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Topic: Proprietary computer software

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James Barr Ames

	Computer Viruses Are Caused By Proprietary Software
		Proprietary unices, are also in an intermediate situation; most of the software installed by users is also free software or direct derivatives, and the rest is usually expensive professional software installed by experts.
		Proprietary software is marketed toward the public by weaving its unique features into as many documents as possible, whereas support may be lacking and users should conspicously not be organized in a strong community capable of any concerted action.
		In Proprietary Software platforms, even the worse applications fight hard to be present on the users' desktop; in Free Software platforms, the better applications sometimes don't fight hard enough to be on your desktop.
	fare.tunes.org /articles/viruses.html (1380 words)

	Introduction to Computers - Software
		Software is stored on a disk or tape whether that disk is a floppy, hard disk, CD, tape or one of the dozens of other storage devices available.
		Software is also available through an Open Source license which allows anyone to use the Open Source software free of charge as long as the license is maintained.
		Shareware is software developed by individual and small companies that cannot afford to market their software world wide or by a company that wants to release a demonstration version of their commercial product.
	www.grassrootsdesign.com /intro/software.php (1468 words)

	Categories of Free and Non-Free Software - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)
		Meanwhile, most free software is not in the public domain; it is copyrighted, and the copyright holders have legally given permission for everyone to use it in freedom, using a free software license.
		GNU software is software that is released under the auspices of the GNU Project.
		Semi-free software is much better ethically than proprietary software, but it still poses problems, and we cannot use it in a free operating system.
	www.gnu.org /philosophy/categories.html (2472 words)

	Software definition by The Linux Information Project
		Software is a generic term for programs that are used by computers and other products that contain logic circuitry (e.g., processors).
		Software requires hardware, which is the physical substrate on which software exists and runs, and hardware is useless without software.
		In order to be used, software must be loaded into the computer's memory, which is usually composed of RAM (random access memory) chips, from the storage medium where it is kept.
	www.bellevuelinux.org /software.html (744 words)

	proprietary software is opposite of free software
		Proprietary software is software that is owned by an individual or a company (usually the one that developed it).
		Public domain software is software that has been donated to the public domain by its copyright holder.
		Proprietary software will remain strong in some niche markets, mainly for business and technical applications for which the demand is relatively small or specialized and for which users will be willing to pay relatively high prices.
	www.bellevuelinux.org /proprietary.html (636 words)

	Kettering University
		Unlike software developed by Kettering University employees, Kettering University does not own this licensed software or its related documentation and, unless authorized by the software developer, does not have the right to reproduce it except for backup purposes.
		Free software, as compared with "freeware", is a matter of the users freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve and not necessarily tied to the cost of the software.
		Each department head that has reason to believe that unlicensed software is installed on any equipment operated or managed by their department employees should either immediately purchase appropriate licenses, remove the software immediately, or consult with the Information Technology Department 's desktop support personnel to resolve the problem.
	www.kettering.edu /it/SoftwareLicensePolicy.jsp (932 words)

	Software Libre and Commercial Viability.
		Whereas a proprietary product can be supported only by a limited number of qualified consultants (whose number and quality is centrally managed), the number of consultants supporting a Free Software solution is virtually unlimited and the offer can quickly adapt to the request.
		They include a lot of software, even though this software is almost invisible to the end user, who perceives the device as a telephone and not a computer.
		Such software is the component that defines the overall capabilities of the device; because of its major functional role in the device it is strictly proprietary.
	www.gnu.org /philosophy/software-libre-commercial-viability.html (2235 words)

	Freeing the Mind : Free Software and the Death of Proprietary Culture
		Now, The Free Software Foundation, which I have represented for ten years and on whose board I have the honor to sit, has an annual budget in the neighborhood of $750,000, and total assets slightly under two million dollars; it is supported entirely by donative contributions, mostly from individuals.
		Hence, free software and soon-as a result of the work that I and hundreds of other people are doing around the world--free genetic information and machines, represent the demonstration that this form of production, without exclusion from the right to understand and produce oneself, produces better goods.
		Software is a service, a public utility, being produced primarily by people we presently call ``students,'' doing something we presently call ``learning.'' The primary services being sold in the Capitalist economy with respect to software are project management, indemnification, distributional customization, and tailoring, piece by piece, to the individual needs of consumers.
	emoglen.law.columbia.edu /publications/maine-speech.html (5785 words)

	NewsForge \| Croatian government adopts open source software policy
		So far, most of the software we use is proprietary software, so we cannot modify or complement it, or link software from different vendors.
		Stimulating the use of open source software in the public sector and the development of an electronic government administration were the two main goals.
		Open source software enables more rational distribution of state budget funds, because it creates the environment in which domestic suppliers and manufacturers may be more actively involved in any phase of the development, maintenance, and use of the systems.
	business.newsforge.com /business/06/08/11/1855229.shtml (1497 words)

	Article - Beware of Software Patents
		Some Wall Street firms believe patents that protect proprietary computer programs are a way to develop a competitive advantage because they can provide exclusive usage rights to the owner and can be the source of millions of dollars in licensing fees.
		If the current trend favoring the protection of software by acquiring patents is indicative of the future on the Street, it seems inevitable that they will become a force to reckon with.
		Some of your competitors have been and are still quietly acquiring patents on thcir proprietary software to enable them to prevent its use by you and other companies in the industry, or to force you to generate nonoperational income for them through licensing.
	www.bustpatents.com /articles/beware.htm (690 words)

	What is computer? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		For example, every computer requires a bus that transmits data from one part of the computer to another.
		In addition to the microprocessor, a personal computer has a keyboard for entering data, a monitor for displaying information, and a storage device for saving data.
		A workstation is like a personal computer, but it has a more powerful microprocessor and a higher-quality monitor.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/d/computer.html (599 words)

	Software Lease Agreement
		The Software is and shall at all times be and remain the sole and exclusive property of the Lessor and Lessee shall have no right, title or interest therein or thereto except as to the use thereof subject to the terms and conditions of this Lease.
		Lessee's execution of this Agreement acknowledges that all Software set forth above was received and installed and is in good and operable condition and that Lessor has fully and satisfactorily performed all covenants and conditions to be performed by it under this Lease Agreement.
		Lessor covenants to and with Lessee that Lessor is the lawful owner of said Software and that conditioned upon Lessee's performance of the conditions herein, Lessee shall peacefully and quietly hold and use the Software during the term of this Lease without hindrance.
	www.internetcad.com /univers.htm (1159 words)

	VA Linux to sell proprietary software \| CNET News.com
		While some companies such as Red Hat have stayed with the open-source philosophy, under which software may be changed, modified or redistributed by anyone, others such as ArsDigita have reversed that direction to focus instead on more traditional sales of proprietary software modules.
		The mixture of open and proprietary software "is a model we saw a lot of people going to," Augustin said.
		Red Hat, which sells Linux software but not hardware, broke even in June, but analysts from Merrill Lynch and Goldman Sachs project a meager profit of a penny per share for the fiscal year that will end in February.
	news.com.com /2100-1001-272084.html (732 words)

	Software - Computer - eioba.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Apologists for proprietary software like to say, `` free software is a nice dream, but we all know that only the proprietary system can produce reliable produ...
		Load, in computing, is a measure of the amount of processing a computer system is currently performing, usually in the form of a scalar and as some variation on a percentage.
		A short analysis of the free software world in three countries of the former Soviet Union “Former Soviet Union” is a term that often makes people think of a somehow original concept o...
	www.eioba.com /c86/software (1060 words)

	OIT Client Services - Computer Software Policy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Most software, however, is licensed to the user and the terms of the license agreement may give the user permission to make copies of the software in excess of the archival copy permitted by the Copyright Act.
		Offer software verification assistance to departments who have multi-user machines and are uncertain of the software residing on said machines at any given time.
		In addition, the Director of OIT Client Services, in conjunction with the Vice Provost for Computing and IT, is responsible for evaluating these procedures periodically for effectiveness, clarity, ambiguity, ease of use for all users, accuracy and completeness, and making provisions for the collection of information for policy and process improvement.
	oit.uta.edu /cs/policies/desktop/computer_software_policy.html (1289 words)

	Open source and proprietary software \| Business Link
		Proprietary software is software developed by a supplier and made available for you to use under a licence.
		When you buy a proprietary software package you are not buying the software - you are buying the right to use the software in a specific way.
		This method of software distribution has been successful and most off-the-shelf software is of this type.
	www.businesslink.gov.uk /bdotg/action/detail?type=RESOURCES&itemId=1073791277 (328 words)

	The security implications of open source software (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		It was the very fact that the software code was "concealed" in opaque binary form that kept this security breach unknown to the public for so long.
		Since open source software guarantees the "right to read, redistribute, modify, and use the software freely," a secret back door would be highly unlikely to escape detection.
		Another complaint with open source software is that most bugs are found after the program has been compiled, tested, and distributed -- not because someone sat down in advance and looked at the code for holes, but because something goes wrong in its use.
	www-106.ibm.com /developerworks/linux/library/l-oss.html (2140 words)

	NewsForge \| Why proprietary software is dangerous for business-critical applications
		Don't blame the proprietary software for the fact they didn't have a backup of their system.
		That they are not able to move that piece of software (which they already paid for) to a machine that is not dying without paying the software company a bunch of money is insane.
		You did not keep a copy of the opensource software that you installed or it has been lost over many years as you have not been keeping up to date with latest releases or did not notice that the opensource project had been shutdown.
	software.newsforge.com /software/06/08/14/202229.shtml?tid=132&tid=129&tid=138 (2350 words)

	+1 Software Engineering Download
		A temporary password enables the Software for a limited time period and for a limited number of computers and users, and if used for evaluation purposes, may also limit the overall functionality of Software.
		The entire risk of use and consequences of use of the program falls completely on you and +1 Software Engineering shall not be liable in any respect for any loss claims or injury alleged to have resulted from use of or in reliance on Software.
		Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (a) through (d) of the Commercial Computer Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19 when applicable, or in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of The Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at 252.227-7013.
	www.plus-one.com /download.html (1112 words)

	FSF - Categories of Free and Non-Free Software
		The term ``open source'' software is used by some people to mean more or less the same thing as free software.
		This is not free software, because free software requires accesibility of source code.
		In the mean time, the GNU/Linux system, an offshoot of the GNU system which uses Linux as the kernel, became a great success in the 90s.
	www.fsf.org /licensing/essays/categories.html (2398 words)

	Work Performed by Desktop Support - NIEHS Computing Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The first priority of the computer support staff is to consult and solve problems for the NIEHS staff via phone, web request, email, or through direct office contact.
		Support personnel shall abide by the restrictions under which proprietary computer software was obtained.
		Support personnel installing software on NIEHS employees or NIEHS contractor's computers must ensure that original diskettes or a signed/completed purchase order is available for that system or the software have an NIEHS or NIH site license.
	www.niehs.nih.gov /guide/desktop/work.htm (532 words)

	Software Escrow
		This Software Source Code Escrow Agreeement (hereinafter referred to as the "Agreement") is made and effective _________________, 199_, by and between _______________ (hereinafter referred to as the "Escrow Agent") and _______________________ (hereinafter referred to as the Developer").
		Developer wishes to protect the integrity of its programs from duplication, theft or other misappropriation by maintaining them in strict confidence as trade secrets, and wishes to inure that maintenance for Developer's software is available in the event Developer fails to fulfill its maintenance obligations or in the event Developer does not remain in business.
		Escrow Agent is in the business of providing third party software escrow protection by storing, retaining and allowing limited access to proprietary computer software, related media and materials.
	ispgroupinc.com /contracts/software_escrow.html (1748 words)

	What is proprietary? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		In the computer industry, proprietary is the opposite of open.
		A proprietary design or technique is one that is owned by a company.
		Increasingly, proprietary architectures are seen as a disadvantage.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/p/proprietary.html (137 words)

	Computer Team - Luxembourg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Developing business software for over 20 years, we have over that time acquired experience in many different fields.
		We want our customers to stay and grow with us, not because we've trapped them with a proprietary scheme, but because we fit their needs with the quality of our service and products.
		In a not too far away future, our software will be converted to Lazarus, which is an open source RAD development tool compatible with Delphi.
	computer.team.lu (262 words)

	Software Lease Agreement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Lessor and Lessee agree that this Lease is a finance lease as that term is defined in Article 2a of the Uniform Commercial Code and Lessee hereby waives any and all rights and remedies granted to it by Sections 2a-506 through 2a-522 of the Uniform Commercial Code.
		Lessee shall pay all taxes and assignments (including interest, penalties, court costs and attorneys' fees, if any) which may be levied directly or indirectly against the Software, or any interest therein, or with respect to the ownership, possession or use thereof, whether such taxes are levied against Lessor or Lessee.
		Such taxes to be paid by the Lessee shall include without limitation property, sales, rent, lease and use taxes and any other tax measured by the gross rent payable hereunder but shall not include net income or franchise taxes payable by the Lessor.
	www.twolf.com /lease.htm (1498 words)

	dTech Computer Software Products-Computer Programs, Computer Programming, Computer Programmers, Computer Software ...
		Our computer programming department is made up of highly skilled computer programmers dedicated to providing the best, cost-efficient computer programs in the shortest time possible.
		This software allows pathologists, lab technicians, and clerical personnel to point and shoot through the normal work flow.
		Answer the simple questions at install time and your software is setup perfectly for you resident state, and also for your store preferences.
	www.dtechgroup.com /products.htm (1343 words)

	Open Directory - Computers:Software:Typesetting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Examples are the words (not the graphics) on the printed pages of a book, or the words on the display of your computer screen.
		Software for typesetting covers a broad range: software appropriate for typesetting a phone book will be of little help in preparing a magazine.
		Also, it is frequently difficult to separate the "software" from the "system," so this category will include proprietary typesetting systems.
	dmoz.org /Computers/Software/Typesetting/desc.html (216 words)

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