase of prophylaxis, doxycycline was offered as the primary antibiotic unless contraindications existed or the workers specifically requested to continue on ciprofloxacin.
		Several characteristics were examined for determinants of starting prophylaxis, including sex, race, and age, as well as whether the postal worker worked on high-speed machinery or obtained an influenza vaccine.
		The circumstances of this prophylaxis campaign, along with the small sample size and potential for recall bias associated with this survey, limit the inferences that may be drawn.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol8no10/02-0346.htm (2845 words)

	TIGC - DVT Prophylaxis in Orthopedics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Prophylaxis studies have generally excluded patients with prior DVT and those at high risk of bleeding; therefore, much less is known about the effectiveness and safety of any prophylaxis modality in these patient groups.
		Although studies, in which at least 7 days of prophylaxis was used, show a substantial number of asymptomatic thrombi on venography after hospital discharge, studies using clinically important endpoints indicate that few symptomatic thromboembolic events occur.
		Six randomized trials demonstrate that in-hospital LMWH prophylaxis for approximately 7 days is associated with at least twice as many asymptomatic DVTs, using routine screening venography, than prophylaxis continued for 4–6 weeks.
	www.tigc.org /eguidelines/dvtortho04.htm (1328 words)

	Update: Investigation of Bioterrorism-Related Anthrax and Interim Guidelines for Exposure Management and Antimicrobial ...
		Antimicrobial prophylaxis was administered to persons from the area of exposure and first-responders to the incident.
		The postal facility was closed on October 21, and antimicrobial prophylaxis was recommended to employees working in proximity to the same mail sorting area of the first patient.
		Prophylaxis for inhalational anthrax exposure has been addressed in a previous report (1) and indicates the use of either ciprofloxacin or doxycycline as first line agents.
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5042a1.htm (4565 words)

	Antimicrobial Prophylaxis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It is clear that correct application of antibacterial prophylaxis can reduce the incidence of infection resulting from the bacterial inoculation in a variety of clinical situations.
		Antimicrobial Prophylaxis is not appropriate for contaminated and dirty wounds.
		Antimicrobial prophylaxis should not be substituted for measures designed to reduce the number of bacteria that enter the tissue of interest.
	cpharm.vetmed.vt.edu /vm8784/ANTIMICROBIALS/Prophylaxis.htm (2407 words)

	Update: Adverse Events Associated with Anthrax Prophylaxis Among Postal Employees --- New Jersey, New York City, and ...
		Antimicrobial prophylaxis to prevent inhalational anthrax has been recommended for persons potentially exposed to Bacillus anthracis as a result of the recent bioterrorist attacks (1).
		A total of 3,863 (66%) had initiated antimicrobial *prophylaxis; of these, 3,428 (89%) reported using ciprofloxacin for antimicrobial prophylaxis;** 435 (11%) used other antimicrobials (when ciprofloxacin was contraindicated), including doxycycline (6%) and amoxicillin (1%) (Table 1).
		In NY, antimicrobial prophylaxis was recommended for approximately 1,800 postal employees who were at increased risk for anthrax and made available to another 2,600 postal employees at lower risk for anthrax.
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5047a2.htm (1036 words)

	Prevention of Infection Due to Pneumocystis carinii -- Fishman 42 (5): 995 -- Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
		Aerosolized pentamidine, cotrimoxazole and dapsone-pyrimethamine for primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Toxoplasma encephalitis.
		Effect of aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis on the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by induced sputum examination in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.
		Prophylaxis of epidemic infantile pneumocystosis with a 20:1 sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine combination.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/42/5/995 (7343 words)

	Endocarditis prophylaxis guidelines
		The presumed benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis depends on the cardiac abnormality for which prophylaxis is being considered and the procedure causing bacteremia.
		The importance of MVP as an etiology for endocarditis in the pediatric age group is stressed.
		Switching to a newer macrolide increases the cost of antibiotic prophylaxis and this may not be a good idea in the developing world where infective endocarditis is fairly common.
	www.journalclub.org /vol2/a50.html (1474 words)

	Malaria Prophylaxis-Review
		Great stress is given to the warning that no prophylaxis is foolproof and failures arise most commonly from not taking the drugs as prescribed.
		Prophylaxis in children as in adults is to use nonpharmacologic protective strategies.
		The recommendations for prophylaxis vary greatly from country to country and there is no generally accepted regime in areas of chloroquine resistance.
	www.priory.com /malaria.htm (3023 words)

	Impact of fluconazole prophylaxis on fungal colonization and infection rates in neutropenic patients -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Efficacy and safety of fluconazole prophylaxis for fungal infections after marrow transplantation: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study.
		Fluconazole prophylaxis of fungal infections in patients with acute leukemia.
		The effect of fluconazole as prophylaxis for neutropenic patients on the isolation of Candida spp.
	jac.oupjournals.org /cgi/content/full/46/6/1001 (3092 words)

	Rabies Prevention - United States, 1999
		Four formulations of three inactivated rabies vaccines are currently licensed for preexposure and postexposure prophylaxis in the United States (Table_1).
		For persons who will be receiving both rabies preexposure prophylaxis and antimalarial chemoprophylaxis in preparation for travel to a rabies-enzootic area, the ID regimen should be initiated at least 1 month before travel to allow for completion of the full three-dose vaccine series before antimalarial prophylaxis begins.
		When postexposure prophylaxis is administered to an immunosuppressed person, it is especially important that a serum sample be tested for rabies antibody to ensure that an acceptable antibody response has developed.
	www.avma.org /pubhlth/rabprev.asp (2605 words)

	prophylaxis on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Postexposure prophylaxis in children and adolescents for nonoccupational exposure to human immunodeficiency virus.
		Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of endocarditis in dermatologic surgery: sources of controversy and directions for future research.
		Advances and contemporary issues in prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis *;.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/p1/prophyla.asp (255 words)

	Migraine Prevention or Migraine Prophylaxis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Migraine prophylaxis or migraine prevention refers to the chronic treatment of patients (usually, but not always taking daily medication), in order to prevent the development of a headache in the first place.
		Most neurologists would agree that patients having 3 or more headaches (of any type) a week should be placed on prophylaxis to decrease the risk of their headaches becoming rebound.
		The use of prophylaxis in patients having fewer than 3 headaches a week is common and depends upon headache frequency, the severity of the headache, the length of the individual headache, and the response to acute headache therapy.
	www.loftusmd.com /Articles/Migraine/Migraineprevention.html (955 words)

	Updated U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Exposures to HBV, HCV, and HIV and ...
		Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and/or hepatitis B vaccine series should be considered for occupational exposures after evaluation of the hepatitis B surface antigen status of the source and the vaccination and vaccine-response status of the exposed person.
		For percutaneous or mucosal exposures to blood, several factors must be considered when making a decision to provide prophylaxis, including the HBsAg status of the source and the hepatitis B vaccination and vaccine-response status of the exposed person.
		A summary of prophylaxis recommendations for percutaneous or mucosal exposure to blood according to the HBsAg status of the exposure source and the vaccination and vaccine-response status of the exposed person is included in this report (Table 3).
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5011a1.htm (14846 words)

	The Economics of Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis: A Primer for Clinicians -- Davidson et al. 124 (6 Supplement): 393 ...
		The Economics of Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis: A Primer for Clinicians -- Davidson et al.
		Mol, WE, Egberts, TC Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in hip fracture surgery: total costs and cost effectiveness in The Netherlands.
		Turpie, AGG, Bauer, KA, Eriksson, BI, for the Steering Committees of the pentasaccharide orthopedic prophylaxis studies.
	www.chestjournal.org /cgi/content/full/124/6_suppl/393S (2798 words)

	Modeling the optimum duration of antibiotic prophylaxis in an anthrax outbreak -- Brookmeyer et al. 100 (17): 10129 -- ...
		Modeling the optimum duration of antibiotic prophylaxis in an anthrax outbreak -- Brookmeyer et al.
		of inhalational anthrax and the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis
		duration of postexposure antibiotic prophylaxis in an anthrax
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/100/17/10129 (2668 words)

	Surgical Prophylaxis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Postoperative prophylaxis is strongly discouraged except in the scenario of a bioprosthetic insertion in which case 2 or 3 additional prophylactic doses may be deemed sufficient (Warning: there are no standard rules on prophylaxis following prosthetic insertion and clinical experience strongly dictates practice).
		Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis for herniorrhaphy and breast surgery.
		Antibiotic prophylaxis in clean surgery: peripheral vascular surgery, noncardiovascular thoracic surgery, herniorrhaphy and mastectomy.
	www.intmed.mcw.edu /drug/SurgProph.html (1699 words)

	Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism -- Geerts et al. 119 (1 Supplement): 132 -- Chest
		and frequently attributed, inappropriately, to the use of prophylaxis.
		prophylaxis or therapy for patients with spinal/epidural anesthesia
		LMWH prophylaxis (ardeparin, 50 anti-Xa U/kilogram BID) were
	www.chestjournal.org /cgi/content/full/119/1_suppl/132S (7929 words)

	Community-Based Mass Prophylaxis: A Planning Guide for Public Health Preparedness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It is possible to calculate the number of staff needed to run a system that is operating in a steady-state manner.
		The accompanying Bioterrorism and Epidemic Outbreak Response Model (BERM) allows calculations of the number of staff needed to carry out a prophylaxis campaign using two different pre-specified designs for DVCs, one for antibiotic dispensing and another for vaccination.
		Community-Based Mass Prophylaxis: A Planning Guide for Public Health Preparedness (Word® File, 2.8 MB; PDF File, 690 KB).
	www.ahrq.gov /research/cbmprophyl/cbmpro.htm (343 words)

	AAOS On-Line Service Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Dental Patients with Total Joint Replacements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The panel's conclusion: Antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated for dental patients with pins, plates and screws, nor is it routinely indicated for most dental patients with total joint replacements.
		Antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated for dental patients with pins, plates and screws, nor is it routinely indicated for most dental patients with total joint replacements.
		Antibiotic prophylaxis for such patients undergoing dental procedures with a higher bacteremic risk (as defined in Table 2), should be considered using an empirical regimen (Table 3).
	www.aaos.org /wordhtml/papers/advistmt/1014.htm (1616 words)

	Prophylaxis definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Prophylaxis: A measure taken for the prevention of a disease or condition.
		For example, dental prophylaxis consists of removing plaque and cleaning the teeth to prevent cavities and gum disease.
		The word "prophylaxis" is from the Greek and means "an advance guard."
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=12063 (184 words)

	Prophylaxis
		A prophylaxis is a measure taken to maintain health and prevent the spread of disease.
		Antibiotic prophylaxis is the focus of this article and refers to the use of antibiotics to prevent infections.
		Because the overuse of antibiotics can lead to resistance, drugs taken to prevent infection should be used only for a short time.
	www.lifesteps.com /gm/Atoz/ency/prophylaxis.jsp (790 words)

	Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism: The Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy -- Geerts ...
		prophylaxis should be delayed for at least 2 h after spinal
		Prophylaxis with LMWH for 2 to 3 weeks after hospital discharge
		factors that warrant extended prophylaxis remain to be defined.
	www.chestjournal.org /cgi/content/full/126/3_suppl/338S (8752 words)

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